Objective To investigate the risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of solitary pulmonary nodule （diameter≤3cm）. Methods From Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2002, the clinical data of 297 patients with solitary pulmonary nodule were reviewed. Chi-square or t-test were used in univariate analysis of age, gender, symptom, smoking history, the size, location and radiological characteristics of nodule, and logistic regression in multivariate analysis. Results Univariate analysis revealed that malignancy was significantly associated with age （P=0. 000）, smoking history （P=0. 001）, the size （P=0. 000） and radiological characteristics （P=0. 000） of nodule. In multivariate analysis （logistic regression）, it was significantly associated with age （OR = 1. 096）, the size （OR = 2. 329） and radiological characteristics （OR=0. 167） of nodule. Conclusion Age and the size of nodule could be risk factors. Radiological findings could help distinguish from malignant nodules.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of limb function and the methods of bone and soft tissue reconstruction of patients treated with allografting. METHODS: From May 1992 to January 1999, 90 patients suffered from bone malignant tumor were treated with allografting in different methods of internal fixations. The average follow-up was 37.5 months. The limb postoperative function, complications related to different surgical methods were compared according to Enneking evaluation system. RESULTS: Skin necrosis, infection, non-union, fracture of allograft were the main complications which affect patients’ limb postoperative functions. Of the 90 fresh-frozen allografting procedures, the final results of operation showed that hip joints and knee joints were better than the shoulder joints. More than 80% of the patients treated with interlocked intramedullary nail and allograft-prosthesis combination led to an over-all result that was excellent and good. Interlocked intermedullary nail was of recommended method of internal fixation. Early exercises of operative limbs could promote function recovery. CONCLUSION: Using of interlocked intramedullary nail and allograft-prosthesis combination are of recommended operation method and can be applied with better results, and early exercises of operative limbs will lead to better functions.
Abstract: Cardiovascular involvement by advanced thoracic malignancies direct extension or metastasis is a group of fatal diseases with urgent conditions. Recently the technique of cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) has been widely used in the management of advanced thoracic malignancies. The application of this technique not only extended operation indications of these diseases, but also decreased mortality, improved the quality of life and overall survival time. This paper reviewed the history, present status, indications of operation, methods of operation, postoperative complications, efficacy, evaluation and prospect of surgical management requiring CPB for advanced thoracic malignancies.
Objective To detect the expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) in laryngeal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, maxillary sinus carcinoma, and parotid carcinoma, exploring the relationship between the expression of the four cancers and their occurrence and progression. Methods A total of 24 specimens of head-neck carcinoma were collected in surgery from April 2015 to March 2017, including 8 cases of laryngeal carcinoma, 8 cases of thyroid carcinoma, 4 cases of maxillary sinus carcinoma, and 4 cases of parotid carcinoma. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique for TfR1 mRNA and western blot for TfR1 protein was performed in those tumor tissues and their adjacent normal tissues. Results The relative expression level of TfR1 mRNA in the tumor tissues of laryngeal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, maxillary sinus carcinoma, and parotid carcinoma was 0.078±0.002, 0.065±0.044, 0.076±0.014, 0.067±0.004, respectively; while the relative expression level of TfR1 mRNA in the adjacent normal tissues of the four cancers was 0.021±0.012, 0.011±0.007, 0.017±0.013, 0.028±0.007, respectively. The relative expression level of TfR1 protein in the tumor tissues of laryngeal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, maxillary sinus carcinoma, and parotid carcinoma was 0.668±0.206, 0.640±0.066, 0.452±0.095, 0.925±0.221, respectively; while the relative expression level of TfR1 protein in the adjacent normal tissues of the four cancers was 0.359±0.113, 0.424±0.096, 0.280±0.093, 0.519±0.037, respectively. The expression levels of TfR1 mRNA and TfR1 protein in the tumor tissues of the four cancers were all higher than those in their adjacent normal tissues (P<0.05). Conclusions The expression levels of TfR1 mRNA and TfR1 protein in the tumor tissues of laryngeal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, maxillary sinus carcinoma and parotid carcinoma are up-regulated. TfR1 may be involved in the occurrence and progression of the four cancers, and it may be responsible for tumor proliferation by providing necessary raw materials for the proliferation of tumor cells.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the occurrence, metastasis, and treatment of colon cancer. MethodsThe literature on the structure and the property of molecular biology of NFκB, the relationship between NFκB and apopotosis, malignant tumor and colon cancer were reviewed.ResultsNFκB had action of antiapopotosis. The occurrence of malignant tumor had close relation with the oncogene by NFκB, the metastasis of malignant tumor was that cell of cancer escaped the killing and supervising of immunity by NFκB. NFκB affected the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer by regulating cmyc, Cox2, ICAM1.Conclusion NFκB has important action in the occurrence and metastasis of colon cancer. It will become a new target of treatment.
Objective To understand the research progress and future prospects of the growth arrest specific protein 6/Axl receptor tyrosine kinase (Gas6/Axl) signaling pathway in gastrointestinal malignant tumors. Method Retrieve relevant literature on the Gas6/Axl signaling pathway in gastrointestinal malignant tumors and analyze and summarize. Results The Gas6/Axl signaling pathway was abnormally upregulated and activated in gastrointestinal malignancies, leading to malignant cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal malignancies. At present, in the field of gastrointestinal cancer, the research of Gas6/Axl signaling pathway mainly involved tumor angiogenesis, tumor drug resistance, mesenchymal epithelial transformation, and tumor microenvironment. Conclusions The Gas6/Axl signaling pathway plays a critical role in governing various cellular processes and downstream effects. Its aberrant expression contributes to the development and advancement of gastrointestinal malignancies through diverse mechanisms. Thoroughly exploring the involvement of the Gas6/Axl signaling pathway in gastrointestinal tumors is of utmost significance, as it holds the potential to unveil novel therapeutic targets for effective management of gastrointestinal malignancies.