Te Relationship between Plasma Lysyl Oxidase Level and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation with Mitral Valvular Disease_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

QIANYong-jun ¹ , LUOTong-xing ² , LIUYin ² ,  XIAOXi-jun ¹

1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;
2. Division of Experimental Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

XIAOXi-jun, Email: hxxijunxiao@sina.com

Keywords：

Atrial fibrillation; Mitral valvular disease; Cross-linking; Lysyl oxidase

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.20150279

Video：

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Objective To investigate whether lysyl oxidase(LOX) has significant relation to persistent atrial fibrillation(AF) with mitral valvular diseases. Methods We included 184 consecutive lone mitral valvular disease patients who needed surgery in our hospital between March 2012 and February 2014. Patients who had persistent AF formed the AF group, and those who still kept sinus rhythm(SR) comprised the SR group. In the AF group, patients were separated into two groups by the subgroup of mitral valvular disease(mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation), then formed a MS+AF group and a MR+AF group. There were 97 patients with 44 males and 53 females at age of 52.76±11.35 years in the AF group and 90 patients with 48 males and 42 females at age of 47.95±14.22 years in the SR group. Blood specimens were obtained from patients for the first time peripheral venous blood after admitted to hospital. LOX levels were measured by ELISA test kits of LOX. Results AF was diagnosed in 51.87%(97/187) of lone mitral valvular disease patients. Mitral stenosis patients were easy to have AF(60.31% vs. 34.43%, P<0.05). The plasma level of LOX was significantly higher in the AF group than that in the SR group(73.78±25.42 IU/L vs. 51.05±18.96 IU/L，P<0.05). In the AF group, the LOX level in the mitral stenosis group was higher than that in the mitral regurgitation group(84.21±32.15 IU/L vs. 59.74±35.21 IU/L， P<0.05). Mitral stenosis patients more frequently had a history of stroke than mitral regurgitation patients did. AF correlated significantly with the level of LOX(r=0.124， P=0.036) and left atrial dimension(r=0.531，P=0.042). Conclusion We validate and extend the hypothesis that increasing LOX level predicts an increasing risk of AF in mitral valvular diseases. Lysine oxidase is a potential diagnostic biomarker for AF. It is expressed significantly in mitral stenosis patients with AF especially.

Citation： QIANYong-jun, LUOTong-xing, LIUYin, XIAOXi-jun. Te Relationship between Plasma Lysyl Oxidase Level and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation with Mitral Valvular Disease. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2015, 22(12): 1117-1121. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20150279 Copy

1.	Roshanali F, Mandegar MH, Yousefnia MA, et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting via atrial electromechanical interval and use of amiodarone prophylaxis. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg, 2009, 8(4):421-425.
2.	Gillinov AM, Gelijns AC, Parides MK, et al. Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation during mitral-valve surgery. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(15):1399-1409.
3.	Ausma J, Van der Velden HM, Lenders MH, et al. Reverse structural and gap-junctional remodeling AFter prolonged atrial fibrillation in the goat. Circulation, 2003, 107(15):2051-2058.
4.	Qian YJ, Meng J, Tang H, et al. Different structural remodelling in atrial fibrillation with different types of mitral valvular diseases. Europace, 2010, 12(3):371-377.
5.	Engebretsen KV, Lunde IG, Strand ME, et al. Lumican is increased in experimental and clinical heart failure, and its production by cardiac fibroblasts is induced by mechanical and proinflammatory stimuli. FEBS J, 2013, 280(10):2382-2398.
6.	Qian YJ, Huanzhang S, Wenxia Z, et al. From changes in local RAAS to structural remodeling of the left atrium:A beautiful cycle in atrial fibrillation. Herz, 2015, 40(3):514-520.
7.	Prystowsky EN, Padanilam BJ, Fogel RI. Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA, 2015, 314(3):278-288.
8.	Kim BJ, Hwang SJ, Sung KC, et al. Assessment of factors AFfecting plasma BNP levels in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular systolic function. Int J Cardiol, 2007, 118(2):145-150.
9.	Roy D, Paillard F, Cassidy D, et al. Atrial natriuretic factor during atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1987, 9(3):509-514.
10.	Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Bhatt DL, Calabrese LH. Recent advances in vascular inflammation:C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2004, 16(1):18-24.
11.	Miragoli M, Glukhov AV. Atrial fibrillation and fibrosis:beyond the Cardiomyocyte Centric View. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015:798768. Published online 2015 July 1. doi:10.1155/2015/798768.
12.	Prockop DJ, Kivirikko KI. Collagens:molecular biology, diseases, and potentials for therapy. Annu Rev Biochem, 1995, 64:403-434.
13.	Reiser K, McCormick RJ, Rucker RB. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic cross-linking of collagen and elastin. FASEB J, 1992, 6(7):2439-2449.
14.	Grau-Bové X, Ruiz-Trillo I, Rodriguez-Pascual F. Origin and evolution of lysyl oxidases. Sci Rep, 2015, 5:10568. doi:10.1038/srep10568.
15.	Nave AH, Mižíková I, Niess G, et al. Lysyl oxidases play a causal role in vascular remodeling in clinical and experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2014, 34(7):1446-1458.
16.	Ding Z, Liu S, Deng X, et al. Hemodynamic shear stress modulates endothelial cell autophagy:Role of LOX-1. Int J Cardiol, 2015,184:86-95.

1. Roshanali F, Mandegar MH, Yousefnia MA, et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting via atrial electromechanical interval and use of amiodarone prophylaxis. Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg, 2009, 8(4):421-425.
2. Gillinov AM, Gelijns AC, Parides MK, et al. Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation during mitral-valve surgery. N Engl J Med, 2015, 372(15):1399-1409.
3. Ausma J, Van der Velden HM, Lenders MH, et al. Reverse structural and gap-junctional remodeling AFter prolonged atrial fibrillation in the goat. Circulation, 2003, 107(15):2051-2058.
4. Qian YJ, Meng J, Tang H, et al. Different structural remodelling in atrial fibrillation with different types of mitral valvular diseases. Europace, 2010, 12(3):371-377.
5. Engebretsen KV, Lunde IG, Strand ME, et al. Lumican is increased in experimental and clinical heart failure, and its production by cardiac fibroblasts is induced by mechanical and proinflammatory stimuli. FEBS J, 2013, 280(10):2382-2398.
6. Qian YJ, Huanzhang S, Wenxia Z, et al. From changes in local RAAS to structural remodeling of the left atrium:A beautiful cycle in atrial fibrillation. Herz, 2015, 40(3):514-520.
7. Prystowsky EN, Padanilam BJ, Fogel RI. Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA, 2015, 314(3):278-288.
8. Kim BJ, Hwang SJ, Sung KC, et al. Assessment of factors AFfecting plasma BNP levels in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular systolic function. Int J Cardiol, 2007, 118(2):145-150.
9. Roy D, Paillard F, Cassidy D, et al. Atrial natriuretic factor during atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia. J Am Coll Cardiol, 1987, 9(3):509-514.
10. Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Bhatt DL, Calabrese LH. Recent advances in vascular inflammation:C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers. Curr Opin Rheumatol, 2004, 16(1):18-24.
11. Miragoli M, Glukhov AV. Atrial fibrillation and fibrosis:beyond the Cardiomyocyte Centric View. Biomed Res Int, 2015, 2015:798768. Published online 2015 July 1. doi:10.1155/2015/798768.
12. Prockop DJ, Kivirikko KI. Collagens:molecular biology, diseases, and potentials for therapy. Annu Rev Biochem, 1995, 64:403-434.
13. Reiser K, McCormick RJ, Rucker RB. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic cross-linking of collagen and elastin. FASEB J, 1992, 6(7):2439-2449.
14. Grau-Bové X, Ruiz-Trillo I, Rodriguez-Pascual F. Origin and evolution of lysyl oxidases. Sci Rep, 2015, 5:10568. doi:10.1038/srep10568.
15. Nave AH, Mižíková I, Niess G, et al. Lysyl oxidases play a causal role in vascular remodeling in clinical and experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 2014, 34(7):1446-1458.
16. Ding Z, Liu S, Deng X, et al. Hemodynamic shear stress modulates endothelial cell autophagy:Role of LOX-1. Int J Cardiol, 2015,184:86-95.

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Te Relationship between Plasma Lysyl Oxidase Level and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation with Mitral Valvular Disease

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