ObjectiveTo investigate the protective effect of mangiferin on acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and its mechanism. MethodsNinety Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, 18 rats in each group. SCI was induced by using the Allen's method (60 g/cm) at T9 level in the rats of groups B, C, D, and E; laminectomy was performed at T8-10 in group A. The rats were injected intraperitoneally with saline in groups A and B, and with mangiferin in groups C (10 mg/kg), D (25 mg/kg), and E (50 mg/kg) every day for 30 days. The survival condition of rats was observed after operation; at 24, 48, and 72 hours after operation, the motor function of the hind limb was evaluated by the Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) scores. The spinal cord edema was assessed by measuring the water content in spinal cord tissues at 72 hours. Meanwhile, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) were detected by ELISA; nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 were measured via ELISA at the same time. Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were also detected by ELISA after mangiferin treatment for 30 days. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were detected by Western blot. Pathological changes of the spinal cord was observed by HE staining. And Caspase-3 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemical staining. ResultsAll rats survived to the end of experiment. BBB scores of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). The content of water of groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that of group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ELISA showed that the activities of MDA, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Caspase-3, and Caspase-9 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed decrease trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and they showed increase trends from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Western blot showed that the relative expression of Bax protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the relative expression of Bcl-2 protein in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly less than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed an increase trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). Histological observation showed that the pathological changes in group B were accord with that in SCI, and the degree of necrosis in groups C, D, and E were significantly improved when compared with that in group B, and the effect was better in group E than group D, and group D than group C. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the absorbance (A) value of Caspase-3 in groups B, C, D, and E were significantly greater than that in group A (P < 0.05), and it showed a decrease trend from groups B to E (P < 0.05). ConclusionMangiferin has neuroprotective effects on acute SCI in rats by alleviating edema of spinal cord, inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation response, and regulating the Bcl-2 and Bax pathway.
The translation and translation regulation of RNA in eukaryotic cells have a significant impact on cellular gene expression and maintenance of proteomic homeostasis. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects upper and lower motor neurons and leads to muscle weakness and atrophy. More and more studies have found RNA translation abnormalities in ALS. This article provides an overview of RNA translation and regulation in eukaryotic cells under physiological and stress conditions, and explores the relationship between four different ALS-related genes and translation abnormalities, providing new ideas for the treatment of ALS.
ObjectiveTo compile the information overload severity scale in the situation of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, and evaluate the reliability and validity.MethodsFrom February to March 2020, according to the procedures of literature analysis, semi-structured interview, and expert consultation, an initial scale was formed; and then the online scale was measured, and the scale items were screened based on the measured results of the scale. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s α coefficient, and the validity was tested by exploratory factor analysis.ResultsThere were 8 items in the initial scale. The scale items were screened based on the degree of dispersion, the correlation coefficient with the total score, and the factor-load-related indicators, and finally a 7-item scale was formed. The factor analysis results of the scale showed that one component could be extracted from the scale, and the reliability analysis showed that the total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.863.ConclusionThe information overload severity scale has good reliability and validity, which can provide strong support for related research after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 and other major public events.
Objective To study the effect and mechanism of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rh-BNP) in alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury by regulating mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Methods A total of 128 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with specific pathogen free were selected. The SD rats were divided into groups according to random number table, including, sham operation (Sham) group, I/R group, I/R+rh-BNP group, negative control adenovirus (Ad-NC)+Sham group, Ad-NC+I/R group, Ad-NC+I/R+rh-BNP group, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase adenovirus (Ad-p38MAPK)+I/R group and Ad-p38MAPK+I/R+rh-BNP group, with 16 SD rats in each group. Myocardial I/R injury model was established by ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery. Before modeling, rh-BNP was injected intraperitoneally or adenovirus was injected into myocardium; 180 minutes after reperfusion, the contents of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in serum, myocardial infarction size, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the expression of phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK), phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) were detected. Results The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK and p-JNK in I/R group were higher than those in Sham group, p-ERK1/2 expression level was lower than that in Sham group (P<0.05). The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK in I/R+rh-BNP group were lower than those in I/R group (P<0.05), the expression of p-JNK and p-ERK1/2 had no significant difference compared with I/R group (P>0.05). The contents of LDH, CK-MB, myocardial infarction size, the contents of TNF-α, ROS and the expression of p-p38MAPK in Ad-p38mapk+I/R+rh-BNP group were higher than those in Ad-NC+I/R-rh-BNP group (P<0.05). Conclusion rh-BNP can alleviate myocardial I/R injury, which is related to inhibiting p38MAPK pathway, reducing inflammation response and oxidative stress response.
Objective To evaluate the influence of dexmedetomidine on the stress of elderly patients with cardiovascular risk undergoing gastrointestinal laparoscopic surgery. Methods From August 2014 to December 2015, 210 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic gastrointestinal operations were randomly divided into three groups, including the low concentration group (group D1), the high concentration group (group D2), and the control group (group C), with 70 cases in each group. The patients in group D1 and group D2 were injected with dexmedetomidine (0.4 and 0.8 μg/kg respectively) by infusion pump before anesthesia induction, and were continuously pumped with dexmedetomidine [0.4 and 0.8 μg/(kg·h) respectively] until the end of the surgery. Meanwhile, the patients in group C were injected with normal saline of the equal volumes. The heart rate and mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded before anesthesia, after endotracheal intubation and extubation. Myocardial ischemia and cardiovascular adverse events thatneeded to be handled were recorded. The concentrations of dopamine, adrenaline (AD) and noradrenaline (NE) were monitored at 15:00 one day before surgery (Ty), one hour after the beginning of surgery (T0), and at 15:00 of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day after surgery (T1, T2, T3). Results A total of 178 patients completed the study and were enrolled in this study, including 60 cases in group D1 and 59 cases in group D2 and C respectively. In group D1 and D2, the heart rates after intubation [(80.4±9.6), (68.2±10.5) times/minutes], extubation [(70.1±6.2), (69.7±7.8) times/minutes] and MAP after extubation [(100.2±12.0), (98.0±13.1) mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)] were lower than those in group C [(98.4±10.5) and (95.2±7.3) times/minutes; (121.8±10.5) mm Hg], and the differences were significant (P<0.05). The bradycardia and hypotension in group D2 (27.12%, 22.03%) was significantly higher than those in group C (3.39%, 8.47%). Hypertension in group D1 and D2 (5.00%, 1.69%) was significantly lower than that in group C (37.29%), and the differences were significant (P<0.05). Compared with the base value at Ty in the three groups, the concentration of dopamine at T0-T3 in group C, at T0-T1 in group D1, and at T0 in group D2 increased significantly (P<0.05); the AD at T0-T3 in group C, at T0-T2 in group D1, and at T0-T1 in group D2 increased significantly (P<0.05); the NE at T0-T2 in group C, and at T1 in group D1 increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with group C at the same time, the DA at T3 in group D1 and at T1-T3 in group D2, the AD at T2-T3 in group D1 and at T0-T3 in group D2, the NE at T0-T1 in group D1 and T0-T3 in group D2, decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Dexmedetomidine can effectively restrain the changes of hemodynamics and catecholamine induced by perioperative stress responses in a dose-dependent manner. During the surgery of elderly patients with cardiovascular risk, the concentration of dexmedetomidine should be controlled moderately to gain the optimal effect.
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of fast track surgery (FTS) in rib fracture fixation. MethodsFifty-two patients with chest trauma who underwent rib fracture fixation surgery in Mingji Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from October 2010 to June 2013 were enrolled in this study. All the patients were divided into FTS group and control group. In the FTS group, there were 26 patients including 22 males and 4 females with their age of 45.62±8.20 years, who received FTS strategies. In the control group, there were 26 patients including 21 males and 5 females with their age of 46.42±7.60 years, who received traditional treatment strategies. Postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS), gastrointestinal function recovery time, postoperative hospital stay and hospitalization cost were compared between the 2 groups. ResultsVAS at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours postoperatively of FTS group (4.5±0.3, 4.2±0.2, 3.2±0.1) were significantly lower than those of the control group (6.5±0.1, 6.1±0.3, 4.8±0.2) respectively (P < 0.05). Gastrointestinal function recovery time of FTS group (0.8±0.2 days) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (1.5±0.5 days, P < 0.05). Length of hospital stay (21.0±2.6 days) and hospitalization cost (5.18±0.75 ten thousand yuan) of FTS group were significantly shorter or lower than those of the control group (26.2±3.4 days and 5.78±0.64 ten thousand yuan) respectively (P < 0.05). ConclusionFTS strategies can effectively reduce postoperative VAS, shorten length of hospital stay, decrease hospitalization cost, and promote postoperative recovery of rib fracture patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the systemic stress responses after laparoscopic resection in colorectal cancer patients.MethodsSixty patients were randomized into the laparoscopic resection group (30 cases) and open resection group (30 cases) from October 2001 to September 2002 in our hospital.Analgesic dosages, recovery time of intestinal peristalsis, postoperative temperatures, C reactive protein(CRP), IL6 and white blood cell (WBC) counts were recorded after operation. ResultsThe changes of postoperative temperatures and WBC counts showed no significant difference between two groups.But in the laparoscopic resection group, the recovery time of intestinal peristalsis, postoperative analgesic dosages, CRP and IL6 significantly decreased (P＜0.01,P＜0.05).ConclusionCompared with traditional open resection, laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer can diminish the systemic stress responses and decrease the injury to patients.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effects of tension-free herniorrhaphy on endocrine functions of patients with inguinal hernia. MethodsOne hundred and twenty-seven patients were randomly divided into tension-free group(n=65) and conventional group (n=62). The mean ages of tension-free group and conventional group were(51.8±14) year and(48.4±12) year respectively. There were 52 indirect hernias and 13 direct hernias in tension-free group. There were 51 indirect hernias and 11 direct hernias in conventional group. Bassini repair was used in conventional group. Peripheral blood samples were obtained preoperatively and 3 h, 24 h after operation for measuring the levels of cortisol, T3, TSH, insuline, Cpeptide and and glucose. The data were analysed through t test. ResultsThe levels of cortisol, C-peptide and glucose in conventional group were remarkably higher (P6”0.05) while the levels of T3,TSH were notably lower (P＜0.05) than those in tension-free group at 3 h, 24 h postoperatively, the level of insulin in conventional group was significantly higher than that in tension-free group at 24 h postoperatively. ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that tension-free repair imposes less influence on the endocrine functions of patients with inguinal hernia postoperatively than conventional repair does. This might explain pathophysiologically the quick recovery of the patients receiving tension-free herniorrhaphy.
Objective To observe the effects of epidural anaesthesia (EA) and general anaesthesia (GA) on the changes of plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods Thirty patients undergoing elective LC were randomly divided into GA group (n＝15) and EA group (n＝15). The concentrations of plasma NE and E were measured at the following phases: before anaesthesia, before introducing pneumoperitoneum, during pneumoperitoneum, and at the end of operation. Results In EA group, the concentrations of NE weren′t significantly different at each phase, the concentrations of E significantly increased before and during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05) and returned to the baseline at the end of operation (Ｐ＞0.05). In GA group, the concentrations of NE and E didn′t change significantly before pneumoperitoneum, but increased during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05) and E didn′t return to the baseline at the end of operation (Ｐ＜0.05). The E concentrations of EA group was higher than that of GA group before pneumoperitoneum, but the NE concentration of EA group was lower than that of GA group during pneumoperitoneum (Ｐ＜0.05). Conclusion Both groups has significant stress reaction, but the stress reaction of EA group is weaker than that of GA group during LC.