ObjectiveTo systematically review the disease burden of pneumoconiosis in Chinese population so as to provide references for health resources allocation and health policy making.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were searched for studies on investigation of the disease burden of pneumoconiosis in Chinese population from inception to 31st January, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, exacted data, and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Systematic review was performed on data of pneumoconiosis associated population, mortality, and disease burden.ResultsA total of 26 studies were included. Qualitative analysis showed that the decrease of DALY and YLL of pneumoconiosis in China had been lower than that in globally, and the increase of YLD had been higher than that in globally in recent 10 years. 14 factors were included in the analysis of influencing factors on the financial burden or hospitalization expenses of pneumoconiosis patients; among them, the length of hospitalization, related complications, and pneumoconiosis stage were the most important indexes which had influence or difference on patients’ financial burden (or hospitalization expenses). The burden of pneumoconiosis in the Chinese population was primarily concentrated on males. Occupational diseases caused most of them, and middle-aged and older adults were the primary population for pneumoconiosis. However, young patients due to early-onset age, long course of disease and complications, and other factors resulting in a larger YLD phenomenon should also be considered.ConclusionsThe disease burden of pneumoconiosis patients in China is still heavy. It is recommended to continue to reduce the DALY of pneumoconiosis among the Chinese population as a long-term goal, and to strengthen control strategies to curb the early onset and death of pneumoconiosis.
【摘要】 目的 评价SF-36量表在测量地震伤残人员生存质量中的信度和效度。 方法 利用自填法及访谈相结合的方式调查201例绵竹市某镇地震伤残人员，用重测信度和Cronbach’s α系数分析SF-36信度；因子分析方法分析效度。 结果 SF-36各领域的重测信度分别为:生理功能（PF）0.78、生理问题对功能的限制（RP）0.85、躯体疼痛（BP）0.92、健康总体评价（GH）0.82、活力（VT）0.77、社会功能（SF）0.71、心理问题对功能的限制（RE）0.79、精神健康（MH）0.66；各领域的Cronbach’s α系数分别为:PF 0.89、RP 0.75、BP 0.84、GH 0.86、VT 0.78、SF 0.72、RE0.86、MH 0.50。因子分析共提取了6个主成分，基本反映了量表的8个维度，与量表的结构构思基本相符。 结论 自填法及面对面访谈相结合的方式，将SF-36量表用于该地地震伤残人员生存质量测定具有较好的信度和效度。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the validity and reliability of the MOS-36-item Short Form of Health Survey (SF-36) measuring the quality of life (QOL) of disabled people injured in the earthquake. Methods A total of 201 disabled people injured in the earthquake in a town of Mianzhu city were investigated via questionnaire combined with a face-to-face interview. The reliability of the SF-36 was assessed by test-retest reliability and Cronbach’s α coefficient. The validity was assessed through factor analysis. Results The test-retest reliability of the SF-36 included: physical functioning (PF) 0.78, role limitation due to physical problems (RP) 0.85, body pain (BP) 0.92, general health (GH) 0.82, vitality (VT) 0.77, social functioning (SF) 0.71, role limitation due to emotional problems (RE) 0.79, and mental health (MH) 0.66. The Cronbach’s α coefficients were as the follows: PF 0.89, RP 0.75, BP 0.84, GH 0.86, VT 0.78, SF 0.72, RE 0.86, and MH 0.50. Six principal components were extracted by factor analysis and the constructs of the obtained instrument were consistent with the conceived concept in essence. Conclusion The SF-36 survey could measure the QOL in disabled people injured in the earthquake with better reliability and validity by questionnaire combined with a face-to-face interview.
目的 评估中医药临床研究是否与我国主要疾病负担相关。 方法 首先从1999年－2004年出版的13种中医、中西医结合杂志中手工检索出随机对照试验（RCT），并提取出杂志名称、出版年限、治疗的疾病类别及样本含量等数据。然后采用死亡率和伤残调整寿命年（DALY）作为衡量标准，统计2002年我国疾病负担前30位病因的RCT数量，采用秩相关分析这些疾病负担与发表的中医药RCT及其受试者数量的关系。 结果 最终确认7 422个RCT，约38%的RCT来自于3种国家级杂志。这些RCT覆盖了我国疾病负担中的主要病种，其中4 280个RCT（57.7%）研究前30位病因合并产生的42个病种，只有3个病种（7%）没有任何RCT研究。采用DALY得到的相关系数分别是0.108（P=0.569）、0.092（P=0.628），通过死亡率产生的相关系数分别是0.453（P=0.012）、0.536（P=0.002）。 结论 中医药RCT与采用死亡率衡量的疾病负担明显相关，但采用DALY分析却未发现二者存在相关性。中医药临床研究可能更注重死亡率高的病种，一定程度上忽略了DALY衡量的疾病负担。
Objective To analyze the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and its trend attributed to household air pollution (HAP) from solid fuels in China from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using the data derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019), including mortality rates, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), age-standardized mortality rates, age-standardized DALY rates, annual percentage change (APC), and average annual percentage change rate (AAPC), we analyzed the CVD burden and its trend attributed to HAP in China from 1990 to 2019. Results In 2019, HAP in China resulted in 227 000 deaths and 5 182 200 DALYs of CVD; the mortality rate attributed to HAP was 15.96 per 100 000, and the DALY rate was 364.34 per 100 000. In 2019, the age-standardized mortality and DALY rates in China were 12.52 and 262.65 per 100 000, respectively, which were lower than the rates globally, and the rates for males were higher than those for females (13.90 vs. 11.32 per 100 000, 291.76 vs. 234.50 per 100 000). In 2019, both mortality and DALY rates attributed to HAP increased with age, peaking in the age groups of 95 plus and 85-89, respectively. From 1990 to 2019 in China, both age-standardized mortality and DALY rates of CVD attributed to HAP showed a downward trend over time. The average annual percentage change rate (AAPC) of the age-standardized mortality rate was −6.0% (95%CI: −6.2% to −5.8%), and the APCC of the age-standardized DALY rate was −5.8% (95%CI: −6.1% to −5.6%). The burden of the CVD subclass also showed a downward trend. Conclusion From 1990 to 2019, the burden of CVD attributed to HAP from solid fuels in China shows a significant downward trend, with sex and age differences. Females and the elderly are the key groups of disease burden, so effective interventions should be taken for these groups.
ObjectivesTo estimate the latest burden of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) for liver cancer in China and the long-term trend, and to make future prediction.MethodsBased on the visualization platform of Global Burden of Disease 2016, data on the DALYs for liver cancer in China was extracted. The very recent status in 2016 and the previous trend from 1990 to 2016 were described, using annualized rate of change (ARC). The burden from 2017 to 2050 was further predicted by combining the ARC and the Chinese population data projected by the United Nation.ResultsIn 2016, the total DALYs for liver cancer in China was estimated as 11 539 000 person years (accounting for 54.6% of the global burden), and years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) contributed 98.9% and 1.1%, respectively. The age-standardized DALY rate was 844.1 per 100 000 (3.0 times of the global average) and the male-to-female ratio was 3.4. The DALY rate continuously increased from 1990–2016 (ARC=0.57%), particularly in recent 5 years (ARC=1.75%). Among the DALYs for all cancers, liver cancer contributed approximately 20% and constantly remained as the top 2 (ranking as the number one before year 2005). There were inverse trends in gender, with increasing in males and decreasing in females (ARC was 0.77% and –0.11%, respectively). Hepatitis B infection continually kept the leading cause of DALYs for liver cancer (accounting for nearly 57%), and the DALY rate was gradually increasing (ARC=0.43%). Although the peak age of DALY rate was stable at 65to 69 years, the peak age of the DALYs changed from 55 to 59 years in 1990 to 60 ~ 64 years in 2016. In 2050, the estimated DALYs for liver cancer in China will reach 14.37 million person years, 20.0% more than that in 2017.ConclusionsThe DALYs caused by liver cancer in China exceeds the overall burden of all other countries in the world, and accounts for 1/5 of DALYs for all cancers in local population. The burden in males has been continuously rising, and the leading cause remained unchanged as hepatitis B infection. With population aging, the DALYs for liver cancer in China will be incessant to increase, suggesting the necessity to implement continuous effort in risk factors prevention (e.g. hepatitis B infection), and efficient management in high risk population of liver cancer.
ObjectiveTo analyze the disease burden and development trend of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in China from 1990 to 2019. MethodsThe changes of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and their corresponding age-normalization rates for NHL were analyzed by using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Database. Regression analysis was performed by Joinpoint software to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) of standardized morbidity, standardized mortality, standardized DALY rate to reflect the change trend of disease burden. And the results were compared with global data. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the disease burden of NHL in China showed an overall increasing trend. Compared with 2019, the standard incidence rate, standard mortality rate and standard DALY rate of NHL in China increased by 144.72%, 27.17% and 15.61%, respectively. The annual rates of change were 3.12%, 0.80% and 0.51%, respectively. There were gender and age differences in disease burden. The burden of disease increased with age, and the burden of disease was higher in males than in females. ConclusionThe disease burden of NHL in China shows an increasing trend from 1990 to 2019. With the development of diagnosis and treatment options, the disease burden has decreased in recent years, but it is still higher than the global level. There is still a need to strengthen research on its pathogenesis and treatment options, and to actively intervene in high-risk groups to reduce the disease burden of NHL.
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological trends and current status of disease burden of type 2 diabetes related chronic kidney disease (CKD-T2D) in China from 1990 to 2021 and predict its future trends. MethodsThis study was based on the global burden of disease 2021 (GBD 2021) database to obtain the disease burden data of CKD-T2D in China, including the data of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and used the Bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model to predict the change trends until 2035. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the standardized incidence rate of CKD-T2D in China showed an overall upward trend, while the standardized mortality rate and DALY rate showed an overall downward trend, with the average annual percentage change (AAPC) being 0.04%, ‒0.04%, ‒1.11% (P<0.05). Moreover, CKD-T2D in the whole country presented the characteristics of high incidence, high mortality and high DALY burden in the elderly population. From 2022 to 2035, all disease burden indicators of CKD-T2D in China are expected to show an overall downward trend. It is expected that the standardized incidence rate, mortality rate and DALY rate will drop to 16.21/100 000, 4.62/100 000 and 99.35/100 000 respectively in 2035. The overall decline of each indicator in the female population in China is greater than that in the male population. ConclusionThe prevention and treatment situation of CKD-T2D in China is severe, the burden caused by disability is relatively heavy and the burden of male and elderly populations is particularly heavy.
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the trends in the burden of breast cancer in women of all ages in China from 1990 to 2021, compare it with the global burden of breast cancer in women, and predict the burden of disease in the next 15 years. Methods Based on the open data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) in 2021, the incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of breast cancer among women in China and the world were analyzed. Joinpoint was used to calculate annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) to reflect the changing trend of disease burden. An autoregressive composite moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the disease burden of breast cancer in women from 2022 to 2036. Results From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of female breast cancer in China showed an increasing trend, with an average annual increase of 2.400 7% and 2.334 8%, respectively, and the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) showed a decreasing trend. The average annual decline was 0.290 0% and 0.198 3%, respectively. Meanwhile, ASIR and ASPR of global female breast cancer also showed an increasing trend, with an average annual increase of 0.474 9% and 0.3445 2% respectively, while ASMR and ASDR showed a decreasing trend, with an average annual decrease of 0.425 2% and 0.321 8% respectively. Among them, there were differences in the impact of age on the burden of female breast cancer. The peak of ASIR and ASPR appeared in the age group of 50 to 69 years old, and generally increased with the increase of age, and then decreased when reaching the peak. ASMR and ASDR increased with age. In the following 15 years, the prevalence of breast cancer in women in China and globally showed an increasing trend, while the mortality rate showed a decreasing trend. Conclusion From the analysis of the disease burden from 1990 to 2021, breast cancer has a huge harm to women, and the incidence of young and middle-aged women is high, the death rate of middle-aged and elderly women is high, and the disease time is long, which brings a heavy psychological and economic burden to patients and society. From the trend forecast for the next 15 years, the prevalence of breast cancer in women in China and the world will increase, while the mortality rate will decrease slightly, but the decrease is not large, which will bring huge public health challenges and put higher requirements on the prevention and control of the disease. To reduce the disease burden of breast cancer, comprehensive strategies for disease control are needed, including prevention of risk factors at the primary care level, screening of at-risk populations, and quality medical services.
ObjectiveTo analyze the trend of disease burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China from 1990 to 2019.MethodsData was obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019). Incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life year (DALY), years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD), and their corresponding standardized rate and annual average percentage change (AAPC) were used to describe the changes of disease burden of colorectal cancer in Chinese population between 1990 and 2019.ResultsCompared with 1990, the number of new cases, standardized incidence, the number of deaths and standardized mortality of CRC in China in 2019 increased by 474.03%, 144.01%, 230.14%, and 36.15%, respectively. The standardized mortality and standardized incidence of CRC in China had reached and gradually exceeded the global level since 2010. From 1990 to 2019, the overall standard incidence (AAPC=3.6%, P<0.05), standard mortality rate (AAPC=1.4%, P<0.05), and the standard DALY rate (AAPC=1.2%, P<0.05) of CRC in China showed an increasing trend. The incidence, mortality and DALY rates of males were higher than those of females, and gradually increased with age. Compared with 1990, the DALY, YLL, and YLD of CRC in 2019 increased by 134.3%, 127.69%, and 445.00%, and their corresponding standardized rates increased by 30.53%, 27.03%, and 187.29%, respectively, showing an overall upward trend.ConclusionsFrom 1990 to 2019, the standardized incidence rate and standardized mortality rate of colorectal cancer in China have had a continuously increasing trend, and males and the elderly are high-risk groups. To reduce the burden of colorectal cancer in China, effective measures should be taken for prevention and management.