目的 评价CT及MRI在中晚期胆囊癌周围脏器侵袭和转移中的诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析我院2003年3月至2010年6月期间收治的经手术病理证实的中晚期胆囊癌患者45例，所有患者术前均同时行CT和MRI检查。结果 ①在诊断胆囊癌方面，CT诊断符合率为93.33% （42/45），MRI诊断符合率为88.89% （40/45），二者比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.287 2，P＞0.05）。②在诊断胆囊癌转移的敏感度方面，肝脏直接浸润和转移诊断方面CT为72.00% （18/25），MRI为92.00% （23/25）；胆管受侵诊断方面CT为83.33% （5/6），MRI为100% （6/6）；胰腺转移诊断方面CT为100% （3/3），MRI为100% （3/3）；淋巴结转移诊断方面CT为70.00% （7/10），MRI为90.00% （9/10）；腹膜、网膜转移诊断方面CT为33.33% （1/3），MRI为33.33% （1/3）。诊断胆囊癌转移的总诊断符合率CT为72.34%（34/47），MRI为89.36% （42/47），MRI明显高于CT （χ2=4.083 3，P＜0.05）。结论 MRI在诊断胆囊癌方面与CT相当，但在诊断肿瘤侵犯邻近器官及转移方面MRI略优于CT。
目的 探讨老年人结肠脾曲综合征的诊治方法。方法 对1993年9月至2003年9月收治的22例老年人结肠脾曲综合征患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 临床表现为便秘伴腹痛、腹胀、消瘦、头痛、头晕、心悸、腹膜炎等； X线钡剂灌肠造影检查示结肠脾曲过高、迂曲成角，甚至扭转，可伴有横结肠冗长。行横结肠与降结肠侧侧吻合术，切除冗长结肠，随访2～8年，疗效满意。结论 对老年结肠脾曲综合征患者，钡剂灌肠检查应是常规检查，一旦确诊，应手术治疗。
Objective To investigate the possibility of laparoscopic cholecystectomy （LC） on porcelain gallbladder. Methods Twenty-four cases of porcelain gallbladder， who were operated in China Medical University， including 13 LC cases， from 2006 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Of 24 porcelain gallbladder cases (0.48%) in 4964 cholecystectomy patients， calcification of gallbladder in 87.50%(21/24) patients was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Of 13 patients who were cured by LC, one suffered from postoperative leak bile, no metastasis were found by following up 12 or 14 months in two gallbladder carcinoma cases. Conclusion There’s specificity of ultrasonographic image in porcelain gallbladder, in which LC is safe to be performed and routine frozen pathology during operation is necessary.
Objective To explore the clinical value and experience of ultrasound guided combined with laparoscopic microwave ablation in treatment for special site liver cancer．Methods The clinical data of 9 patients with liver cancer treated by ultrasound guided combined with laparoscopic microwave ablation in our hospital from February 2008 to October 2010 were analyzed retrospectively．Results There were 6 cases of primary liver cancer， 3 cases of metastatic hepatic carcinoma. Eight cases of multiple tumors， 1 case of single tumor．There were one or more lesions invading liver capsular，a total of 13 lesions in all the patients． Among them，6 lesions located in diaphragm， 3 closed to bowel， 2 neared stomach，1 located in gallbladder bed and 1 in hilar．No serious complications and no death happened during operation．The following-up time was （9.2±4.7） months （4 to 18 months）， there were 2 lesions of part residual， including 1 case of microwave ablation again，1 case of percutaneous ethanol ablation， and 11 lesions of complete ablation （84.6%，11/13） 1 month after operation by CT examination．Four cases recurred 3 months after operation by CT examination， including 2 cases of microwave ablation again，1 case of percutaneous ethanol ablation，1 patient with pulmonary metastasis and giving up treatment，1 patient with poor liver function and died of liver failure 6 months after operation；1 patient with multiple lesions died of brain metastases 10 months after operation； the rest were still alive．Conclusions Ultrasound guided combined with laparoscopic microwave ablation is a safe and effective method in the treatment for special site liver cancer，the curative effect is good and worth of spread．
目的比较单孔腹腔镜与传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术的临床效果。 方法选取2012年9月至2013年5月期间于我院就诊的胆囊良性疾病患者，分别接受单孔腹腔镜胆囊切除术（单孔腹腔镜组，45例）和传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术（传统腹腔镜组，48例），分别观察并对比2组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后（6 h和24 h）疼痛评分、止疼药物的应用率、术后住院时间及患者对切口的满意度。 结果2组患者术前的一般特征差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。单孔腹腔镜组的手术时间明显长于传统腹腔镜组〔（59.11±14.15）min比（40.21±11.11）min，P=0.00〕，术后6 h疼痛评分及止痛药物应用率均明显低于传统腹腔镜组〔6 h疼痛评分：（3.33±1.41）分比（4.60±1.30）分，P=0.00；止痛药物应用率：6.67%（3/45）比31.25%（15/48），P=0.04〕，术后患者对切口的满意度评分明显高于传统腹腔镜组〔（4.76±6.00）分比（2.60±0.76）分，P=0.02〕。单孔腹腔镜组和传统腹腔镜组的术中出血量、术后24 h疼痛评分及术后住院时间比较差异均无统计学意义〔术中出血量：（14.67±4.80）mL比（13.85±3.85）mL，P=0.36；24 h疼痛评分：（1.60±0.65）分比（1.80±0.70）分，P=0.14；术后住院时间：（3.11±0.77）d比（3.06±0.67）d，P=0.75〕。2组均无并发症发生。 结论单孔腹腔镜较传统腹腔镜胆囊切除术可减轻术后疼痛，美容效果好，且并不增加手术风险。
Objective To investigate the effects of hand assistant laporoscopic splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization on systemic stress responses. Methods Forty patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension were selected， 20 cases of which were underwent hand assistant laparoscopic splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization (LAP group)， and the other 20 were underwent open splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization (OP group). The levels of blood glucose （BG）, insulin (Ins), triiodothyronine （T3）, tetraiodothyronine （T4）, corticosteroid （CS） and other related clinical data were measured before operation and on day 1-3 after operation, which were compared between two groups. Results There was no statistical significance between two groups on those levels before operation. On day 1 after operation， BG and CS level in both two groups were higher than those before operation (P＜0.05), but they were recovered on day 2 after operation in LAP group (Pgt;0.05), and on day 3 after operation in OP group (Pgt;0.05). BG and CS level in OP group were markedly higher than those in LAP group on day 2 after operation (P＜0.05). On day 1 after operation， Ins, T3 and T4 level of two groups were lower than those before operation (P＜0.05), but they were recovered on day 2 after operation in LAP group (Pgt;0.05) and on day 3 after operation in OP group (Pgt;0.05). Ins, T3 and T4 level in OP group were lower than those in LAP group on day 2 after operation (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in operation time between two groups (Pgt;0.05). But laparoscopic surgery had more advantages than conventional open surgery such as reducing bleeding quantity in operation, shortening recovery time of bowel and urinary bladder function and the length of stay. Conclusion Compared with laparotomy, the laparoscope not only imposes less impact on physical stress system, but also makes recovery after operation more quickly.
目的探讨超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术（PTGD）联合二期腹腔镜胆囊切除术（LC）治疗急性胆囊炎的安全性和可行性。 方法回顾性分析我院2008年7月至2013年7月期间对急性胆囊炎先行PTGD后二期LC的117例患者的临床资料。 结果本组117患者PTGD术后均成功实施二期LC，PTGD术顺利，无并发症发生，PTGD管平均留置时间27.4 d（21～31 d）。LC采用单孔法33例，三孔法84例，全部病例均治愈。手术平均时间为48.5 min（32～92 min），腹腔引流管拔除平均时间为2.3 d（2～4 d）。无中转开腹者，无胆管损伤、出血、胆汁漏等并发症发生。病理结果为急性胆囊炎。本组随访患者无术后并发症。 结论超声引导下PTGD联合二期LC治疗急性胆囊炎安全、有效。
ObjectiveThrough the analysis of quantitative and functional changes in peripheral blood CD4+ CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) of early HCC patients before and after operation, to discuss the operation effect on the immune function from the aspect of immune suppression. MethodsExtracted the lymphocytes of peripheral blood in HCC patients before and after operation (case group, n=15) and normal people (control group, n=5 cases), and analyze the number and function of Treg by flow cytometer after extracellular (CD4, CD25) and intracellular (FOXP3) staining. ResultsCD4+CD25+ T cells and CD25+FOXP3+ T cells in preoperative peripheral blood in case group were significantly higher than those in control group (12.43±2.57)% vs. (5.56±1.02)%, (5.14±1.4)% vs. (2.18±0.83)%, Plt;0.05). These two cells decreased at 1 week after operation. 〔(10.56±2.13)%, (4.28±1.08)%〕, but there was not statistically significant (Pgt;0.05), they decreased significantly at 2 weeks after operation 〔(7.30±0.89)%, (3.43±0.83)%， Plt;0.05〕. CD8+ T cells and CD4+CD25- T cells in preoperative peripheral blood in case group were significantly lower than those in control group 〔（23.42±1.80）% vs. （29.22±2.26）%， （36.14±1.12）% vs. （43.69±2.78）%， Plt;0.05〕， These two cells decreased significantly at 2 weeks after operation 〔（27.15±1.71）%， （40.30±2.00）%〕. The analysis on the Treg and AFP correlation found that they have low correlation (r=048, Plt;0.05 ). ConclusionsThe hepatectomy can improve the immune response of HCC patient. Treg may have a certain auxiliary significance in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
目的 探讨胰腺囊性肿瘤的诊断及外科治疗方法。方法 对我院2003年4月至2012年4月期间收治的19例胰腺囊性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组19例患者中浆液性囊腺瘤8例，黏液性囊腺瘤5例，导管内乳头状黏液瘤4例，实性假乳头状瘤1例，囊腺癌1例。行B超或CT发现胰腺占位病变。位于胰头部5例，胰体部8例，胰尾部6例。行肿瘤摘除术4例，保留脾脏的胰体尾切除术5例，胰体尾＋脾脏切除手术3例，胰十二指肠切除术6例，1例囊腺癌患者因肝脏转移伴腹腔广泛转移、侵犯大血管而肿瘤不能切除仅行胃空肠、胆肠吻合。术后发生胰瘘2例，腹腔感染1例，经保守治疗后康复出院。无围手术期死亡病例。19例患者均进行了随访，随访时间6～80个月，平均45.2个月。1例囊腺癌合并肝脏转移患者于术后7个月死亡，其余良性肿瘤患者均未见复发，最长已存活5年。结论 胰腺囊性肿瘤主要靠影像学检查发现，手术切除是理想的治疗方法，选择合适的术式有助于避免术后并发症的发生和改善预后。