Expression profiles of cytokines in vitreous humor in lattice degeneration_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Yu Jun ¹ , Yao Jin ² , Yang Nan ² ,  Luan Jie ¹

1. Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;
2. The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China;

Corresponding author：

Luan Jie, Email: luanqiu10@163.com

Keywords：

Lattice degeneration; Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; Cytokines; Vitreous humor

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20230731-00325

Video：

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Objective To observe the expression levels of related cytokines in the vitreous humor of eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) associated with lattice degeneration (LD). Methods A clinical observational study. From May 2022 to February 2023, 43 patients of 43 eyes diagnosed with RRD, with or without accompanying LD, who underwent their first pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) at Zhongda Hospital Southeast University and The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups: RRD with LD (LD group), consisting of 27 patients with 27 eyes, and RRD without LD (Non-LD group), consisting of 16 patients with 16 eyes. Additionally, 6 patients (6 eyes) with idiopathic macular holes and 4 patients (4 eyes) with idiopathic epiretinal membranes during the same period were selected as the control group. Before initiating PPV and without intraocular perfusion, a 0.5 ml sample of undiluted vitreous fluid from the central portion was excised and aspirated. The concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP)-1α, MIP-1β, interferon-γ- inducible protein 10 (IP-10), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha-α, interferon-γ, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), placental growth factor (PLGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the vitreous fluid were quantitatively measured using the Luminex high-throughput multiplex assay technology. The comparison of cytokine expression levels between groups was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, with significance levels for post-hoc pairwise comparisons adjusted by DSCF methods. Results The eyes of the patients in the LD group, Non-LD group, and control group showed statistically significant differences (P＜0.05) in the concentrations of IL-6 (H=14.400), IL-8 (H=13.610), MCP-1 (H=12.050), VEGF (H=9.920), MIP-1α (H=6.620), IP-10 (H=7.780), MIF (H=12.920), PECAM-1 (H=9.990), ICAM-1 (H=8.070), and PLGF (H=16.850). Upon pairwise comparison between groups, the vitreous fluid concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and PLGF in the LD group were found to be significantly higher than those in the Non-LD group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The expression levels of IL-6, IL-8, and PLGF are elevated in the vitreous fluid of eyes with RRD accompanied by LD.

Citation： Yu Jun, Yao Jin, Yang Nan, Luan Jie. Expression profiles of cytokines in vitreous humor in lattice degeneration. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2024, 40(4): 281-286. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20230731-00325 Copy

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5.	Batsos G, Christodoulou E, Christou E, et al. Vitreous inflammatory and angiogenic factors on patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema: the role of Lipocalin2[J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2022, 22(1): 496. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02733-z.
6.	Chen L, Zhang W, Xie P, et al. Comparisons of vitreal angiogenic, inflammatory, profibrotic cytokines, and chemokines profile between patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2021, 2021: 9947250[2021-07-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34336263/. DOI: 10.1155/2021/9947250.
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9.	Rao RM, Yang L, Garcia-Cardena G, et al. Endothelial-dependent mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment to the vascular wall[J]. Circ Res, 2007, 101(3): 234-247. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.151860b.
10.	Manjunath V, Taha M, Fujimoto JG, et al. Posterior lattice degeneration characterized by spectral domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(3): 492-496. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181ed8dc9.
11.	Cheung R, Ly A, Katalinic P, et al. Visualisation of peripheral retinal degenerations and anomalies with ocular imaging[J]. Semin Ophthalmol, 2022, 37(5): 554-582. DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2039222.
12.	Sato K, Tsunakawa N, Inaba K, et al. Fluorescein angiography on retinal detachment and lattice degeneration. I. Equatorial degeneration with idiopathic retinal detachment[J]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi, 1971, 75: 635-642.
13.	Provis JM. Development of the primate retinal vasculature[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2001, 20(6): 799-821. DOI: 10.1016/s1350-9462(01)00012-x.
14.	Andrés-Blasco I, Gallego-Martínez A, Machado X, et al. Oxidative stress, inflammatory, angiogenic, and apoptotic molecules in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema patients[J/OL]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(9): 8227[2023-05-04]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37175931/. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098227.
15.	Urbančič M, Petrovič D, Živin AM, et al. Correlations between vitreous cytokine levels and inflammatory cells in fibrovascular membranes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J]. Mol Vis, 2020, 26: 472-482.
16.	Saddala MS, Lennikov A, Huang H. Placental growth factor regulates the pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant defense systems in human retinal endothelial cells[J/OL]. J Proteomics, 2020, 217: 103682[2020-02-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32058040/. DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103682.
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18.	Okazaki S, Meguro A, Ideta R, et al. Common variants in the COL2A1 gene are associated with lattice degeneration of the retina in a Japanese population[J]. Mol Vis, 2019, 25: 843-850.

1. Flaxel CJ, Adelman RA, Bailey ST, et al. Posterior vitreous detachment, retinal breaks, and lattice degeneration preferred practice pattern^®[J]. Ophthalmology, 2020, 127(1): 146-181. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.09.027.
2. Li Z, Guo C, Nie D, et al. A deep learning system for identifying lattice degeneration and retinal breaks using ultra-widefield fundus images[J]. Ann Transl Med, 2019, 7(22): 618. DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.11.28.
3. Lewis H. Peripheral retinal degenerations and the risk of retinal detachment[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2003, 136(1): 155-160. DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(03)00144-2.
4. Conart JB, Augustin S, Remen T, et al. Vitreous cytokine expression profiles in patients with retinal detachment[J]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 2021, 44(9): 1349-1357. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2021.04.007.
5. Batsos G, Christodoulou E, Christou E, et al. Vitreous inflammatory and angiogenic factors on patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or diabetic macular edema: the role of Lipocalin2[J]. BMC Ophthalmol, 2022, 22(1): 496. DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02733-z.
6. Chen L, Zhang W, Xie P, et al. Comparisons of vitreal angiogenic, inflammatory, profibrotic cytokines, and chemokines profile between patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2021, 2021: 9947250[2021-07-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34336263/. DOI: 10.1155/2021/9947250.
7. Prasad M, Xu J, Agranat JS, et al. Upregulation of neuroinflammatory protein biomarkers in acute rhegmatogenous retinal detachments[J]. Life (Basel), 2023, 13(1): 118. DOI: 10.3390/life13010118.
8. Öhman T, Gawriyski L, Miettinen S, et al. Molecular pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment[J]. Sci Rep, 2021, 11(1): 966. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80005-w.
9. Rao RM, Yang L, Garcia-Cardena G, et al. Endothelial-dependent mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment to the vascular wall[J]. Circ Res, 2007, 101(3): 234-247. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.151860b.
10. Manjunath V, Taha M, Fujimoto JG, et al. Posterior lattice degeneration characterized by spectral domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(3): 492-496. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181ed8dc9.
11. Cheung R, Ly A, Katalinic P, et al. Visualisation of peripheral retinal degenerations and anomalies with ocular imaging[J]. Semin Ophthalmol, 2022, 37(5): 554-582. DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2039222.
12. Sato K, Tsunakawa N, Inaba K, et al. Fluorescein angiography on retinal detachment and lattice degeneration. I. Equatorial degeneration with idiopathic retinal detachment[J]. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi, 1971, 75: 635-642.
13. Provis JM. Development of the primate retinal vasculature[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2001, 20(6): 799-821. DOI: 10.1016/s1350-9462(01)00012-x.
14. Andrés-Blasco I, Gallego-Martínez A, Machado X, et al. Oxidative stress, inflammatory, angiogenic, and apoptotic molecules in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema patients[J/OL]. Int J Mol Sci, 2023, 24(9): 8227[2023-05-04]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37175931/. DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098227.
15. Urbančič M, Petrovič D, Živin AM, et al. Correlations between vitreous cytokine levels and inflammatory cells in fibrovascular membranes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J]. Mol Vis, 2020, 26: 472-482.
16. Saddala MS, Lennikov A, Huang H. Placental growth factor regulates the pentose phosphate pathway and antioxidant defense systems in human retinal endothelial cells[J/OL]. J Proteomics, 2020, 217: 103682[2020-02-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32058040/. DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103682.
17. Byer NE. Lattice degeneration of the retina[J]. Surv Ophthalmol, 1979, 23(4): 213-248. DOI: 10.1016/0039-6257(79)90048-1.
18. Okazaki S, Meguro A, Ideta R, et al. Common variants in the COL2A1 gene are associated with lattice degeneration of the retina in a Japanese population[J]. Mol Vis, 2019, 25: 843-850.

Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Expression profiles of cytokines in vitreous humor in lattice degeneration

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