- * Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada§§ Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
Citation： Gordon Guyatt MScM,D. Evidence-Based Decision-Making is Individualized Clinical Decision-Making. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2007, 07(2): 85-92. doi: Copy
Copyright © the editorial department of Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine of West China Medical Publisher. All rights reserved
| 1. | Watanabe CT, Maynard C, Ritchie JL. Comparison of short-term outcomes following coronary artery stenting in men versus women. Am J Cardiol, 2001, 88(8): 848-852. |
| 2. | Lansky AJ, Pietras C, Costa RA, et al. Gender differences in outcomes after primary angioplasty versus primary stenting with and without abciximab for acute myocardial infarction: results of the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial. Circulation, 2005, 111(13): 1611-1618. |
| 3. | Adu FD, Akinwolere OA, Tomori O, et al. Low seroconversion rates to measles vaccine among children in Nigeria. Bull World Health Organ, 1992, 70(4): 457-460. |
| 4. | Leontiadis GI, Sharma VK, Howden CW. Systematic review and meta-analysis: enhanced efficacy of proton-pump inhibitor therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding in Asia--a post hoc analysis from the Cochrane Collaboration. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2005, 21(9): 1055-1061. |
| 5. | Villari P, Manzoli L, Boccia A. Methodological quality of studies and patient age as major sources of variation in efficacy estimates of influenza vaccination in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Vaccine, 2004, 22(25-26): 3475-3486. |
| 6. | Trock BJ, Leonessa F, Clarke R. Multidrug resistance in breast cancer: a meta-analysis of MDR1/gp170 expression and its possible functional significance. J Natl Cancer Inst, 1997, 89(13): 917-931. |
| 7. | Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet, 2004, 364(9438): 937-952. |
| 8. | Barnett HJ, Eliasziw M, Meldrum HE, et al. Do the facts and figures warrant a 10-fold increase in the performance of carotid endarterectomy on asymptomatic patients? Neurology, 1996, 46(3): 603-608. |
| 9. | Tu JV, Hannan EL, Anderson GM, et al. The fall and rise of carotid endarterectomy in the United States and Canada. N Engl J Med, 1998, 339(20): 1441-1447. |
| 10. | Gersh, B.O., LH., Antithrombotic agents: platelet inhibitors, anticoagulants and fibrinolytics. 3rd ed. Drugs for the Heart, ed. e. In: Opie LH. 1991, Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co. |
| 11. | Sheridan S, Pignone M, Mulrow C. Framingham-based tools to calculate the global risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review of tools for clinicians. J Gen Intern Med, 2003, 18(12): 1039-1052. |
| 12. | Keys, A., Seven countries: a multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. 1980, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. |
| 13. | Tuomilehto J, Kuulasmaa K. WHO MONICA Project: assessing CHD mortality and morbidity. Int J Epidemiol, 1989, 18(3 Suppl 1): S38-45. |
| 14. | Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic Trial (ECST). Lancet, 351(9113): 1379-1387. |
| 15. | Pocock SJ, Hughes MD, Lee RJ. Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. A survey of three medical journals. N Engl J Med, 1987, 317(7):426-432. |
| 16. | Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH. Systematic review on the risk and benefit of different cholesterol-lowering interventions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1999, 19(2):187-195. |
| 17. | Schmid CH, Lau J, McIntosh MW, et al. An empirical study of the effect of the control rate as a predictor of treatment efficacy in meta-analysis of clinical trials. Stat Med, 1998, 17(17): 1923-1942. |
| 18. | Furukawa TA, Guyatt GH, Griffith LE. Can we individualize the ’number needed to treat’? An empirical study of summary effect measures in meta-analyses. Int J Epidemiol, 2002, 31(1): 72-76. |
| 19. | Deeks JJ. Issues in the selection of a summary statistic for meta-analysis of clinical trials with binary outcomes. Stat Med, 2002, 21(11): 1575-1600. |
| 20. | Counsell CE, Clarke MJ, Slattery J, et al. The miracle of DICE therapy for acute stroke: fact or fictional product of subgroup analysis? BMJ, 1994, 309(6970): 1677-1681. |
| 21. | Rothwell PM. Treating individuals 2. Subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation. Lancet, 2005, 365(9454): 176-186. |
| 22. | The Canadian Cooperative Study Group. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in threatened stroke. N Engl J Med, 1978, 299(2): 53-59. |
| 23. | Fields WS, Lemak NA, Frankowski RF, et al. Controlled trial of aspirin in cerebral ischemia. Stroke, 1977, 8(3): 301-314. |
| 24. | Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy--I: Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients. BMJ, 1994, 308(6921): 81-106. |
| 25. | Anastos K, Charney P, Charon RA, et al. Hypertension in women; what is really known. Ann Intern Med, 1991, 115: 287-293. |
| 26. | Medical Research Council Working Party. MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985, 291(6488): 97-104. |
| 27. | Gueyffier F, Boutitie F, Boissel JP, et al. Effect of antihypertensive drug treatment on cardiovascular outcomes in women and men. A meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomized, controlled trials. The INDANA Investigators. Ann Intern Med, 1997, 126(10): 761-767. |
| 28. | Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P, et al. Influence of antihypertensive drug treatment on morbidity and mortality in patients over the age of 60 years. European Working Party on High blood pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE) results: sub-group analysis on entry stratification. J Hypertens Suppl, 1986, 4(6): S642-S647. |
| 29. | Gueyffier F, Bulpitt C, Boissel JP, et al. Antihypertensive drugs in very old people: a subgroup meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. INDANA Group. Lancet, 1999, 353(9155): 793-796. |
| 30. | Cleland JG, Bulpitt CJ, Falk RH, et al. Is aspirin safe for patients with heart failure? Br Heart J. 1995, 74(3): 215-219. |
| 31. | Flather MD, Yusuf S, Kober L, et al. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. Lancet, 2000,355: 1575-1581. |
| 32. | Andersen MP, Bechsgaard P, Frederiksen J, et al. Effect of alprenolol on mortality among patients with definite or suspected acute myocardial infarction. Preliminary results. Lancet, 1979, 2(8148): 865-868. |
| 33. | Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, et al. Beta-blockade during and after acute myocardial infarction-an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 1985, 27: 335-371. |
| 34. | Reduction in mortality after myocardial infarction with long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Multicentre international study: supplementary report. Br Med J, 1977, 2(6084): 419-421. |
| 35. | Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell’Infarto Miocardico (GISSI). Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet, 1986, 1(8478): 397-402. |
| 36. | ISIS-2CollaborativeGroup. Randomised trial of IV streptokinase, oral aspirin, both or, neither among 17187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet, 1988, 2: 349-360. |
| 37. | Fibrinolytic Therapy Trialists’ (FTT) Collaborative Group. Indications for fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction: collaborative overview of early mortality and major morbidity results from all randomised trials of more than 1000 patients. Lancet, 1994, 343(8893): 311-322. |
| 38. | Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women. N Engl J Med, 1988, 319(26): 1681-1162. |
| 39. | EarlyBreastCancerTrialists’CollaborativeGroup. Tamoxifen for early breast cancer. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2001. Issue 1. |
| 40. | Barnett HJ, Taylor DW, Eliasziw M, et al. Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med,1998, 339(20): 1415-1425. |
| 41. | Taylor DW, Barnett HJ, Haynes RB, et al. Low-dose and high-dose acetylsalicylic acid for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomised controlled trial. ASA and Carotid Endarterectomy (ACE) Trial Collaborators. Lancet, 1999, 353(9171): 2179-2184. |
| 42. | Packer M, O’connor CM, Ghali JK, et al. Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. Pro-spective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group (PRAIDE). N Eng J Med, 1996, 335(15): 1107-1114. |
| 43. | Wijeysundera HC, Hansen MS, Stanton E, et al. Neurohormones and oxidative stress in nonischemic cardiomyopathy: relationship to survival and the effect of treatment with amlodipine. Am Heart J, 2003, 146(2): 291-297. |
| 44. | Dhainaut JF, Tenaillon A, Le Tulzo Y, et al. Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BN 52021 in the treatment of severe sepsis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. BN 52021 Sepsis Study Group. Crit Care Med. 1994, 22(11): 1720-1728. |
| 45. | Dhainaut JF, Tenaillon A, Hemmer M, et al. Confirmatory platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist trial in patients with severe gram-negative bacterial sepsis: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. BN 52021 Sepsis Investigator Group. Crit Care Med, 1998, 26(12):1963-1971. |
| 46. | Weisberg LA. The efficacy and safety of ticlopidine and aspirin in non-whites: analysis of a patient subgroup from the Ticlopidine Aspirin Stroke Study. Neurology, 1993, 43(1): 27-31. |
| 47. | Gorelick PB, Richardson D, Kelly M, et al. African American Antiplatelet Stroke Prevention Study Investigators. Aspirin and ticlopidine for prevention of recurrent stroke in black patients: a randomized trial. JAMA, 2003,289(22):2947-2957. |
| 48. | Cohn JN, Tognoni G; Valsartan Heart Failure Trial Investigators. A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med, 2001, 345(23):1667-1675. |
| 49. | McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet, 2003, 362(9386): 767-71. |
| 50. | Wing LM, Reid CM, Ryan P, et al. A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting--enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med, 348(7): 583-592. |
| 51. | Cranney A, et al, A meta-analysis of alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. JAMA, InPress. |
| 52. | Guyatt GH, Haynes RB, Jaeschke RZ, et al. Users’Guides to the Medical Literature: XXV. Evidence-based medicine: principles for applying the Users’ Guides to patient care. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA, 2000. 284(10): 1290-1296. |
| 53. | O’Connor AM, Legare F, Stacey D. Risk communication in practice: the contribution of decision aids. BMJ, 2003, 327(7417): 736-740. |
| 54. | Whelan TJ, Loprinzi C. Physician/patient decision aids for adjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol, 2005, 23(8):1627-1630. |
- 1. Watanabe CT, Maynard C, Ritchie JL. Comparison of short-term outcomes following coronary artery stenting in men versus women. Am J Cardiol, 2001, 88(8): 848-852.
- 2. Lansky AJ, Pietras C, Costa RA, et al. Gender differences in outcomes after primary angioplasty versus primary stenting with and without abciximab for acute myocardial infarction: results of the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial. Circulation, 2005, 111(13): 1611-1618.
- 3. Adu FD, Akinwolere OA, Tomori O, et al. Low seroconversion rates to measles vaccine among children in Nigeria. Bull World Health Organ, 1992, 70(4): 457-460.
- 4. Leontiadis GI, Sharma VK, Howden CW. Systematic review and meta-analysis: enhanced efficacy of proton-pump inhibitor therapy for peptic ulcer bleeding in Asia--a post hoc analysis from the Cochrane Collaboration. Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2005, 21(9): 1055-1061.
- 5. Villari P, Manzoli L, Boccia A. Methodological quality of studies and patient age as major sources of variation in efficacy estimates of influenza vaccination in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Vaccine, 2004, 22(25-26): 3475-3486.
- 6. Trock BJ, Leonessa F, Clarke R. Multidrug resistance in breast cancer: a meta-analysis of MDR1/gp170 expression and its possible functional significance. J Natl Cancer Inst, 1997, 89(13): 917-931.
- 7. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet, 2004, 364(9438): 937-952.
- 8. Barnett HJ, Eliasziw M, Meldrum HE, et al. Do the facts and figures warrant a 10-fold increase in the performance of carotid endarterectomy on asymptomatic patients? Neurology, 1996, 46(3): 603-608.
- 9. Tu JV, Hannan EL, Anderson GM, et al. The fall and rise of carotid endarterectomy in the United States and Canada. N Engl J Med, 1998, 339(20): 1441-1447.
- 10. Gersh, B.O., LH., Antithrombotic agents: platelet inhibitors, anticoagulants and fibrinolytics. 3rd ed. Drugs for the Heart, ed. e. In: Opie LH. 1991, Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co.
- 11. Sheridan S, Pignone M, Mulrow C. Framingham-based tools to calculate the global risk of coronary heart disease: a systematic review of tools for clinicians. J Gen Intern Med, 2003, 18(12): 1039-1052.
- 12. Keys, A., Seven countries: a multivariate analysis of death and coronary heart disease. 1980, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
- 13. Tuomilehto J, Kuulasmaa K. WHO MONICA Project: assessing CHD mortality and morbidity. Int J Epidemiol, 1989, 18(3 Suppl 1): S38-45.
- 14. Randomised trial of endarterectomy for recently symptomatic Trial (ECST). Lancet, 351(9113): 1379-1387.
- 15. Pocock SJ, Hughes MD, Lee RJ. Statistical problems in the reporting of clinical trials. A survey of three medical journals. N Engl J Med, 1987, 317(7):426-432.
- 16. Bucher HC, Griffith LE, Guyatt GH. Systematic review on the risk and benefit of different cholesterol-lowering interventions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 1999, 19(2):187-195.
- 17. Schmid CH, Lau J, McIntosh MW, et al. An empirical study of the effect of the control rate as a predictor of treatment efficacy in meta-analysis of clinical trials. Stat Med, 1998, 17(17): 1923-1942.
- 18. Furukawa TA, Guyatt GH, Griffith LE. Can we individualize the ’number needed to treat’? An empirical study of summary effect measures in meta-analyses. Int J Epidemiol, 2002, 31(1): 72-76.
- 19. Deeks JJ. Issues in the selection of a summary statistic for meta-analysis of clinical trials with binary outcomes. Stat Med, 2002, 21(11): 1575-1600.
- 20. Counsell CE, Clarke MJ, Slattery J, et al. The miracle of DICE therapy for acute stroke: fact or fictional product of subgroup analysis? BMJ, 1994, 309(6970): 1677-1681.
- 21. Rothwell PM. Treating individuals 2. Subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials: importance, indications, and interpretation. Lancet, 2005, 365(9454): 176-186.
- 22. The Canadian Cooperative Study Group. A randomized trial of aspirin and sulfinpyrazone in threatened stroke. N Engl J Med, 1978, 299(2): 53-59.
- 23. Fields WS, Lemak NA, Frankowski RF, et al. Controlled trial of aspirin in cerebral ischemia. Stroke, 1977, 8(3): 301-314.
- 24. Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration. Collaborative overview of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy--I: Prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke by prolonged antiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients. BMJ, 1994, 308(6921): 81-106.
- 25. Anastos K, Charney P, Charon RA, et al. Hypertension in women; what is really known. Ann Intern Med, 1991, 115: 287-293.
- 26. Medical Research Council Working Party. MRC trial of treatment of mild hypertension: principal results. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985, 291(6488): 97-104.
- 27. Gueyffier F, Boutitie F, Boissel JP, et al. Effect of antihypertensive drug treatment on cardiovascular outcomes in women and men. A meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomized, controlled trials. The INDANA Investigators. Ann Intern Med, 1997, 126(10): 761-767.
- 28. Amery A, Birkenhager W, Brixko P, et al. Influence of antihypertensive drug treatment on morbidity and mortality in patients over the age of 60 years. European Working Party on High blood pressure in the Elderly (EWPHE) results: sub-group analysis on entry stratification. J Hypertens Suppl, 1986, 4(6): S642-S647.
- 29. Gueyffier F, Bulpitt C, Boissel JP, et al. Antihypertensive drugs in very old people: a subgroup meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. INDANA Group. Lancet, 1999, 353(9155): 793-796.
- 30. Cleland JG, Bulpitt CJ, Falk RH, et al. Is aspirin safe for patients with heart failure? Br Heart J. 1995, 74(3): 215-219.
- 31. Flather MD, Yusuf S, Kober L, et al. Long-term ACE-inhibitor therapy in patients with heart failure or left-ventricular dysfunction: a systematic overview of data from individual patients. Lancet, 2000,355: 1575-1581.
- 32. Andersen MP, Bechsgaard P, Frederiksen J, et al. Effect of alprenolol on mortality among patients with definite or suspected acute myocardial infarction. Preliminary results. Lancet, 1979, 2(8148): 865-868.
- 33. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, et al. Beta-blockade during and after acute myocardial infarction-an overview of the randomized trials. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 1985, 27: 335-371.
- 34. Reduction in mortality after myocardial infarction with long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade. Multicentre international study: supplementary report. Br Med J, 1977, 2(6084): 419-421.
- 35. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Streptochinasi nell’Infarto Miocardico (GISSI). Effectiveness of intravenous thrombolytic treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet, 1986, 1(8478): 397-402.
- 36. ISIS-2CollaborativeGroup. Randomised trial of IV streptokinase, oral aspirin, both or, neither among 17187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet, 1988, 2: 349-360.
- 37. Fibrinolytic Therapy Trialists’ (FTT) Collaborative Group. Indications for fibrinolytic therapy in suspected acute myocardial infarction: collaborative overview of early mortality and major morbidity results from all randomised trials of more than 1000 patients. Lancet, 1994, 343(8893): 311-322.
- 38. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women. N Engl J Med, 1988, 319(26): 1681-1162.
- 39. EarlyBreastCancerTrialists’CollaborativeGroup. Tamoxifen for early breast cancer. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2001. Issue 1.
- 40. Barnett HJ, Taylor DW, Eliasziw M, et al. Benefit of carotid endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. N Engl J Med,1998, 339(20): 1415-1425.
- 41. Taylor DW, Barnett HJ, Haynes RB, et al. Low-dose and high-dose acetylsalicylic acid for patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy: a randomised controlled trial. ASA and Carotid Endarterectomy (ACE) Trial Collaborators. Lancet, 1999, 353(9171): 2179-2184.
- 42. Packer M, O’connor CM, Ghali JK, et al. Effect of amlodipine on morbidity and mortality in severe chronic heart failure. Pro-spective Randomized Amlodipine Survival Evaluation Study Group (PRAIDE). N Eng J Med, 1996, 335(15): 1107-1114.
- 43. Wijeysundera HC, Hansen MS, Stanton E, et al. Neurohormones and oxidative stress in nonischemic cardiomyopathy: relationship to survival and the effect of treatment with amlodipine. Am Heart J, 2003, 146(2): 291-297.
- 44. Dhainaut JF, Tenaillon A, Le Tulzo Y, et al. Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BN 52021 in the treatment of severe sepsis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. BN 52021 Sepsis Study Group. Crit Care Med. 1994, 22(11): 1720-1728.
- 45. Dhainaut JF, Tenaillon A, Hemmer M, et al. Confirmatory platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist trial in patients with severe gram-negative bacterial sepsis: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. BN 52021 Sepsis Investigator Group. Crit Care Med, 1998, 26(12):1963-1971.
- 46. Weisberg LA. The efficacy and safety of ticlopidine and aspirin in non-whites: analysis of a patient subgroup from the Ticlopidine Aspirin Stroke Study. Neurology, 1993, 43(1): 27-31.
- 47. Gorelick PB, Richardson D, Kelly M, et al. African American Antiplatelet Stroke Prevention Study Investigators. Aspirin and ticlopidine for prevention of recurrent stroke in black patients: a randomized trial. JAMA, 2003,289(22):2947-2957.
- 48. Cohn JN, Tognoni G; Valsartan Heart Failure Trial Investigators. A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med, 2001, 345(23):1667-1675.
- 49. McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet, 2003, 362(9386): 767-71.
- 50. Wing LM, Reid CM, Ryan P, et al. A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting--enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med, 348(7): 583-592.
- 51. Cranney A, et al, A meta-analysis of alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. JAMA, InPress.
- 52. Guyatt GH, Haynes RB, Jaeschke RZ, et al. Users’Guides to the Medical Literature: XXV. Evidence-based medicine: principles for applying the Users’ Guides to patient care. Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group. JAMA, 2000. 284(10): 1290-1296.
- 53. O’Connor AM, Legare F, Stacey D. Risk communication in practice: the contribution of decision aids. BMJ, 2003, 327(7417): 736-740.
- 54. Whelan TJ, Loprinzi C. Physician/patient decision aids for adjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol, 2005, 23(8):1627-1630.