ObjectiveTo explore low-seniority nurses' attitudes regarding adverse events reporting. MethodA total of 200 low-seniority nurses were investigated with the Chinese version of Reporting of Clinical Adverse Events Scale from October to December 2013. Epidata software was used to collect and manage data and SPSS 17.0 software was applied to analyze the collected data. ResultsThe nurses who once witnessed or experienced adverse events accounted for 76%, of whom 74.3% reported adverse events. The mean score of reporting of clinical adverse events among low-seniority nurses was 48.5±7.2. Age was positively associated with the global scores of reporting of clinical adverse events, when compared with other variables (r=0.20, P=0.01). ConclusionsOverall, low-seniority nurses' attitudes toward reporting adverse events are negative. Age is positively associated with attitudes toward reporting adverse events. Therefore, a non-punitive culture should be established and an efficient reporting system is good to enhance the quality of care.
Macular edema is a common cause of visual loss in patients with retinal vascular diseases represented by diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion. Laser photocoagulation has been the main treatment for this kind of diseases for decades. With the advent of antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor and dexamethasone implant, diabetic macular edema and macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion have been well controlled; the use of laser therapy is decreasing. However, considering possible risks and complications, lack of extended inspection of efficacy and safety of intravitreal pharmacotherapy, laser therapy cannot be replaced by now. Therefore, the efficacy and safety of laser therapy will improve by sober realization of role of photocoagulation and proper selection of treatment indication.
目的 分析原发性乳腺淋巴瘤（PBL）的临床病理特点、诊断、治疗及预后。 方法 回顾分析2000年12月－2011年10月收治的19例PBL患者的临床资料和治疗随访情况。 结果 19例PBL患者均为女性，年龄34～72岁。根据Ann Arbor临床分期，Ⅰ期患者9例，Ⅱ期7例，Ⅲ期3例，而病理类型以弥漫大B淋巴瘤为主（13/19）。全部患者随访时间为6～113个月，中位随访时间为45个月，5年生存率为36.8%。 结论 PBL其预后与病理类型、分期及治疗方式有关。手术联合放射化学疗法为主要治疗方式，腋窝淋巴结清扫有一定的意义，但对PBL预后的影响值得商榷。此外，PBL易出现中枢神经系统转移，应定期复查。
Nowadays, one of the most challenging aspects of retinoblastoma (RB) therapy is how to control the resistant or recurrent viable vitreous seeds, for which intravenous chemotherapy appears to be ineffective. Recently, intravitreal chemotherapy offers another option to control advanced stage and vitreous seeds of RB, and may be a promising new approach to RB therapy. However, intravitreal injection for RB patients raises considerable controversy due to concerns of possible extraocular extension along the injection route, and should not replace the primary standard of care for bilateral RB or group E eyes of RB. Close follow-up and further studies are needed to determine appropriate indications, to determine the effective drugs and concentrations, to optimize RB therapy protocols and to investigate the relationship between long-term efficacy and toxicities.
ObjectiveTo understand the levels of and influencing factors for knowledge of earthquake in the elderly population. MethodPeople who were older than 60 years in the earthquake area of Sichuan Province were surveyed by self-designed earthquake knowledge scale composed of 6 items with a point of 1-5 for each item between October and November 2013. The total score ranged from 6 to 30 points. ResultsUp to 1 509 elderly people participated the survey. The total score of earthquake knowledge was 13.33±4.85. The main resource for acquiring those knowledge was TV (76.87%). Occupation, education level, residency, marital status, residence, self-injury, health status, access to earthquake knowledge, and worrying about earthquake were related factors for their knowledge on earthquake (P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that the higher degree of education, having a spouse, living in city, more access to earthquake knowledge, worrying about earthquake were the promotion factors for earthquake knowledge preparedness. Self-injury, poor health were the factors that hindered the acquiring of earthquake knowledge preparedness. ConclusionsIt is necessary to train knowledge of earthquake for elderly people individually because they lack enough resources and tend to be affected by many factors.