ObjectiveTo observe the vascularity in periprosthetic tissues of aseptic loosening after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and to explore the relationship between expression of vascularity and osteolysis. MethodsBetween October 2009 and June 2012, interface tissues were obtained from 22 patients (22 hips) who underwent revision of THA because of prosthetic aseptic loosening, including 12 males and 10 females with the age range of 53-81 years and prosthesis survival range of 6-14 years. The interface tissues were divided into osteolysis group and non-osteolysis group based on preoperative X-ray findings and intraoperative observation. The synovial tissues were harvested from another 8 patients (3 males and 5 females, aged 58-72 years) with osteoarthritis undergoing THA as control group. HE stainging was used to observe the histological character, and low-wear or high-wear was identified according to metal or polyethylene particles amount in osteolysis group. The CD34 immunohistochemical staining was used to mark the blood vessels. Microvessel density and microvessel index were calculated with the use of image analysis software. ResultsHistological observation showed that wear particles and numerous macrophages/multinucleated giant cells accumulated in the membrane of osteolysis group, while many fibroblasts and synovial cells existed in non-osteolysis group. The microvessels density and microvessel index were significantly lower in non-osteolysis group than those in osteolysis group and control group (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference in microvessel density and microvessel index between osteolysis group and control group (P>0.05). There were less microvessel density and microvessel index in heavy-loaded metal or polyethylene wear particles areas than those in low-loaded metal or polyethylene wear particles areas (P＜0.05), and there was no significant difference in microvessel index and microvessel index between low-wear group and high-wear group for either polyethylene or metal particles (P>0.05). ConclusionThe phagocytosis of macrophage in periprosthetic tissues need vicinal microvessels formation and blood supply to some extent. Vascular injury and decreased blood supply at the implant-bone interface seem to be one of the reasons for insufficient implant osseointegration and aseptic loosening.
Objective To investigate the effects of sustained-release basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on healing of bile duct defect. Methods A model of bile duct wall defect (2 cm in length and 1/3-2/3 of the bile duct circumference in width) was made in 24 pigs (male or female, weighing 15-30 kg), and then defect was repaired with sustained-release bFGF collagen membrane (2.0 cm × 1.0 cm × 0.5 cm in size) in the experimental group (n=12) or with collagen membrane (2.0 cm × 1.0 cm × 0.5 cm in size) alone in the blank control group (n=12). Another 4 healthy pigs were used to obtain normal bile duct as normal control group. The survival condition of pigs was observed after operation; at 1, 2, and 3 months after operation, the blood sampling was collected to test the changes of liver function, and the bile duct specimens were harvested to count the microvessel density (MVD) and submucosal gland by HE staining and immunohistochemistry staining; and at 3 months after operation, cholangiography examination was done. Results All the animals survived to completion of the experiment. Intra-abdominal adhesion was serious in the experimental and blank control groups at 1 week after operation, but the adhesion was markedly improved in the experimental group when compared with the blank control group with time passing. The liver function test showed that alkaline phosphatase in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group at 2 and 3 months (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference in aspartate aminortransferase, total bilirubin, and albumin was found among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). The histology and immunohistochemistry staining observations showed that the regeneration rates of submucosal glands and epithelium in the experimental group were faster than those in the blank control group; defect was covered with the epithelium at 2 months, and the structure was similar to that of normal control group at 3 months; and the edema and inflammation infiltration were reduced when compared with the blank control group. The counts of MVD and submucosal gland were significantly higher than those in blank control group and normal control group at 1 month after operation (P lt; 0.05), and then decreased and remained at normal levels at 2 months after operation. There was a positive correlation between submucosal gland counting and MVD counting in 3 groups after operation (P lt; 0.01). The cholangiography examination showed no biliary dilatation or cholelithiasis after 3 months in experimental group and blank control group. Conclusion Sustained-release bFGF can promote healing of bile duct defect by accelerating the vascularization, gland regeneration, and epithelialization.
ObjectiveTo detect the expressions of microvessel density (MVD)-CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hepatic alveolar hydatid tissue in gerbil model and explore their clinical significances. MethodsSixty health gerbils were randomly equally divided into two groups, an experimental group and a sham operation group, each gerbil was given liver vaccination by opening their abdominal. Each gerbil in the experimental group was injected with approximately 400 echinococcus protoscoleces (0.1 mL), and each gerbil in the sham operation group received a corresponding volume of physiological saline. Six gerbils were sacrificed on day 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100. The hepatic alveolar hydatid tissue (AE) and its surrounding liver tissue (HSAE) were collected from the experimental group and the normal liver tissue (NL) was collected from the sham operation group, and the expressions of MVD-CD34 and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemistry staining (EnVision method). ResultsEchioncoccus multilocularis hydatid tissues were observed over the liver and in the partly abdominal cavity in the experimental group each gerbil by general observation. The expressions of CD34 and VEGF were observed in the AE at each time point after infection and located in the cytoplasmic of endothelial cells. The number of MVD-CD34 of AE at each time point in the AE was (9.83±3.87)/HP, (25.33±6.71)/HP, (34.50±5.50)/HP, (37.67±5.71)/HP and (44.67±4.93)/HP, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the HSAE〔0/HP, (1.17±0.98)/HP, (3.50±1.38)/HP, (5.83±2.71)/HP, and(8.83±2.48)/HP, respectively〕and NL (all were 0), P < 0.05. The point of VEGF at each time point in the AE was 2.95±0.46, 3.90±0.68, 4.27±1.05, 5.33±0.95, and 4.50±0.81 respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the HSAE(1.07±0.63, 1.38±0.75, 1.55±0.83, 1.67±0.47, 2.10±0.55, respectively) and NL (1.02±0.83, 1.12±0.63, 1.26±0.26, 1.20±0.74, 1.21±0.28), P < 0.05. ConclusionAngiogenesis might be involved in infiltrated growth of alveococcus, and VEGF might contribute to angiogenesis of alveolar hydatid tissue.
ObjectiveTo study the effects of angiogenesis inhibitor SU5416 on the microvessel density(MVD) of pancreatic cancer and to evaluate its influence on the growth and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Methods A rat model of pancreatic cancer was established with dimethylbenzanthracine(DMBA). 60 rats with pancreatic cancer were randomly divided into 4 groups: saline group, 5-Fu group, SU5416 group, 5-Fu and SU5416 group. Thirteen weeks after injection, the microvascular density (MVD) of pancreatic cancer was detected.Results The microvascular densities (MVD) were (12.3±3.2)%, (11.4±3.8)%, (2.1±1.5)% and (1.8±1.1)% in the saline group, 5-Fu group, SU5416 group and 5-Fu+SU5416 group respectively. The MVDs in the SU5416 group and 5Fu+SU5416 group were statistically lower than those in the saline group and 5-Fu group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference between the 5-Fu group and saline group(Pgt;0.05). ConclusionSU5416 can inhibit the microvascular growth in pancreatic cancer. And the inhibition can be enhanced when combined with chemotheraputic drugs.
【摘要】 目的 比较酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(acid fibroblast growth factor,aFGF或FGF1)在正常乳腺组织、乳腺良性肿瘤及乳腺癌中的表达差异,探讨FGF1与乳腺癌血管生成的关系。方法 应用免疫组织化学(immunohistochemistry,IHC)SP法检测FGF1在40例乳腺癌组织、12例良性乳腺肿瘤组织及12例正常乳腺组织中的表达情况；以CD34抗体标记血管内皮细胞CD34抗原行乳腺癌组织微血管密度(micro vessel density,MVD)计数。〖HTH〗结果〖HTSS〗 FGF1在40例乳腺癌中的阳性表达率（57.5%，23/40)显著高于12例乳腺良性肿瘤组织中阳性表达率(16.7%,2/12)以及正常乳腺组织阳性表达率(0,0/12),差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)；良性肿瘤组FGF1表达率和正常乳腺组织比较无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。40例乳腺癌组织MVD计数为(70.17±29.33)个/HP,在23例FGF1阳性组中MVD计数为(89.48±23.23)个/HP,显著高于17例阴性组(44.06±12.53)个/HP,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)。〖HTH〗结论 〖HTSS〗FGF1可能参与乳腺癌微血管生成。
Objective To investigate perfusion features of gastric antrum cancer by 64-multidetector CT and to assess the correlation between perfusion CT parameters and immunohistochemical markers of angiogenesis in gastric cancer. Methods Perfusion CT was performed in 30 patients with gastric antrum cancer （gastric antrum cancer group） and 24 patients with normal stomach (control group), and postoperative specimens were stained using a polyclonal antibody to VEGF and CD34. The correlation between perfusion parameters and microvessel density (MVD), and VEGF were analyzed. Results Blood volume (BV) increased in the gastric antrum cancer group (Plt;0.01). There was no significant difference in perfusion (PF), peak enhancement (PE), or time to peak (TTP) between the gastric antrum cancer and the normal groups (Pgt;0.05). BV was positively significantly correlated with MVD （r=0.522, P=0.02), but no significant correlation was found between PF （r=0.072, P=0.78), PE （r=0.253, P=0.31), or TTP （r=0.235, P=0.35) and MVD. No correlation was found between PF （r=-0.208, P=0.45), PE （r=-0.251, P=0.37), TTP（r=-0.284, P=0.31), or BV（r=-0.472, P=0.09) and VEGF.Conclusion Blood volume can evaluate the angiogenesis of tumor and perfusion CT can be a tool to assess microvessel status in gastric antrum cancer.
Objective To detect the expression of thromhospondin-1 （TSP-1） in gastric cancer and metastaticlymph node tissues， and to study its relationship of TSP-1 to clinicopathologic parameters or tumor angiogenesis. Methods The TSP-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） expressions and microvessel density （MVD） were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 72 specimens obtained by gastric resection from patients with gastric cancer， including corres-ponding adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissues （distant from cancer ≥5 cm） and lymph nodes surrounding cancer. A semiquantitative scoring system was used for evaluating the staining. The relationship of TSP-1 to VEGF expression， MVD， or clinicopathologic parameters was analyzed. Results ① TSP-1 positive expression rate was 45.8% （33/72） in the primary gastric cancer tissues， 90.3% （65/72） in the corresponding adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissues， and 50.8% （30/59） in the metastatic lymph nodes tissues. The expressions of TSP-1 in the primary gastric cancer tissues and metastatic lymph nodes tissues were significantly lower than those in the adjacent normal gastric mucosa tissues （χ2=32.710，P=0.000；χ2=25.298， P=0.000）. The expression of TSP-1 had no statistical significance in the primary gastric cancer tissues as compared with in the metastatic lymph nodes tissues （χ2=0.327， P=0.568）. ② The expression of TSP-1 in the metastatic lymph nodes tissues was significantly lower than that in the non-metastatic lymph nodes tissues （Z=-2.573， P=0.010）. ③The expression of TSP-1 in the primary gastric cancer tissues and metastatic lymph nodes tissues suggested a negative correlation with VEGF （rs=-0.309， P=0.008；rs=-0.269， P=0.040） and MVD （rs=-0.348， P=0.003；rs=-0.272， P=0.037）. Conclusions TSP-1 expression is down-regulated and has a negative correlation with VEGF and MVD in the primary gastric cancer and the metastatic lymph nodes tissues. According to the present results， it seems likely that TSP-1 is a tumor angiogenesis inhibitor.
ObjectiveTo study the effects of the expressions of endostatin, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and CD34 on oncogenesis and progression of gallbladder cancer, and to explore some valuable criterias for its biotherapy. Methods The expressions of endostatin, bFGF and CD34 were studied by means of immunohistochemistry (SP) in 61 cases of gallbladder cancer and 10 cases of normal cholecystic tissue, and microvessel density (MVD) was calculated by the expression of CD34. Their relationships with clinical pathological features were also investigated. Results The expression rates of endostatin in normal cholecystic tissue and in gallbladder cancer tissue were 40.00% (4/10) and 77.05% (47/61) respectively, which had statistical difference (P＜0.05). The expression of endostatin in 61 cases of caner was relational to clinical stage and metastasis of lymph nodes (P＜0.05), while no significant correlation was detected with sex and age of patient, location of tumor, size of tumor and histologic grade (P＞0.05). The expression rates of bFGF in normal cholecystic tissue and in gallbladder cancer tissue were 20.00%（2/10） and 67.21% （41/61） respectively, which had statistical difference (P＜0.05). The expression of bFGF in 61 cases of caner was relational to clinical stage and metastasis of lymph nodes (P＜0.05), while no significant correlation was detected with sex and age of patient, location of tumor, size of tumor and histologic grade (P＞0.05). MVD in gallbladder cancer tissue and in normal cholecystic tissue was （76.66±20.15） piece/HP and (29.53±5.03) piece/HP respectively, showing significant difference (P＜0.01). In 61 cases of cancer, MVD in clinical stage Ⅲ～Ⅴ 〔(80.53±17.98) piece/HP〕 was much higher than that in stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ 〔(46.79±5.38) piece/HP〕, P＜0.01; MVD was higher in those with lymph nodes metastasis 〔(94.60±7.28) piece/HP〕 than those without metastasis 〔(58.12±9.24) piece/HP〕, P＜0.01; and MVD was (60.59±14.71) piece/HP in histologic grade G1， (83.08±15.30) piece/HP in G2， and (96.53±6.92) piece/HP in G3, the difference was significant among them （P＜0.01）. There was no significant correlation between MVD and sex and age of patient, location of tumor and size of tumor (P＞0.05). There were statistically significant correlations between expressions of endostatin and MVD （P＜0.01）, expressions of bFGF and MVD （P＜0.01）. Conclusions The result suggests that endostatin, bFGF and CD34 play roles in oncogenesis and progression of gallbladder cancer. Detection of these proteins has positive effects on diagnosis, malignant degree determination and treatment of gallbladder cancer.
目的 通过复制人肝癌细胞株HepG2裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型，观察绿茶提取物表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）干预对HepG2移植瘤新生血管生成的影响。 方法 瘤体接种复制HepG2移植瘤模型，荷瘤裸鼠20只随机分组，实验组给予EGCG溶液每日20 mg/（kg·只），腹腔注射3周，对照组给予等量灭菌注射用水3周，末次用药24 h，后处死裸鼠，剥离移植瘤。常规病理切片观察移植瘤组织结构；逆转录-聚合酶链式反应和免疫组织化学法检测移植瘤缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）mRNA及蛋白表达，并通过检测CD34表达计数瘤组织微血管密度（MVD）。 结果 组织病理学观察实验组移植瘤见大量坏死区，瘤体内血管数量明显少于对照组；实验组HIF-1α、VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达水平比对照组均明显下调（P＜0.05），实验组MVD比对照组明显下降（P＜0.05）。 结论 EGCG可抑制荷瘤裸鼠HepG2移植瘤新生血管生成。