Relationships between grip strength, monthly household income level, and depression in community-dwelling elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

YANG Lei ¹ ,  WU Dongmei ²

1. School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, P. R. China;
2. Nursing Department, the Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610036, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

WU Dongmei, Email: wudongmei_2001@163.com

Keywords：

Hand grip strength; Depression; Monthly household income; Community-dwelling elderly women; Type 2 diabetes

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202106212

Video：

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Objective To explore the relationship between hand grip strength and depression and the moderating role of monthly household income level between grip strength and depression of community-dwelling female patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods From March to June 2021, 3 communities in Chengdu were selected by convenience sampling method, and elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from these communities. The patients were investigated through a self-made demographic and disease-related questionnaire and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and their grip strength was measured by a grip meter. The Process V3.3 plugin in SPSS 25.0 software was used to test the moderation effect.Results A total of 389 elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. Spearman correlation analyses indicated that the grip strength was negatively correlated with the depression score (r_s=−0.125, P=0.014), and positively correlated with the monthly household income level (r_s=0.157, P=0.002); the depression score was negatively correlated with the monthly household income level (r_s=−0.147, P=0.004). The results of the moderating effect showed that grip strength and monthly household income level could independently affect the patients’ depression scores [unstandardized partial regression coefficient (b)=−0.254, P=0.002; b=−1.552, P=0.009], and the interaction item of grip strength and monthly household income level was statistically significant for depression scores (b=0.065, P=0.031).Conclusion The hand grip strength of community-dwelling elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes can negatively predict the level of depression, and the monthly household income level has a moderating effect between grip strength and depression.

Citation： YANG Lei, WU Dongmei. Relationships between grip strength, monthly household income level, and depression in community-dwelling elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes. West China Medical Journal, 2021, 36(7): 877-881. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202106212 Copy

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16.	Reisberg B, Ferris SH. Diagnosis and assessment of the older patient. Hosp Community Psychiatry, 1982, 33(2): 104-110.
17.	陈玲玲, 曾慧. 简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)在老年抑郁评估中的应用现状. 当代护士(下旬刊), 2017(12): 13-16.
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19.	康琪, 吕跃斌, 魏源, 等. 中国8个长寿地区65岁及以上老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(1): 20-24.
20.	杨展, 陈饶, 胡晓, 等. 中国城乡老年人抑郁症状及其影响因素差异的分析. 中华流行病学杂志, 2017, 38(8): 1088-1093.
21.	McNeely EL, Sachdev R, Rahman R, et al. Associations of depression and sociodemographic characteristics with patient activation among those presenting for spine surgery. J Orthop, 2021, 18(26): 8-13.
22.	Bertoni M, Maggi S, Manzato E, et al. Depressive symptoms and muscle weakness: a two-way relation?. Exp Gerontol, 2018, 108: 87-91.
23.	Veronese N, Stubbs B, Trevisan C, et al. Poor physical performance predicts future onset of depression in elderly people: progetto Veneto Anziani longitudinal study. Phys Ther, 2017, 97: 659-668.
24.	Pasco JA, Williams LJ, Jacka FN, et al. Sarcopenia and the common mental disorders: a potential regulatory role of skeletal muscle on brain function?. Curr Osteoporos, 2015, 13: 351-357.
25.	Stenholm S, Sallinen J, Koster A, et al. Association between obesity history and hand grip strength in older adults-exploring the roles of inflammation and insulin resistance as mediating factors. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2011, 66: 341-348.
26.	Ehsan AM, De Silva MJ. Social capital and common mental disorder: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2015, 69(10): 1021-1028.

1. Valiengo LC, Stella F, Forlenza OV. Mood disorders in the elderly: prevalence, functional impact, and management challenges. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat, 2016, 12: 2105-2114.
2. Lohman M, Dumenci L, Mezuk B. Depression and frailty in late life: evidence for a common vulnerability. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 2016, 71(4): 630-640.
3. Smith L, White S, Stubbs B, et al. Depressive symptoms, handgrip strength, and weight status in US older adults. J Affect Disord, 2018, 238: 305-310.
4. Makizako H, Shimada H, Doi T, et al. Physical frailty predicts incident depressive symptoms in elderly people: prospective findings from the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2015, 16(3): 194-199.
5. Khaledi M, Haghighatdoost F, Feizi A, et al. The prevalence of comorbid depression in patients with type 2 diabetes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on huge number of observational studies. Acta Diabetol, 2019, 56(6): 631-650.
6. Wang F, Wang S, Zong QQ, et al. Prevalence of comorbid major depressive disorder in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of comparative and epidemiological studies. Diabet Med, 2019, 36(8): 961-969.
7. Roberts HC, Denison HJ, Martin HJ, et al. A review of the measurement of grip strength in clinical and epidemiological studies: towards a standardised approach. Age Ageing, 2011, 40(4): 423-429.
8. Batsis JA, Mackenzie TA, Barre LK, et al. Sarcopenic obesity and mortality in older adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2014, 68: 1001-1007.
9. Drescher C, Konishi M, Ebner N, et al. Loss of muscle mass: current developments in cachexia and sarcopenia focused on biomarkers and treatment. J Cachexi Sarcopenia Muscle, 2015, 6: 303-311.
10. Thorpe RJ, Simonsick E, Zonderman A, et al. Association between race, household income and grip strength in middle- and older-aged adults. Ethn Dis, 2016, 26: 493-500.
11. Fukumori N, Yamamoto Y, Takegami M, et al. Association between hand-grip strength and depressive symptoms: Locomotive Syndrome and Health Outcomes in Aizu Cohort Study (LOHAS). Age Ageing, 2015, 44: 592-598.
12. WHO. Classification of diabetes mellitus. (2019-04-21)[2021-07-05]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/classification-of-diabetes-mellitus.
13. 成都市人民政府. 成都市人民政府关于提高最低生活保障标准的通知. (2020-07-10) [2021-07-09]. http://www.cdwh.gov.cn/wuhou/c141844/2020-12/18/content_9600a737269c49d5bbec1e9381a1c773.shtml.
14. 成都市民政局. 成都市城乡低收入家庭认定暂行办法. (2010-10-01)[2021-07-09]. http://gk.chengdu.gov.cn/govInfoPub/detail.action?id=34948&tn=6.
15. Han KM, Chang J, Yoon HK, et al. Relationships between hand-grip strength, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. J Affect Disord, 2019, 252: 263-270.
16. Reisberg B, Ferris SH. Diagnosis and assessment of the older patient. Hosp Community Psychiatry, 1982, 33(2): 104-110.
17. 陈玲玲, 曾慧. 简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)在老年抑郁评估中的应用现状. 当代护士(下旬刊), 2017(12): 13-16.
18. Hayes AF, Rockwood NJ. Conditional process analysis: concepts, computation, and advances in the modeling of the contingencies of mechanisms. Am Behav Sci, 2019, 64: 19-54.
19. 康琪, 吕跃斌, 魏源, 等. 中国8个长寿地区65岁及以上老年人抑郁症状影响因素分析. 中华流行病学杂志, 2020, 41(1): 20-24.
20. 杨展, 陈饶, 胡晓, 等. 中国城乡老年人抑郁症状及其影响因素差异的分析. 中华流行病学杂志, 2017, 38(8): 1088-1093.
21. McNeely EL, Sachdev R, Rahman R, et al. Associations of depression and sociodemographic characteristics with patient activation among those presenting for spine surgery. J Orthop, 2021, 18(26): 8-13.
22. Bertoni M, Maggi S, Manzato E, et al. Depressive symptoms and muscle weakness: a two-way relation?. Exp Gerontol, 2018, 108: 87-91.
23. Veronese N, Stubbs B, Trevisan C, et al. Poor physical performance predicts future onset of depression in elderly people: progetto Veneto Anziani longitudinal study. Phys Ther, 2017, 97: 659-668.
24. Pasco JA, Williams LJ, Jacka FN, et al. Sarcopenia and the common mental disorders: a potential regulatory role of skeletal muscle on brain function?. Curr Osteoporos, 2015, 13: 351-357.
25. Stenholm S, Sallinen J, Koster A, et al. Association between obesity history and hand grip strength in older adults-exploring the roles of inflammation and insulin resistance as mediating factors. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2011, 66: 341-348.
26. Ehsan AM, De Silva MJ. Social capital and common mental disorder: a systematic review. J Epidemiol Community Health, 2015, 69(10): 1021-1028.

West China Medical Journal

Relationships between grip strength, monthly household income level, and depression in community-dwelling elderly female patients with type 2 diabetes

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