| 1. | 王金荣, 高攀, 郭淑芬, 等. ICU患者医院感染的死亡危险因素分析: 2009年至2015年864例病例回顾. 中华危重病急救医学, 2016, 28(8): 704-708. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 2. | 2中华医学会重症医学分会. 机械通气临床应用指南(2006). 中国危重病急救医学, 2007, 19(2): 65-72. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 3. | Plummer AL, Gracey DR. Consensus conference on artificial airways in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Chest, 1989, 96(1): 178-180. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 4. | Donatelli J, Gupta A, Santhosh R,  et al. To breathe or not to breathe: a review of artificial airway placement and related complications. Emerg Radiol, 2015, 22(2): 171-179. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 5. | Terragni PP, Antonelli M, Fumagalli R,  et al. Early  vs late tracheotomy for prevention of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA, 2010, 303(15): 1483-1489. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 6. | Rumbak MJ, Newton M, Truncale T,  et al. A prospective, randomized, study comparing early percutaneous dilational tracheotomy to prolonged translaryngeal intubation (delayed tracheotomy) in critically ill medical patients. Crit Care Med, 2004, 32(8): 1689-1694. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 7. | Whited RE. A prospective study of laryngotracheal sequelae in long-term intubation. Laryngoscope, 1984, 94(3): 367-377. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 8. | 罗柔, 谭建龙, 刘志光. 气管插管或切开后气管狭窄的危险因素分析. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2021, 20(5): 330-334. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 9. | Carlson J, Mayrose J, Krause R,  et al. Extubation force: tape versus endotracheal tube holders. Ann Emerg Med, 2007, 50(6): 686-691. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 10. | Gomaa D, Branson RD. Endotracheal tube holders and the prone position: a cause for concern. Respir Care, 2015, 60(2): e41-e42. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 11. | Hedberg P, Eklund C, Högqvist S. Identification of a very high cuff pressure by manual palpation of the external cuff balloon on an endotracheal tube. AANA J, 2015, 83(3): 179-182. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 12. | Wujtewicz MA, Sawicka W, Owczuk R,  et al. Tracheal tube cuff pressure depends on the anaesthesiologist's experience. A follow-up study. Anestezjol Intens Ter, 2009, 41(4): 205-208. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 13. | 尹万红, 王波, 康焰, 等. 重症加强治疗病房内气管插管分析. 中国呼吸与危重监护杂志, 2010, 9(4): 413-415. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 14. | De JongA, Molinari N, Conseil M,  et al. Video laryngoscopy versus direct laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med, 2014, 40(5): 629-639. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 15. | Higgs A, McGrath BA, Goddard C,  et al. Guidelines for the management of tracheal intubation in critically ill adults. Br J Anaesth, 2018, 120(2): 323-352. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 16. | 于布为, 吴新民, 左明章, 等. 困难气道管理指南. 临床麻醉学杂志, 2013, 29(1): 93-98. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 17. | Wen Z, Zhang H, Ding J,  et al. Continuous versus intermittent subglottic secretion drainage to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review. Crit Care Nurse, 2017, 37(5): e10-e17. | 
				                                                        
				                                                            
				                                                                | 18. | 栾玲芹, 虎磐, 刘超, 等. 间歇声门下吸引预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的Meta分析和试验序贯分析. 中华医院感染学杂志, 2017, 27(18): 4131-4135. |