Optical imaging technology of ocular fundus, including fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF), is growing at an unprecedented speed and scale and is integrating into the routine clinical management of ocular fundus diseases, such as diagnosis, treatment, and mechanism study. While FFA allow us to observe the retinal and choroidal blood circulation, OCT and FAF are non-invasive, fast and quantifiable measurement; such techniques show even more unique advantages and are favored tools. All these retinal imaging technologies, together with a variety of retinal function assessments, bring us into the era of big data of ocular fundus diseases. All of these developments are the challenges and opportunities for the operator and user of these fundus optics imaging technologies. In order to improve its clinical applications and allocate resources rationally, we need to understand the optical properties of these retinal imaging technologies, and standardize diagnosis behavior. This is a continuous learning process needs to continue to explore.
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is the key characteristic of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), and the effective therapy is intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents based on clinical and basic research. In the meantime the challenge is how to further improve the inhibiting effect for CNV and visual function of anti-VEGF treatment on nAMD. The new strategy and drug delivery devices for anti-VEGF treatment will optimize the clinical scheme. From bench to bedside, the research on targeted treatment of angiogenesis brings the bloom of nAMD medical therapy.
The hallmark of the recent latest advances in diagnostic fundus imaging technology is combination of complex hierarchical levels and depths, as well as wide-angle imaging, ultra-wide imaging. The clinical application of wide-angle and ultra-wide imaging, not only can reevaluate the role of the peripheral retina, the classification types and treatment modalities of central retinal vein occlusion, and enhance the reliability of diabetic retinopathy screening, improve the classification and therapeutic decision of diabetic retinopathy, and but also can help guide and improve laser photocoagulation. However we must clearly recognize that the dominant role of ophthalmologists in the diagnosis of ocular fundus diseases cannot be replaced by any advanced fundus imaging technology including wide-angle imaging. We emphasize to use the three factors of cognitive performance (technology, knowledge and thinking) to improve the diagnosis of ocular fundus diseases in China.
慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)是全球性高发病率、高死亡率以及高卫生保健费用的重要疾病之一。2001年COPD是发达国家第5位的致死原因，占总死亡数的3．8％；在发展中国家则为第6位致死原因，占总死亡数的4．9％[1]。随着全球人口的老龄化，COPD负担将逐年增加。因此，在未来数年内我们必须共同面对挑战，实施有成本效益的防治策略，以遏制这一疾病及其耗费。
目的:了解成都市3~6岁学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发展趋势和干预效果,以寻求更有效的干预措施。方法:自2000~2007年对成都市五城区所有一类托幼园所3~6岁儿童进行调查,对其超重、肥胖发生、发展动态趋势进行分析研究,并设重点干预点进行连续干预监测。参照WHO标准,应用身高别体重法评价儿童超重和肥胖。结果:2000~2005年中,成都市学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖发生率显著升高(2000年为6.50%、2.14%;2005年为9.57%,4.39%,Plt;0.001);通过对托幼园所实施肥胖干预后,2005~2007年儿童超重、单纯性肥胖检出率处于稳定控制状态(2007年为9.13%,4.17%,Pgt;0.05)。2005~2007年对本市15所托幼机构实施重点干预后,儿童超重、肥胖检出率为8.51%,3.26%,明显降低(Plt;0.05),而一般干预点,超重、肥胖发生率明显升高(10.42%,5.12%,Plt;0.05)。结论:学龄前儿童超重、单纯性肥胖呈上升趋势,有效的干预措施能控制超重和肥胖发生率。
Using optical imaging equipment with different wavelength and computer technology, fundus optical imaging diagnostic techniques can record fundus reflected light, auto fluorescence and emitted light after excitation by external light source in order to observe and analyze the structure and pathological process of retina and choroid. Advances in fundus optical image capture technology (including laser, confocal laser, spontaneous auto-fluorescence, multispectral imaging) and storage and analysis technology, promote this field into a high-definition digital imaging era, with features of rapid, non-invasive, wide-angle three-dimensional multi-level integration, dynamic automatic navigation location tracking and combined application of a variety of optical imaging diagnostic techniques. In order to promote clinical and scientific research of ocular fundus diseases, we need to understand the development trend of optical imaging diagnostic technique, interpret the fundus imaging features appropriately, reasonably chose different inspection techniques, establish standardized diagnosis criteria and continue to expand clinical applications.