PROGRESS IN SOFT TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION OF ADULT-ACQUIRED FLATFOOT DEFORMITY_Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

Authors：

WEI Shijun ¹ , CAI Xianhua ¹ , YU Guangrong ²

1Department of Orthopaedics, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan Hubei, 430070, P.R.China;;
2Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University. Corresponding author: CAI Xianhua, E-mail: wgcaixh@163.com;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Adult-acquired flatfoot deformity; Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction; Soft tissue reconstruction

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To review the progress in clinical and biomechanical study on soft tissue reconstruction of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD). Methods The recent original articles of soft tissue repair and tendon transfer for AAFD were extensively reviewed. Results The soft tissue procedures for AAFD can be divided into two components: static restoration of medial column stability and dynamic reconstruction of the posterior tibial tendon. The most important static structure to be repaired for AAFD is the spring ligament. On the other hand, various methods can be used for dynamic reconstruction. The flexor digitorum longus transfer is widely used, but results of biomechanical studies do not support the advantage of this method. For patients having normal function of the posterior tibial muscle, the Cobb procedure may be more suitable. Conclusion The soft tissue reconstruction procedures of AAFD should be chosen individually based on the stage and type of the deformity.

Citation： WEI Shijun,CAI Xianhua,YU Guangrong. PROGRESS IN SOFT TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION OF ADULT-ACQUIRED FLATFOOT DEFORMITY. Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, 2012, 26(10): 1259-1262. doi: Copy

1.	Pedowitz WJ, Kovatis P. Flatfoot in the adult. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 1995, 3(5): 293-302.
2.	Brodsky JW. Preliminary gait analysis results after posterior tibial tendon reconstruction: a prospective study. Foot Ankle Int, 2004, 25(2): 96-100.
3.	Deland JT, de Asla RJ, Sung IH, et al. Posterior tibial tendon insufficiency: which ligaments are involved? Foot Ankle Int, 2005, 26(6): 427-435.
4.	Jacobs AM. Soft tissue procedures for the stabilization of medial arch pathology in the management of flexible flatfoot deformity. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 2007, 24(4): 657-665, vii-viii.
5.	McGlamry EAS. McGlamry’s comprehensive textbook of foot and ankle surgery. 3rd ed. Chicago: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001: 883-886.
6.	Mann RA. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle. 7th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1999: 733-767.
7.	Sitler DF, Bell SJ. Soft tissue procedures. Foot Ankle Clin, 2003, 8(3): 503-520.
8.	Thordarson DB, Schmotzer H, Chon J. Reconstruction with tenodesis in an adult flatfoot model. A biomechanical evaluation of four methods. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1995, 77(10): 1557-1564.
9.	Choi K, Lee S, Otis JC, et al. Anatomical reconstruction of the spring ligament using peroneus longus tendon graft. Foot Ankle Int, 2003, 24(5): 430-436.
10.	Williams BR, Ellis SJ, Deyer TW, et al. Reconstruction of the spring ligament using a peroneus longus autograft tendon transfer. Foot Ankle Int, 2010, 31(7): 567-577.
11.	DiPaola M, Raikin SM. Tendon transfers and realignment osteotomies for treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Foot Ankle Clin, 2007, 12(2): 273-285, vi.
12.	Dragonetti L, Ingraffia C, Stellari F. The Young tenosuspension in the treatment of abnormal pronation of the foot. J Foot Ankle Surg, 1997, 36(6): 409-413.
13.	el-Tayeby HM. The severe flexible flatfoot: a combined reconstructive procedure with rerouting of the tibialis anterior tendon. J Foot Ankle Surg, 1999, 38(1): 41-49.
14.	Mann RA. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Treatment by flexor digitorum longus transfer. Foot Ankle Clin, 2001, 6(1): 77-87, vi.
15.	Guyton GP, Jeng C, Krieger LE, et al. Flexor digitorum longus transfer and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a middle-term clinical follow-up. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(8): 627-632.
16.	Myerson MS, Badekas A, Schon LC. Treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon deficiency with flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer and calcaneal osteotomy. Foot Ankle Int, 2004, 25(7): 445-450.
17.	Niki H, Ching RP, Kiser P, et al. The effect of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction on hindfoot kinematics. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(4): 292-300.
18.	Kitaoka HB, Luo ZP, An KN. Reconstruction operations for acquired flatfoot: biomechanical evaluation. Foot Ankle Int, 1998, 19(4): 203-207.
19.	Hui HE, Beals TC, Brown NA. Influence of tendon transfer site on moment arms of the flexor digitorum longus muscle. Foot Ankle Int, 2007, 28(4): 441-447.
20.	Silver RL, de la Garza J, Rang M. The myth of muscle balance. A study of relative strengths and excursions of normal muscles about the foot and ankle. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 1985, 67(3): 432-437.
21.	Sammarco GJ, Hockenbury RT. Treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction with flexor hallucis longus transfer and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(4): 305-312.
22.	Helal B. Cobb repair for tibialis posterior tendon rupture. J Foot Surg, 1990, 29(4): 349-352.
23.	Baravarian B, Zgonis T, Lowery C. Use of the Cobb procedure in the treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 2002, 19(3): 371-389.
24.	Knupp M, Hintermann B. The Cobb procedure for treatment of acquired flatfoot deformity associated with stage II insufficiency of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle Int, 2007, 28(4): 416-421.
25.	Parsons S, Naim S, Richards PJ, et al. Correction and prevention of deformity in type II tibialis posterior dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2010, 468(4): 1025-1032.

1. Pedowitz WJ, Kovatis P. Flatfoot in the adult. J Am Acad Orthop Surg, 1995, 3(5): 293-302.
2. Brodsky JW. Preliminary gait analysis results after posterior tibial tendon reconstruction: a prospective study. Foot Ankle Int, 2004, 25(2): 96-100.
3. Deland JT, de Asla RJ, Sung IH, et al. Posterior tibial tendon insufficiency: which ligaments are involved? Foot Ankle Int, 2005, 26(6): 427-435.
4. Jacobs AM. Soft tissue procedures for the stabilization of medial arch pathology in the management of flexible flatfoot deformity. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 2007, 24(4): 657-665, vii-viii.
5. McGlamry EAS. McGlamry’s comprehensive textbook of foot and ankle surgery. 3rd ed. Chicago: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001: 883-886.
6. Mann RA. Surgery of the Foot and Ankle. 7th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1999: 733-767.
7. Sitler DF, Bell SJ. Soft tissue procedures. Foot Ankle Clin, 2003, 8(3): 503-520.
8. Thordarson DB, Schmotzer H, Chon J. Reconstruction with tenodesis in an adult flatfoot model. A biomechanical evaluation of four methods. J Bone Joint Surg (Am), 1995, 77(10): 1557-1564.
9. Choi K, Lee S, Otis JC, et al. Anatomical reconstruction of the spring ligament using peroneus longus tendon graft. Foot Ankle Int, 2003, 24(5): 430-436.
10. Williams BR, Ellis SJ, Deyer TW, et al. Reconstruction of the spring ligament using a peroneus longus autograft tendon transfer. Foot Ankle Int, 2010, 31(7): 567-577.
11. DiPaola M, Raikin SM. Tendon transfers and realignment osteotomies for treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Foot Ankle Clin, 2007, 12(2): 273-285, vi.
12. Dragonetti L, Ingraffia C, Stellari F. The Young tenosuspension in the treatment of abnormal pronation of the foot. J Foot Ankle Surg, 1997, 36(6): 409-413.
13. el-Tayeby HM. The severe flexible flatfoot: a combined reconstructive procedure with rerouting of the tibialis anterior tendon. J Foot Ankle Surg, 1999, 38(1): 41-49.
14. Mann RA. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Treatment by flexor digitorum longus transfer. Foot Ankle Clin, 2001, 6(1): 77-87, vi.
15. Guyton GP, Jeng C, Krieger LE, et al. Flexor digitorum longus transfer and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a middle-term clinical follow-up. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(8): 627-632.
16. Myerson MS, Badekas A, Schon LC. Treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon deficiency with flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer and calcaneal osteotomy. Foot Ankle Int, 2004, 25(7): 445-450.
17. Niki H, Ching RP, Kiser P, et al. The effect of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction on hindfoot kinematics. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(4): 292-300.
18. Kitaoka HB, Luo ZP, An KN. Reconstruction operations for acquired flatfoot: biomechanical evaluation. Foot Ankle Int, 1998, 19(4): 203-207.
19. Hui HE, Beals TC, Brown NA. Influence of tendon transfer site on moment arms of the flexor digitorum longus muscle. Foot Ankle Int, 2007, 28(4): 441-447.
20. Silver RL, de la Garza J, Rang M. The myth of muscle balance. A study of relative strengths and excursions of normal muscles about the foot and ankle. J Bone Joint Surg (Br), 1985, 67(3): 432-437.
21. Sammarco GJ, Hockenbury RT. Treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction with flexor hallucis longus transfer and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy. Foot Ankle Int, 2001, 22(4): 305-312.
22. Helal B. Cobb repair for tibialis posterior tendon rupture. J Foot Surg, 1990, 29(4): 349-352.
23. Baravarian B, Zgonis T, Lowery C. Use of the Cobb procedure in the treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Clin Podiatr Med Surg, 2002, 19(3): 371-389.
24. Knupp M, Hintermann B. The Cobb procedure for treatment of acquired flatfoot deformity associated with stage II insufficiency of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle Int, 2007, 28(4): 416-421.
25. Parsons S, Naim S, Richards PJ, et al. Correction and prevention of deformity in type II tibialis posterior dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2010, 468(4): 1025-1032.

Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery

PROGRESS IN SOFT TISSUE RECONSTRUCTION OF ADULT-ACQUIRED FLATFOOT DEFORMITY

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Format

Content