Application the Huaxi intelligent Endoscopic Skill Training and Assessment System in minimally invasive surgery skills training: A cohort study_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

WANG Jinghan ^1,2 , HUANG Yuchen ^1,2 , ZHOU Jian ¹ ,  LIAO Hu ¹ ,  LIU Lunxu ¹

1. Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China;
2. .West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

LIAO Hu, Email: lunxu_liu@aliyun.com; LIU Lunxu, Email: liaotiger_198653@163.com

Keywords：

Endoscope; Minimally Invasive Surgery; Skill Training; Huaxi Intelligent Endoscopic Skill Training and Assessment System

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202505003

Video：

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Objective To evaluate the application of the Huaxi Intelligent Endoscopic Skill Training and Assessment System in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) skills training and provide insights for optimizing MIS training models, we analyze trainee performance during training and assessment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the use of this system across 28 medical institutions from January 2022 to January 2025. Results By January 2025, the standardized deployment of 139 simulation units had been completed. A total of 403 trainees from various surgical specialties, including thoracic surgery and general surgery, participated in five customized endoscopic skill training modules: endoscopic recognition, grasping training, positioning and placement, cutting training, and suturing training. Throughout the training period, a total of 78 participants took part in 27 formal assessments. Correlation analysis based on Spearman showed that pre-assessment training pass rates were significantly correlated with final assessment scores, indicating enhancing the quality of each training module and overall training efficacy is a key to improving the effectiveness of MIS training. Conclusion The Huaxi Intelligent Endoscopic Skill Training and Assessment System effectively supports MIS training and evaluation.

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2.	St John A, Caturegli I, Kubicki NS, et al. The rise of minimally invasive surgery: 16 year analysis of the progressive replacement of open surgery with laparoscopy. JSLS, 2020, 24(4): e2020.00042.
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11.	邓建华, 吴海坤, 李薇, 等. 北京协和医院基于SMART原则的泌尿外科专科腔镜规范化培训的经验总结. 中国医学科学院学报, 2023, 45(1): 88-91.Guo C, Liu L, Lin C, et al. Exploration and practice of a progressive training system for operative skills in postdoctoral clinical surgery. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2023, 45(1): 88-91.
12.	Willis RE, Curry E, Gomez PP. Practice schedules for surgical skills: the role of task characteristics and proactive interference on psychomotor skills acquisition. J Surg Educ, 2013, 70(6): 789-795.
13.	Sinitsky DM, Fernando B, Berlingieri P. Establishing a curriculum for the acquisition of laparoscopic psychomotor skills in the virtual reality environment. Am J Surg, 2012, 204(3): 381-385.
14.	Burghgraef TA, Sikkenk DJ, Verheijen PM, et al. The learning curve of laparoscopic, robot-assisted and transanal total mesorectal excisions: a systematic review. Surg Endosc, 2022, 36(9): 6337-6360.
15.	Thinggaard E, Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, et al. Ensuring competency of novice laparoscopic surgeons-exploring standard setting methods and their consequences. J Surg Educ, 2016, 73(6): 986-991.
16.	Thinggaard E, Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, et al. Validity of a cross-specialty test in basic laparoscopic techniques (TABLT). Br J Surg, 2015, 102(9): 1106-1113.

1. Fuchs KH. Minimally invasive surgery. Endoscopy, 2002, 34(2): 154-159.
2. St John A, Caturegli I, Kubicki NS, et al. The rise of minimally invasive surgery: 16 year analysis of the progressive replacement of open surgery with laparoscopy. JSLS, 2020, 24(4): e2020.00042.
3. Vannucci F, Gonzalez-Rivas D. Is VATS lobectomy standard of care for operable non-small cell lung cancer? Lung Cancer, 2016, 100: 114-119.
4. Pietersen PI, Hertz P, Olsen RG, et al. Transfer of skills between laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgery: a systematic review. Surg Endosc, 2023, 37(12): 9030-9042.
5. 周健, 廖虎, 郑权, 等. 腔镜模拟培训和考核研究现状分析与探讨. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2024, 31(5): 667-671.Zhou J, Liao H, Zheng Q, et al. Analysis and discussion of the research status of thoracoscopic and laparoscopicsimulation training and assessment. Chin J Thoracic Cardiovasc Surg, 2024, 31(5): 667-671.
6. 廖虎, 蒲丹, 陈楠, 等. 华西智能化腔镜技能训练及考核系统的构建. 四川大学学报(医学版), 2018, 49(5): 776-780.Liao H, Pu D, Chen N, et al. The development of Huaxi Intelligent endoscopic skill training and assessment system. J Sichuan University (Med Sci Edi). 2018, 49(5): 776-780.
7. Zhou J, Liao H, Lin Z, et al. A new basic thoracoscopic surgical skill training and assessment system using automatic scoring techniques. Surg Endosc, 2022, 36(5): 3076-3086.
8. Chen X, Liao P, Liu S, et al. Effect of virtual reality training to enhance laparoscopic assistance skills. BMC Med Educ, 2024, 24(1): 29.
9. Villegas L, Schneider BE, Callery MP, et al. Laparoscopic skills training. Surg Endosc, 2003, 17(12): 1879-1888.
10. Higgins RM, Turbati MS, Goldblatt MI. Preparing for and passing the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery (FLS) exam improves general surgery resident operative performance and autonomy. Surg Endosc, 2023, 37(8): 6438-6444.
11. 邓建华, 吴海坤, 李薇, 等. 北京协和医院基于SMART原则的泌尿外科专科腔镜规范化培训的经验总结. 中国医学科学院学报, 2023, 45(1): 88-91.Guo C, Liu L, Lin C, et al. Exploration and practice of a progressive training system for operative skills in postdoctoral clinical surgery. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2023, 45(1): 88-91.
12. Willis RE, Curry E, Gomez PP. Practice schedules for surgical skills: the role of task characteristics and proactive interference on psychomotor skills acquisition. J Surg Educ, 2013, 70(6): 789-795.
13. Sinitsky DM, Fernando B, Berlingieri P. Establishing a curriculum for the acquisition of laparoscopic psychomotor skills in the virtual reality environment. Am J Surg, 2012, 204(3): 381-385.
14. Burghgraef TA, Sikkenk DJ, Verheijen PM, et al. The learning curve of laparoscopic, robot-assisted and transanal total mesorectal excisions: a systematic review. Surg Endosc, 2022, 36(9): 6337-6360.
15. Thinggaard E, Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, et al. Ensuring competency of novice laparoscopic surgeons-exploring standard setting methods and their consequences. J Surg Educ, 2016, 73(6): 986-991.
16. Thinggaard E, Bjerrum F, Strandbygaard J, et al. Validity of a cross-specialty test in basic laparoscopic techniques (TABLT). Br J Surg, 2015, 102(9): 1106-1113.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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