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find Keyword "人工全髋关节置换" 167 results
  • 微创人工全髋关节置换术中股外侧皮神经损伤的临床解剖学研究

    【摘 要】 目的 观察微创人工全髋关节置换术中不同切口对股外侧皮神经的损伤情况。 方法 16个甲醛成年尸体全髋下肢标本,男12例,女4例。解剖股外侧皮神经,分别作标准外侧入路(standard lateral approach,SLA)和两种微创入路[前外侧入路(anterolateral approach,ALA)和后入路(posterior approach,PA)]切口,观察并计算3种切口对股外侧皮神经分支损伤的数量。 结果 与SLA组的(4.62 ± 1.25)支相比,微创切口ALA组及PA组对皮神经分支的损伤较少,分别为(0.56 ± 0.89)支及(3.50 ± 0.63)支,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000 0、P=0.003 2)。ALA组损伤皮神经较PA组更少(P=0.000 0)。 结论 微创人工全髋关节置换术中选择ALA能更好保护股外侧皮神经。

    Release date:2016-08-31 04:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤早期疗效

    目的 总结人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤的临床疗效。 方法 2000 年1 月- 2009 年6 月,采用广泛切除肿瘤后人工全髋关节置换术治疗17 例股骨近端骨肿瘤患者。男11 例,女6 例;年龄38 ~ 65 岁,平均52.6 岁。病程3 ~ 485 d,中位时间18 d。骨肉瘤2 例,软骨肉瘤2 例,骨转移性肿瘤3 例,骨巨细胞瘤6 例,动脉瘤样骨囊肿1 例,骨囊肿2 例,骨囊肿复发1 例。肿瘤大小范围为4 cm × 3 cm ~ 8 cm × 4 cm。 结果 患者手术时间100 ~ 180 min,平均138 min;术中输血量600 ~ 1 500 mL,平均923 mL;住院时间14 ~ 22 d,平均16.5 d。 术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、脱位、脂肪栓塞、深静脉血栓形成发生。17 例均获随访,随访时间11 ~ 60 个月,平均47.4 个月。3 例骨转移性肿瘤、1 例骨肉瘤于出院后11 ~ 37 个月因肿瘤肝、肺转移死亡。术后1 年存活的16 例根据Harris 评分标准评定关节功能:获优5 例,良8 例,中2 例,差1 例。X 线片均未见肿瘤复发、髋臼磨损、髋关节脱位、假体松动与假体周围骨折。 结论 人工全髋关节置换术治疗股骨近端骨肿瘤早期疗效满意,可以重建髋关节功能,肢体功能恢复快,并发症少。

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:41 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • RECONSTRUCTION MODE SELECTION OF ACETABULAR BONE DEFECT AND EFFECT ON ACETABULAR CUP POSITION IN CEMENTLESS TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

    ObjectiveTo investigate the reconstruction mode selection of acetabular bone defect and the effect on the acetabular cup position in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 78 patients (78 hips) with acetabular bone defect according to the selection criteria who underwent THA between February 2008 and February 2014. In 39 cases having acetabular posterosuperior bone defect with defect area less than 30%, impaction bone grafting was performed (group A); in 24 cases having acetabular posterosuperior bone defect with defect area of 30%-50%, structural bone or tantalum block grafting was performed (group B); in 10 cases having acetabular medial wall bone defect with defect area less than 30%, impaction bone grafting was performed (group C); and in 5 cases having acetabular medial wall bone defect with defect area of 30%-50%, titanium mesh combined with impaction bone grafting was performed (group D). There was no significant difference in gender, age, and side between groups A and B, and between groups C and D (P>0.05). The acetabular abduction angle, anteversion, the horizontal and vertical distances of actual and true rotation center after operation were compared. ResultsThe patients were followed up 7-25 months. Prosthesis loosening occurred in 2 cases of group A, sciatic nerve injury and hip joint dislocation in 1 case of group B, respectively. At immediate after operation and last follow-up, there was no significant differences in the horizontal or vertical distance of actual and the true rotation center between groups A and B (P>0.05); significant difference was found in the horizontal distance between groups C and D (P<0.05), but no significant difference in the vertical distance (P>0.05). Difference was statistically significant in the acetabular abduction angle and anteversion between groups A and B (P<0.05), but difference was not significant between groups C and D (P>0.05). ConclusionIn patients with acetabular posterosuperior bone defect, reconstruction methods will have effect on acetabular abduction and anteversion; early acetabulum prosthesis loosening may be associated with too large acetabular abduction angle and inappropriate reconstruction methods. In patients with acetabular medial wall bone defect, the vertical distances of rotation center will shift upward in varying degrees, and reconstruction methods have effect on the horizontal distances of rotation center.

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  • 人工全髋关节置换术治疗系统性红斑狼疮继发股骨头缺血性坏死五例

    目的 总结人工全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)治疗系统性红斑狼疮继发股骨头缺血性坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH)患者的手术注意事项及围手术期处理。 方法 2007 年3 月-2009 年4 月,对5 例系统性红斑狼疮继发ANFH 患者症状严重侧行THA 治疗。男1 例,女4 例;年龄46 ~ 58 岁。系统性红斑狼疮病程4 ~ 24 年,手术时均处于红斑狼疮静止期。双侧ANFH 根据Ficat 分期均为Ⅳ期,病程2 ~ 12 年。术前Har ris 评分为(30.8 ± 5.4)分。 结果 5 例均顺利完成手术,围手术期输血量为1 200 ~ 2 200 mL。术后出现切口皮肤变态反应性炎症、血肿形成、浅部感染、切口窦道形成各1 例,均经对症处理后愈合;1 例切口Ⅰ期愈合。3 例术后出现反复发热,经对症处理后症状消退。术后患者均获随访,随访时间6 ~ 30 个月,平均14.4 个月。髋关节术前症状均显著缓解。术后Harris 评分为(86.5 ± 3.8)分,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P lt; 0.001)。 结论 系统性红斑狼疮继发ANFH 患者行THA 术后并发症发生率较高,应注意准确掌握手术适应证,加强围手术期护理,以获得较好疗效。

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 一期人工全髋关节置换治疗髋臼骨折合并股骨头颈骨折

    目的  总结髋臼骨折切开复位内固定、一期人工全髋关节置换治疗髋臼骨折合并股骨头或颈骨折的临床疗效。  方法   2005 年 1 月- 2008 年 12 月,采用髋臼骨折切开复位内固定、一期人工全髋关节置换治疗髋臼骨折合并股骨头、颈骨折 6 例。男 5 例,女 1 例;年龄 45 ~ 65 岁。高处坠落伤 2 例,车祸伤 4 例。均为新鲜闭合骨折。受伤至入院时间为 2 h ~ 2 d。其中 2 例合并股骨颈头下型骨折,4 例合并髋关节后脱位及股骨头骨折,2 例合并颅脑损伤。   结 果  手术时间50~90 min,术中失血量400~800 mL,术中输压积红细胞2~4 U。术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染、血栓形成等并发症发生。5 例患者获随访,随访时间 9 ~ 36 个月,平均 20 个月。髋臼骨折于术后 8 ~ 16 周达骨性愈合,无感染及假体松动发生。末次随访髋关节功能根据 Harris 评分为 75 ~ 95 分,获优 1 例,良 2 例,中 2 例。  结论  一期髋臼骨折内固定、人工全髋关节置换治疗髋臼骨折脱位合并股骨头、颈骨折,可减少股骨头缺血性坏死、创伤性关节炎等并发症,避免二次手术,缩短住院时间。

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • EFFECT OF REFORMATIVE ACETABULAR CENTRALIZATION TECHNOLOGY ON LEG-LENGTH INEQUALITY IN TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY

    ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of acetabular centralization technology for correction of leg-length inequality in total hip arthroplasty (THA). MethodsBetween June 2001 and January 2012, 147 cases of abnormal acetabular center were treated. Of them, 68 cases underwent routine THA (control group), and 79 cases underwent acetabular reconstruction by fossae ovalis oriented centralized technology in THA (test group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, side, pathogeny, acetabular rotation center indexs, difference of relative and absolute leg-length, and Harris score between 2 groups before operation (P>0.05). The hip joint function was evaluated by Harris score; the difference of relative leg-length was measured by tape; the difference of absolute leg-length and the horizontal and vertical distances of actual and true rotation center were also measured on the X-ray films by software. ResultsThe patients were followed up 8-26 months (mean, 8.3 months) in the test group, and 6-33 months (mean, 9.7 months) in the control group. Sciatic nerve injury occurred in 2 cases (1 in each group, respectively), lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in 7 cases (3 in test group and 4 in control group), and hip joint dislocation in 2 cases (control group); the other patients had no related complications. The difference of relative leg-length and Harris score in test group were significantly better than in control group (P<0.05), and significant difference was also found when compared with preoperative one in 2 groups (P<0.05). The horizontal and vertical distances of actual and the true rotation center in test group was significantly better than those in control group at immediate after operation on the X-ray films (P<0.05); and significant differences were also found when compared with preoperative ones in 2 groups (P<0.05). At 6 months after operation, the absolute leg-length difference in test group was significantly better than that in control group (P<0.05); and significant difference was also found when compared with preoperative one in 2 groups (P<0.05). ConclusionThe fossae ovalis oriented acetabular centralized technology in THA can significantly correct abnormal hip center of rotation, thus reduce the relative and absolute leg-length inequality and improve the life quality of the patients.

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  • RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INITIAL STABILITY AND INFECTED LOOSENING OF TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY PROSTHESIS

    Objective To investigate the relationship between the initial stabil ity and infected loosening of the total hip arthroplasty (THA) prosthesis. Methods From January 2000 to December 2008, 110 cases (110 hips) were treated with THA revision. Among them, 15 cases (15 hips) were confirmed infected loosening. There were 8 males and 7 females with anaverage age of 62 years (range 42-75 years). The infected signs were found from 6 months to 2 years after initial THA. All of them had Tsukayama type IV and late infection, including 6 cases of acetabular infected loosening (5 cases of one-stage and 1 case of two-stage acetabular revision), 7 cases of simple infected loosening of femoral prosthesis (4 cases of one-stage and 3 cases of twostage femoral prosthesis revision), and 2 cases of joint capsule infection and sinus without prosthesis loosening (debridement and continuous irrigation). Results All incisions healed by first intention. Fifteen patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months (average 24 months). In 13 cases of revision, postoperative X-ray films showed that femoral acetabular prostheses were in good position, and had no cl inical and imaging infective signs of loosening. In 2 cases of joint capsule infection, sinus recurred 6 months postoperation without hip joint pain, the function of weight-bearing and walking of hip joint was normal. Harris score increased from preoperative average of 42 to postoperative average of 85; the results were excellent in 4 cases, good in 7 cases, and fair in 4 cases. Conclusion The infection of THA may occur in the whole joint, half-joint or just in joint capsule. The initial stabil ity of the prosthesis would affect the long-term survival of the prothesis. If the prosthesis initial stabil ity is obtained, even if there are infective factors, infections would also be l imited.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF THREE OPERATIONS IN TREATMENT OF DISPLACED FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES IN THE ELDERLY PATIENTS

    Objective To compare the effectiveness of internal fixation, hemiarthroplasty, and total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly patients so as to provide the evidence for the selection of therapeutic methods. Methods Between May 2005 and April 2008, 108 elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures were treated by internal fixation with compression screw (IF group, n=31), hemiarthroplasty (HA group, n=37), and total hiparthroplasty (THA group, n=40). In IF group, there were 8 males and 23 females with an average age of 73 years (range, 65-80 years); fractures were caused by tumbl ing (25 cases) and traffic accident (6 cases), including 17 cases of Garden type III and 14 cases of Garden type IV; and the time from injury to operation ranged from 8 hours to 13 days with an average of 4.2 days. In HA group, there were 10 males and 27 females with an average age of 74 years (range, 65-80 years); fractures were caused by tumbl ing (29 cases) and traffic accident (8 cases), including 21 cases of Garden type III and 16 cases of Garden type IV; and the time from injury to operation ranged from 1 to 14 days with an average of 4.4 days. In THA group, there were 11 males and 29 females with an average age of 73 years (range, 66-80 years); fractures were caused by tumbl ing (32 cases) and traffic accident (8 cases), including 23 cases of Garden type III and 17 cases of Garden type IV; and the time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 14 days with an average of 5.6 days. There was no significant difference in general data among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). Results There were significant differences in operation time and blood loss among 3 groups (P lt; 0.05), and IF group was less than other 2 groups. All patients were followed up 1 year and 4 months to 2 years and 3 months with an average of 1 year and 8 months. In IF group, HA group, and THA group, the rates of early postoperative compl ications were 19.4% (6/31), 8.1% (3/37), and 7.5% (3/40), respectively; the rates of late postoperative compl ications were 29.0% (9/31), 13.5% (5/37), and 7.5% (3/40), respectively; and the reoperation rates were 29.0% (9/31), 10.8% (4/37), and 5.0% (2/40), respectively. The rates of the early postoperative compl ication, late postoperative compl ication, and reoperation rate were significantly higher in IF group than in HA group and THA group (P lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference between HA group and THA group (P gt; 0.05). The mortal ity rates were 16.1% (5/31), 13.5% (5/37), and 15.0% (6/40) in IF group, HA group, and THA group, respectively; showing no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). According to Harris hip score, the excellent and good rates were 65.4% (17/26), 81.3% (26/32), and 85.3% (29/34) in IF group, HA group, and THA group, respectively; showing significant differences among 3 groups (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion According to patient’s age, l ife expectancy, and general conditions, THA is a reasonable choice for the patients aged 65-80 years with displaced femoral neck fracture.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY COMBINED WITH FEMORAL HEAD AUTOGRAFT FOR Crowe TYPE II AND TYPE III DEVELOPMENTAL DYSPLASIA OF HIP

    Objective To evaluate the efficacy of total hip arthroplasty (THA) combined with femoral head autograft for Crowe type II and type III developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods From January 2001 to January 2004, THA was performed for 23 patients (29 hips) with osteoarthritis secondary to DDH. There were 20 females (26 hips) and 3 males (3 hips) with an average age of 52 years (range 43-65 years). Unilateral DDH occurred in 17 patients and bilateral DDH occurred in6 patients. Based on radiographic classification of Crowe, there were 17 cases (20 hips) of type II and 6 cases (9 hips) of type III. The length difference was (2.9 ± 0.8) cm between two lower l imbs of the unilateral DDH patients. The Harris scores were 43.6 ± 13.8 preoperatively. The standard procedure of THA was performed in 3 patients (4 hips), the structural femoral head autograft for restoring normal level of rotating center of the acetabulum in other patients. Results The incision healed by first intention in all patients. No patient suffered compl ications after operation. The duration of follow-up ranged from 4 to 7 years (average 5.6 years). The X-ray films showed bony heal ing between the grafted bone and the il ium in all patients. At last follow-up, the length difference was (0.9 ± 0.2) cm between two lower l imbs and the Harris score was 86.3 ± 6.4; showing statistically differences (P lt; 0.05) when compared with preoperation. The X-ray films showed no dislocation of acetabulum, and femoral prosthesis, and no signs of dislocation, absorption and collapse of the grafted bone. Conclusion THA combined with structural femoral head autograft for patients with osteoarthritis secondary to DDH can obtain favorable results. This method can restore normal level of rotating center of the acetabulum, provide rel iable acetabular fixation, and restore acetabular bone stock in patients with Crowe type II and type III DDH.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • SHORT-AND MEDIUM-TERM EFFECTIVENESSES OF STEMLESS HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOR TREATING HIP JOINT DISEASE IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED PATIENTS

    ObjectiveTo summarize the short-and medium-term effectivenesses of stemless hip arthroplasty for treating hip joint disease in young and middle-aged patients. MethodsBetween June 2005 and December 2010, 25 cases (27 hips) of hip joint disease were treated with stemless hip arthroplasty. There were 17 males (19 hips) and 8 females (8 hips) with an average age of 45.6 years (range, 30-57 years), including 13 left hips, 10 right hips, and 2 bilateral hips. The causes included avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) secondary to femoral neck fracture in 5 cases (5 hips), ANFH in 15 cases (16 hips), osteoarthritis of the hip joint caused by ankylosing spondylitis in 2 cases (3 hips), osteoarthritis of the hip joint caused by dysplasia of acetabular in 2 cases (2 hips), and rheumatoid arthritis in 1 case (1 hip). The disease duration was 1-17 years (mean, 6.1 years). Before operation, the Harris score was 47.6±14.2. ResultsThe incision healed by first intention in all patients, and no complications occurred, such as infection, periprosthetic fracture, and deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Twenty-five patients (27 hips) were followed up 36-96 months (mean, 51 months). One case (1 hip) had sciatic nerve injury after operation, which was relieved by symptomatic treatment. One case (1 hip) had prosthesis loosening, which was relieved after revision. The survival rate of prosthesis was 96.3% (26/27). At last follow-up, the Harris score was 92.1±3.6, which was significantly better than preoperative score (t=18.241, P=0.000). The excellent and good rate was 88.9% (excellent in 19 hips, good in 5 hips, fair in 2 hips, and poor in 1 hip). The X-ray films showed good location of prosthesis, and no evidence of dislocation, bone resorption, osteolysis, and heterotopic ossification. ConclusionBecause of reserving femoral neck, biomechanics conduction and distribute of the proximal femur achieve natural biomechanics state of the human body. The short-and medium-term effectivenesses of stemless hip arthroplasty for treating hip joint disease in young and middle-aged patients are satisfactory, but the long-term effectiveness need further observation.

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