This paper introduces the development and animal tests of a miniaturized electrical chest compression device. Based on pulse width modulation technology produced by micro control unit, the device can control the frequency and depth of the compression accurately, as well as perform real-time adjustment. Therefore, it can perform continuous and stable chest compression for long time, which may increase the successful rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Besides, the device can also produce different types of compression waveforms, including trapezoidal and triangular waveforms. Then, the performance and efficacy of the device was assessed with a rat model of asphyxial cardiac arrest (CA).
Objetive To investigate the effect of elastic pivot stable biteplate on treating irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint. Methods Twenty-eight cases of irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint treated with the elasticpivot stable biteplate from 2000 to 2004 were summarized. The ages of the patients ranged from 15 to 58 yeras includding 11 men and 17 women.Results All the patients were treated for 1 month and followed up for 3 to 6 months. The effective rate was 87.51%. The patients who had shorter course of diseases obtained better effect than the patients who had longer courses of diseases. Conclusion Elastic pivot stable biteplate is an effective alternative for treating irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint and it exerts better effect on the patients that have short courses of diseases.
Objective To review the current development in meniscus tissue engineering. Methods Recent literature concerning the development of the meniscus tissue engineering was extensively reviewed and summarized. Results Recent researches mainly focus on: selection of seed cells and research of their potential of differentiation into chondrocytes; selection of scaffold materials and research of their mechanical properties; cytokines and their mechanisms of action. Conclusion Many achievements have been made in meniscus tissue engineering. Most important topics in future research include: finding seed cells that are adapted to physiological process, are easy to culture, and have higher chondrogenic differentiation ability; looking for necessary cytokines and their mechanisms of action; finding scaffold meterials with b morphological plasticity, no antigenicity, good degradability, and mechanical property close to normal meniscus.
Objective To observe the vascular endthelial cellular apoptosis induced by transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT). Methods Vascular endothelial cells (VEC) cultured in vitro were treated with TTT, hyperthermia and TTT combined with indocyanine green (ICG) pretreatment. The cellular apoptosis was detected by doublelabelled flow cytometer (annexin Vfluroescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide) analysis, fluorescent microscopy, nucleolus stainned with DNA dye hoechst 33258, DNA ladder detection and electron microscopy. Results Without significant rising of the temperature, TTT couldnprime;t increase the apoptosis of VEC. Pure hyperthermia and TTT combined with ICG pretreatment could increase apoptosis of VEC significantly, and the effect of the latter method was more obvious. The higher power of TTT was used and the longer duration the cells were cultured, the higher apoptosis rate of VEC was. Conclusion The induction of apoptosis of VEC might play an important role in the mechanism of the occlusion of CNV by TTT, and combining with ICG may obviously enhance the apoptosis rate at the same temperature, which may supply a theoretical basis for promoting the clinical effect of TTT.
ObjectiveTo observe the effects of cluster therapy combined with anisodamine, dexamethasone and ambroxol on arterial blood gas, inflammatory cytokines and pulmonary pathological changes by making an early (<48 h) primary blast lung injury model in rats. MethodsEighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, ie. a control group (n=5), an injury group (n=15), an ambroxol treatment group (n=15), a dexamethasone treatment group, a scopolamine treatment group (n=15), a combination of ambroxol, dexamethasone and anisodamine group (n=15). The treatment groups were injected intraperitoneally with ambroxol 46.7 mg/kg (three times a day) or (and) dexamethasone at 5 mg·kg–1·d–1 or (and) anisodamine at a dose of 3.33 mg/kg (three times a day). The rats in the injury group were injected intraperitoneally with an equal volume of normal saline. Respiratory rate and weight change were observed before and after injury. Five rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours after injury in each experimental group. Arterial blood gas analysis, Yelverton pathological score, lung tissue wet/dry weight ratio, serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. The lung histopathology was observed. ResultsAfter lung blast injury, the rats in the injury group showed progressive respiratory acidosis, and hypoxemia increased with the increase of IL-6 and TNF-α in a time-dependent manner. The PaO2 decreased in the groups with ambroxol, dexamethasone and anisodamine alone or in combination with anisodamine, and the contents of serum IL-6 and TNF-α decreased. Pathological edema and inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue were alleviated significantly. ConclusionsAfter treatment with dexamethasone, anisodamine and ambroxol after lung blast injury, blood gas analysis is improved, inflammatory factor level is decreased and lung injury is alleviated, indicating that the three drugs can treat lung detonation injury in rats. The cluster therapy is superior to the single drug therapy.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of TiRobot-assisted surgery by O-arm navigation system for percutaneous minimally invasive treatment of posterior pelvic ring injury. Methods The clinical data of 76 patients with posterior pelvic ring injury between January 2016 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 45 cases were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation assisted by TiRobot and O-arm navigation system (study group), 31 cases were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation under the guidance of C-arm X-ray machine (control group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, cause of injury, Tile classification, time from injury to operation between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the times of nail track adjustment, and intraoperative fluoroscopy times were recorded. The quality of fracture reduction was evaluated by Matta score. At last follow-up, Majeed score was used to evaluate the recovery of pelvic function. ResultsA total of 72 screws were implanted in the study group, with a median of 1 (1, 2) screws per patient. In the control group, 47 screws were implanted, with a median of 1 (1, 2) screws per patient. There was no significant difference in the number of screws between the two groups (Z=−0.392, P=0.695). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, times of nail track adjustment, and intraoperative fluoroscopy times in the study group were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.05). All patients were followed up 6-24 months (mean, 14 months). No serious complications was found after operation and during follow-up. Matta score was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction at 1 week after operation, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (Z=−1.135, P=0.256). At last follow-up, there was no significant difference of Majeed score between the two groups (Z=−1.279, P=0.201). ConclusionTiRobot-assisted surgery by O-arm navigation system is a reliable surgical method for the treatment of posterior pelvic ring injury, which can reduce the operation time and fluoroscopy times when compared with the traditional operation under the guidance of C-arm X-ray machine. The safety, accuracy, and efficiency of the operation were improved.
Objective To investigate the change of the femoral offset and hip center of rotation (COR) after using Jumbo cups in total hip arthroplasty (THA) revision. Methods The clinical data of 23 patients who underwent THA revision using Jumbo cups between January 2010 and May 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Morselized bone graft was performed on 8 cases, morselized bone graft combined with structural bone graft on 10 cases. There were 10 males and 13 females, aged 65.4 years on average (range, 51-77 years). The disease duration was 1-24 years (mean, 8.57 years). The reasons for revision included aseptic loosening in 21 cases and periprosthetic infection in 2 cases. The Harris hip score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were 43.04±5.05 and 5.70±0.97 before operation respectively. According to the Paprosky acetabular defect classification, there were 5 cases of type I, 5 cases of type II A, 3 cases of type II B, 6 cases of type II C, and 4 cases of type III A. The X-ray films showed that the femoral offset was (40.65±4.09) mm for normal side and was (44.04±5.08) mm for affected side at preoperation, showing significant difference (t=4.098,P=0.000). Ten patients underwent femoral offset reconstruction (43.48%) but 13 patients did not (56.52%) before operation. The COR was reconstructed in 10 cases (43.48%); COR elevation was observed in 11 cases (47.83%), and COR decline in 2 cases (8.69%) before operation. Results Primary healing of incision was obtained in all patients, with no complication of infection, vascular injury, deep vein thrombosis, dislocation of the joint, or fracture around prosthesis. All the patients were followed up 12-76 months (mean, 22.48 months). The Harris hip score and VAS were 82.09±4.53 and 0.74±0.62 at 1 year after operation respectively, showing significant differences when compared with preoperative scores (t=37.831,P=0.000;t=22.318,P=0.000). The X-ray films showed that the femoral offset was (43.87±3.57) mm for affected side at 1 year after operation, showing no significant difference when compared with preoperative one (t=0.250,P=0.805), but significant difference was found between affected side and normal side (t=5.591,P=0.000). The femoral offset was restored in 16 patients (69.57%) and was not restored in 7 patients (30.43%) after operation. The COR was restored in 15 patients (65.22%) and was not restored in 8 patients (34.78%). Conclusion Using Jumbo cups or combined with morselized or structural bone graft is effective in restoring hip COR and femoral offset at the maximum limit in THA revision, with good short-term outcome and improved stability of acetabular prosthesis.