Eye and nervous system are anatomically and physiologically very close. About 40% of the nerve fibers in brain are correlated with visual function. Seven of twelve cranial nerves are straightly correlated with visual afferent or eye movement. Neurological diseases can affect eye in many different ways. Furthermore, systemic disorders can cause secondary neurological lesions or even primary neurological disorders, which sequentially show ocular symptoms a nd signs. Better understanding of the close relationship between eye and brain, together with intimate cooperation between ophthalmologists, neurologists, neuro surgeons and other specialties, are the key point to improve our neuro-ophthalm ology service in China. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2008,24:82-85)
Objective To investigate the etiological distribution of the patients with optic neuritis in China and compare the results with those in western countries. Methods Ophthalmological and neurological detailed clinical and laboratorial examinations were performed on 204 patients with primarily diagnosed optic neuritis (ON). We determined the etiologies using international accepted diagnostic criteria. Results Among 113 patrents with ON, 83(73.5%) were considered as with idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis ( IDON). Sinusitis was common in these patients but was considered to be the probable cause of ON only in 4. Tuberculo-meningitis caused ON was found in 2 cases and syphilitic ON in 1. The causes of 23 cases (20.4%) were unknown. Conclusions Idiopathic demyelinating ON is the most common pathogeny of ON. Despite of some minor differences of causes and prognosis, the etiology of presumed ON in our population is similar to that reported in western countries. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2006,22:367-369)
目的探讨钼靶X线导丝定位切除触诊阴性乳腺病灶手术的临床应用价值。 方法对291例299个触诊阴性乳腺病灶在钼靶X线指引下经导丝定位并切除活检，确定病理类型。 结果299个触诊阴性乳腺病灶中乳腺癌病灶42个（14.05%），癌前病变40个（13.38%），良性病变257个（85.95%），其中乳腺癌灶多表现为簇状或弥漫细点状钙化，乳腺癌病灶中原位癌22个（52.38%，22/42），浸润癌Ⅰ期13个（30.95%，13/42），Ⅱ期4个（9.52%，4/42），Ⅲ期3个（7.15%，3/42）。40例乳腺癌患者（2例为双侧癌）均长期随访，最长随访时间为10年，复发转移2例。应用钼靶X线诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度为92.86%（39/42）；特异度为95.33%（245/257），诊断比值比（DOR）为265.42。 结论钼靶X线导丝定位病灶切除技术可提高触诊阴性乳腺病灶的早期诊断率，指导手术切除病灶，其组织损伤小，可靠性高，促进了乳腺癌二级预防，适合二级医院广泛应用。