| 1. | Ursi P, Santoro A, Gemini A, et al. Comparison of outcomes following intersphincteric resection vs low anterior resection for low rectal cancer: a systematic review. G Chir, 2018, 39(3): 123-142. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 2. | Rutkowski A, Nowacki MP, Chwalinski M, et al. Acceptance of a 5-mm distal bowel resection margin for rectal cancer: is it safe? Colorectal Dis, 2012, 14(1): 71-78. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 3. | 孙曦羽, 牛备战, 周皎琳, 等. 腹腔镜改良Bacon术用于经肛全直肠系膜切除手术8例疗效分析. 中国实用外科杂志, 2019, 39(7): 716-718. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 4. | 马君俊, 洪希周, 臧潞, 等. 头侧中间入路与传统中间入路腹腔镜直肠癌根治术疗效分析. 中华消化外科杂志, 2016, 15(8): 780-784. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 5. | 张斌, 卓光鑽, 田雷, 等. 腹腔镜低位直肠癌经括约肌间切除术后吻合口狭窄危险因素分析. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2019, 22(8): 755-761. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 6. | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会《中国结直肠癌诊疗规范(年版)》专家组. 中国结直肠癌诊疗规范(2017年版). 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(1): 3-23. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 7. | Jorge JM, Wexner SD. Etiology and management of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum, 1993, 36(1): 77-97. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 8. | 周彤, 李利发. 低位直肠癌保肛手术的研究现状和展望. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2019, 26(2): 236-240. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 9. | Schiessel R, Karner-Hanusch J, Herbst F, et al. Intersphincteric resection for low rectal tumours. Br J Surg, 1994, 81(9): 1376-1378. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 10. | 汪建平. 低位直肠癌术式选择及评价. 中国实用外科杂志, 2017, 37(6): 593-595. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 11. | Koyama M, Murata A, Sakamoto Y, et al. Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after intersphincteric resection without a protective defunctioning stoma for lower rectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol, 2016, 23 Suppl 2: S249-S256. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 12. | 张展志, 肖萌萌, 李雁, 等. 腹腔镜直肠癌保肛手术后吻合口瘘的危险因素与对策. 中华肿瘤防治杂志, 2016, 23(1): 40-44. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 13. | 张斌, 刘泉龙, 赵玉涓, 等. 腹腔镜低位直肠癌部分、次全和完全经括约肌间切除术式的肿瘤学结果及肛门功能比较. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2017, 20(8): 904-909. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 14. | Martin ST, Heneghan HM, Winter DC. Systematic review of outcomes after intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer. Br J Surg, 2012, 99(5): 603-612. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 15. | 刘坤, 赵任. 预防性造口在中低位直肠癌保肛手术的应用. 中国实用外科杂志, 2014, 34(9): 903-905. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 16. | 中国NOSES联盟, 中国医师协会结直肠肿瘤专业委员会NOSES专委会. 结直肠肿瘤经自然腔道取标本手术专家共识(2019版). 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2019, 8(4): 336-342. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 17. | 刘琪, 李心翔. 结直肠吻合技术的演变与展望. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2018, 21(4): 470-475. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 18. | Tanaka K, Okuda J, Yamamoto S, et al. Risk factors for anastomotic leakage after laparoscopic surgery with the double stapling technique for stage 0/Ⅰ rectal carcinoma: a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, single-arm phase Ⅱ trial. Surg Today, 2017, 47(10): 1215-1222. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 19. | 叶颖江, 高志冬, 王杉. 低位直肠癌保肛手术中吻合器械应用及其评价. 中国实用外科杂志, 2014, 34(9): 841-844. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 20. | Zhang X, Wu Q, Hu T, et al. Laparoscopic versus conventional open surgery in intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A, 2018, 28(2): 189-200. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 21. | 丁健华, 张斌. 低位直肠癌经括约肌间保肛手术应用现状. 世界华人消化杂志, 2016, 24(26): 3764-3771. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 22. | 张斌, 赵克, 刘泉龙, 等. 低位直肠癌腹腔镜经括约肌间切除术后并发症及其处理. 中华胃肠外科杂志, 2017, 20(4): 432-438. |