Research on characteristics of brain functional network in stroke patients during convalescent period under transcranial direct current stimulation_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

LIU Mengmeng ^1,2 ,  XU Guizhi ^1,2 ,  YU Hongli ^1,2 , WANG Chunfang ³ , SUN Changcheng ³ , GUO Lei ^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China;
2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetic Technology and Intelligent Health, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China;
3. Rehabilitation Medical Department, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

XU Guizhi, Email: gzxu@hebut.edu.cn; YU Hongli, Email: yhlzyn@hebut.edu.cn

Keywords：

transcranial direct current stimulation; stroke; electroencephalogram; brain function network

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202010037

Video：

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technique. However, the rehabilitation effect of tDCS on stroke disease is unclear. In this paper, based on electroencephalogram (EEG) and complex network analysis methods, the effect of tDCS on brain function network of stroke patients during rehabilitation was investigated. The resting state EEG signals of 31 stroke rehabilitation patients were collected and divided into stimulation group (16 cases) and control group (15 cases). The Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated between the channels, brain functional network of two groups were constructed before and after stimulation, and five characteristic parameters were analyzed and compared such as node degree, clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global efficiency, and small world attribute. The results showed that node degree, clustering coefficient, global efficiency, and small world attributes of brain functional network in the tDCS group were significantly increased, characteristic path length was significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). It indicates that tDCS can improve the brain function network of stroke patients in rehabilitation period, and may provide theory and experimental basis for the application of tDCS in stroke rehabilitation treatment.

Citation： LIU Mengmeng, XU Guizhi, YU Hongli, WANG Chunfang, SUN Changcheng, GUO Lei. Research on characteristics of brain functional network in stroke patients during convalescent period under transcranial direct current stimulation. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2021, 38(3): 498-506, 511. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202010037 Copy

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2.	吴宏健, 李莉娜, 李龙, 等. 脑卒中后手功能康复机器人综合干预研究进展. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2019, 36(1): 151-156.
3.	王萌亚, 王仲朋, 陈龙, 等. 卒中后运动神经反馈康复训练研究进展与前景. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2019, 38(6): 742-752.
4.	Raz J L, Soroker N, Friedman J, et al. Effect of tDCS on reaching kinematics in subacute stroke patients. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2018, 61: 36-37.
5.	杨冬菊, 王玉平. 经颅直流电刺激技术及临床应用进展. 脑与神经疾病杂志, 2016, 24(3): 192-195.
6.	Fregni F, Boggio P S, Mansur C G, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation of the unaffected hemisphere in stroke patients. Neuroreport, 2005, 16(14): 1551-1555.
7.	Pavlova E, Semenov R V, Guekht A B. Comparison of one-session anodal tDCS effects on fine motor control in subacute and chronic stroke patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2019, 405(S): 2-3.
8.	Elsner B, Kugler J, Pohl M, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in patients with aphasia after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015, 6(5): CD009760.
9.	Di Lazzaro V, Dileone M, Capone F, et al. Immediate and late modulation of interhemipheric imbalance with bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation in acute stroke. Brain Stimul, 2014, 7(6): 841-848.
10.	Tedesco T L, Burridge J H, Hughes A M, et al. Multiple sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation and upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke: a review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2016, 127(1): 946-955.
11.	尹宁, 徐桂芝†, 周茜. 磁刺激穴位复杂脑功能网络构建与分析. 物理学报, 2013, 62(11): 561-568.
12.	van den Heuvel M P, Hulshoff P H. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2010, 20(8): 519-534.
13.	于洪丽, 徐桂芝, 付灵弟, 等. 基于脑电图的不同频率磁刺激内关穴脑网络分析. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2016, 35(6): 749-753.
14.	Friston K J. Functional and effective connectivity in neuroimaging: a synthesis. Hum Brain Mapp, 1994, 2(1-2): 56-78.
15.	Foresta F L, Morabito F C, Marino S, et al. High-density EEG signal processing based on active-source reconstruction for brain network analysis in Alzheimer's disease. Electronics (Basel), 2019, 8(9): 1-14.
16.	Jin M, Zhang Z, Bai Z, et al. Timing-dependent interaction effects of tDCS with mirror therapy on upper extremity motor recovery in patients with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Neurol Sci, 2019, 405: 116436.
17.	Ochi M, Saeki S, Oda T, et al. Effects of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation combined with robotic therapy on severely affected arms in chronic stroke patients. J Rehabil Med, 2013, 45(2): 137-140.
18.	Zhang Ziqing, Sun Shu, Yi Ming, et al. MIC as an appropriate method to construct the brain functional network. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015(1): 825136.
19.	龙雨涵, 王彬, 薛洁, 等. 非线性脑区相关性分析及动态脑网络构建方法. 信号处理, 2018, 34(8): 963-973.
20.	Albert R, Barabasi A L. Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Review of Modern Physics, 2001, 74(1): 47-97.
21.	梁夏, 王金辉, 贺永. 人脑连接组研究: 脑结构网络和脑功能网络. 科学通报, 2010, 55(16): 1565-1583.
22.	Zhang Xuejun, Wang Longqiang, Ding Yuhan, et al. Brain network analysis of schizophrenia based on the functional connectivity. Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2019, 28(3): 535-541.
23.	张天恒, 王磊, 郭苗苗, 等. 虚拟现实视觉体验对脑功能网络的影响. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2020, 37(2): 251-261.
24.	Watts D J, Strogatz S H. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature, 1998, 393(6684): 440-442.
25.	Friston K J, Frith C D, Liddle P F, et al. Functional connectivity: the principal-component analysis of large (PET) data sets. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 1993, 13(1): 5-14.
26.	Desowska A, Turner D L. Dynamics of brain connectivity after stroke. Rev Neurosci, 2019, 30(6): 605-623.
27.	Guggisberg A G, Koch P J, Hummel F C, et al. Brain networks and their relevance for stroke rehabilitation. Clin Neurophysiol, 2019, 130(7): 1098-1124.
28.	Pellegrino G, Maran M, Turco C, et al. Bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation reshapes resting-state brain networks: a magnetoencephalography assessment. Neural Plast, 2018, 2018: 2782804.
29.	Fleming M K, Rothwell J C, Sztriha L, et al. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor sequence learning and upper limb function after stroke. Clin Neurophysiol, 2017, 128(7): 1389-1398.
30.	Lee D G, Lee D Y. Effects of adjustment of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor function of the upper extremity in stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 2015, 27(11): 3511-3513.

1. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin E J, Go A S, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2016 update: a report from the American heart association. Circulation, 2016, 133(4): e38-e48.
2. 吴宏健, 李莉娜, 李龙, 等. 脑卒中后手功能康复机器人综合干预研究进展. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2019, 36(1): 151-156.
3. 王萌亚, 王仲朋, 陈龙, 等. 卒中后运动神经反馈康复训练研究进展与前景. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2019, 38(6): 742-752.
4. Raz J L, Soroker N, Friedman J, et al. Effect of tDCS on reaching kinematics in subacute stroke patients. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2018, 61: 36-37.
5. 杨冬菊, 王玉平. 经颅直流电刺激技术及临床应用进展. 脑与神经疾病杂志, 2016, 24(3): 192-195.
6. Fregni F, Boggio P S, Mansur C G, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation of the unaffected hemisphere in stroke patients. Neuroreport, 2005, 16(14): 1551-1555.
7. Pavlova E, Semenov R V, Guekht A B. Comparison of one-session anodal tDCS effects on fine motor control in subacute and chronic stroke patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 2019, 405(S): 2-3.
8. Elsner B, Kugler J, Pohl M, et al. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for improving aphasia in patients with aphasia after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2015, 6(5): CD009760.
9. Di Lazzaro V, Dileone M, Capone F, et al. Immediate and late modulation of interhemipheric imbalance with bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation in acute stroke. Brain Stimul, 2014, 7(6): 841-848.
10. Tedesco T L, Burridge J H, Hughes A M, et al. Multiple sessions of transcranial direct current stimulation and upper extremity rehabilitation in stroke: a review and meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol, 2016, 127(1): 946-955.
11. 尹宁, 徐桂芝†, 周茜. 磁刺激穴位复杂脑功能网络构建与分析. 物理学报, 2013, 62(11): 561-568.
12. van den Heuvel M P, Hulshoff P H. Exploring the brain network: a review on resting-state fMRI functional connectivity. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2010, 20(8): 519-534.
13. 于洪丽, 徐桂芝, 付灵弟, 等. 基于脑电图的不同频率磁刺激内关穴脑网络分析. 中国生物医学工程学报, 2016, 35(6): 749-753.
14. Friston K J. Functional and effective connectivity in neuroimaging: a synthesis. Hum Brain Mapp, 1994, 2(1-2): 56-78.
15. Foresta F L, Morabito F C, Marino S, et al. High-density EEG signal processing based on active-source reconstruction for brain network analysis in Alzheimer's disease. Electronics (Basel), 2019, 8(9): 1-14.
16. Jin M, Zhang Z, Bai Z, et al. Timing-dependent interaction effects of tDCS with mirror therapy on upper extremity motor recovery in patients with chronic stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Neurol Sci, 2019, 405: 116436.
17. Ochi M, Saeki S, Oda T, et al. Effects of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation combined with robotic therapy on severely affected arms in chronic stroke patients. J Rehabil Med, 2013, 45(2): 137-140.
18. Zhang Ziqing, Sun Shu, Yi Ming, et al. MIC as an appropriate method to construct the brain functional network. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015(1): 825136.
19. 龙雨涵, 王彬, 薛洁, 等. 非线性脑区相关性分析及动态脑网络构建方法. 信号处理, 2018, 34(8): 963-973.
20. Albert R, Barabasi A L. Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Review of Modern Physics, 2001, 74(1): 47-97.
21. 梁夏, 王金辉, 贺永. 人脑连接组研究: 脑结构网络和脑功能网络. 科学通报, 2010, 55(16): 1565-1583.
22. Zhang Xuejun, Wang Longqiang, Ding Yuhan, et al. Brain network analysis of schizophrenia based on the functional connectivity. Chinese Journal of Electronics, 2019, 28(3): 535-541.
23. 张天恒, 王磊, 郭苗苗, 等. 虚拟现实视觉体验对脑功能网络的影响. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2020, 37(2): 251-261.
24. Watts D J, Strogatz S H. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature, 1998, 393(6684): 440-442.
25. Friston K J, Frith C D, Liddle P F, et al. Functional connectivity: the principal-component analysis of large (PET) data sets. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 1993, 13(1): 5-14.
26. Desowska A, Turner D L. Dynamics of brain connectivity after stroke. Rev Neurosci, 2019, 30(6): 605-623.
27. Guggisberg A G, Koch P J, Hummel F C, et al. Brain networks and their relevance for stroke rehabilitation. Clin Neurophysiol, 2019, 130(7): 1098-1124.
28. Pellegrino G, Maran M, Turco C, et al. Bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation reshapes resting-state brain networks: a magnetoencephalography assessment. Neural Plast, 2018, 2018: 2782804.
29. Fleming M K, Rothwell J C, Sztriha L, et al. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor sequence learning and upper limb function after stroke. Clin Neurophysiol, 2017, 128(7): 1389-1398.
30. Lee D G, Lee D Y. Effects of adjustment of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor function of the upper extremity in stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci, 2015, 27(11): 3511-3513.

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