Objective To determine the expression of the growth factors and the receptors related to angiogenesis in the intraocular tissues incarcerating in the sclerotomy sites. Methods Ten specimens from prolapsing intraocular tissues in sclerotomy sites during vitrectomy were obtained and serially sectioned in cryostate and were stained with a group of polyclonal antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor-A(PDGF-A) and transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) as well as their receptors by using a streptavidin peroxidase system. Results The tissues prolapsed from the sclerotomy sites were identified as retina(3 cases), vitreous tissues(3 cases), degenerated red blood cell components(2 cases), ciliary body(one case) and fibrous tissue(one case). All specimens expressed VEGF and bFGF as well as their receptors. PDGF-A, TGF-β1 and their receptors expressed in the most of specimens. The positive cells included retinal cells, ciliary non-pigmented epithelial cells and pigmented epithelial cells, fibrous cells and the cells in vitreous. Conclusions The intraocular tissues incarcerated in the sclerotomy entries express the growth factors and receptors related to angiogenesis. This might be one of the potential factors of developing anterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 34-37)
Objective To investigate the operative procedure and the effectiveness of eosinophil ic granuloma (EG) of long bones in children. Methods Between January 2005 and December 2009, 14 patients with EG of long bones were treated. There were 9 boys and 5 girls, aged from 1 to 13 years (mean, 6.5 years). The locations were femur in 5 cases, humerus in 4 cases, tibia in 2 cases, fibula in 1 case, and femur compl icated with tibia in 2 cases. The disease duration was7 days to 10 months (median, 2 months). X-ray films showed that osteolytic destruction had clear boundary, which did notinvolve the epi physeal plate. Of 14 cases, 12 cases of tumor were treated by curettage, autologous il iac bone or combined artificial bone graft repair, and 2 cases were treated by resection, autologous il iac reconstruction, plate and screw fixation. Five cases compl icated with pathological fracture underwent reduction and fixation. Results All cases were diagnosed pathologically as having EG. All incisions healed by first intention. A total of 12 patients were followed up 1 to 4 years (mean, 2 years). The X-ray films showed tumor focus and pathological fracture healed within 3 to 4 months (mean, 3.5 months). Tibial lesion was found in 1 case of femoral tumor after 8 months, and was curred after reoperation. No recurrence occurred in other 11 cases. According to comprehensive assessing standard of X-ray film and joint function, the results of all cases were excellent. Conclusion EG of long bones in children is more common in the femur and humerus. Tumor curettage and autologous il iac bone graft repair is an effective method, and postoperative prognosis is good. There may be multiple lesions, so long-term follow-up is needed.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence factors of the surgical effectiveness for solitary enchondroma of the hand with pathologic fracture. MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 65 patients with solitary enchondroma of the hand with pathologic fracture who were treated with operation and were accorded with selective standard between March 2010 and June 2013.There were 26 males and 39 females,aged 17 to 63 years (mean,36 years).The left hands were involved in 32 cases and the right hands in 33 cases.The tumor located at the metacarpus in 18 cases,and at the phalanx in 47 cases (at the proximal phalanx in 30 cases,at the middle phalanx in 9 cases,and at the distal phalanx in 8 cases).The duration from fracture to operation was 2 days to 2 years (mean,56 days).The operative methods were curettage and bone grafting.The ratios of the total active range of motion (ROM) of the metacarpophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint between ipsilateral and contralateral fingers were used to evaluate the ipsilateral fingers'function.The time of returning to work was recorded.The multiple linear regressions were performed to analyze the risk factors of the effectiveness. ResultsA total of 65 cases were followed up 5-44 months (mean,24 months).All incisions achieved primary healing.No infection,re-fracture,or recurrence occurred.The X-ray films showed fracture healing,the healing time was 5-10 weeks (mean,6.5 weeks).All the bone grafts healed well.At last follow-up,the ROM ratio of the fingers was 0.46-1.00(mean,0.90).The time of returning to work was 92-180 days (mean,130 days).Multiple linear regressions showed that internal fixation was risk factor for the ROM ratio of the fingers (P=0.013).The duration from fracture to operation,internal fixation,and the tumor site were risk factors for the time of returning to work (P<0.05). ConclusionTo obtain good effectiveness for patients with solitary enchondroma of the hand with pathologic fracture,it is suggested that immediate operative treatment including tumor curettage,open reduction,and internal fixation with plate and screws of the fracture.
ObjectiveTo observe and analyze the influencing factors for the prognosis of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug treatment in patients with macular neovascularization (MNV) under 45 years old. MethodsA retrospective clinical case study. A total of 89 MNV patients with 96 eyes who were diagnosed and treated with anti-VEGF drugs in Department of Ophthalmology of The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2020 to January 2024 were included in the study. The ages of all patients were ＜45 years old. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examinations; 49 eyes underwent OCT angiography (OCTA) examination. The BCVA examination was carried out using the international standard visual acuity chart and was converted into the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity for statistics. The macular foveal thickness (CMT) was measured using an OCT instrument. The size of the MNV lesion was measured using the software of the OCTA self-contained device. The affected eyes were given intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs once, and then the drugs were administered as needed after evaluation. The follow-up time after treatment was ≥6 months. During the follow-up, relevant examinations were performed using the same equipment and methods as before treatment. The last follow-up was taken as the time point for efficacy evaluation. According to the OCT image characteristics of the MNV lesions, the affected eyes were divided into the fibrous scar group and the non-fibrous scar group, with 52 (54.16%, 52/96) and 44 (45.83%, 44/96) eyes respectively. Comparing the CMT and BCVA at the last follow-up with those at the baseline, the affected eyes were divided into the CMT reduction group, the CMT increase group, the BCVA improvement group and the BCVA reduction group, with 66 (68.75%, 66/96), 30 (31.25%, 30/96) eyes and 74 (77.08%, 74/96), 22 (22.92%, 22/96) eyes respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for the comparison of non-normally distributed measurement data between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors affecting the prognosis of MNV patients. ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the age (Z=−0.928) and gender composition ratio (χ2= 0.123) between the fibrous scar group and the non-fibrous scar group (P＞0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with a follow-up time of ≥36 months and ＜36 months (χ2= 3.906, P=0.048); there were statistically significant differences in the size of the MNV lesions (Z=−2.385, P=0.017); there were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with different vascular network morphologies (χ2=12.936, P=0.001). Before treatment and at the last follow-up, the CMT of the affected eyes was 267.50 (237.25, 311.75) μm and 242.00 (217.25, 275.75) μm respectively; logMAR BCVA was 0.20 (0.10, 0.50) and 0.35 (0.16, 0.60) logMAR respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the CMT and logMAR BCVA before treatment and at the last follow-up (Z=−3.311,−1.984; P=0.001, 0.047). There were statistically significant differences in different ages (Z=−2.284), myopic diopter (χ2=7.437), etiology (χ2=6.956), and disease course (Z=−1.687) between the CMT reduction group and the CMT increase group (P＜0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the number of eyes with different subjective feelings between the BCVA improvement group and the BCVA reduction group (χ2=10.133, P＜0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the etiology was an independent risk factor for CMT thickening. ConclusionsAge, etiology, myopic diopter, disease course, follow-up time, lesion size and the morphology of the neovascular network are the influencing factors for the prognosis of anti-VEGF drug treatment in MNV patients under 45 years old. The etiology is an independent risk factor for CMT increase.
Axon guidance molecules, slit glycoprotein (Slit) and Roundabout receptors (Robo) were firstly identified in the central neural system of Drosophila melanogaster. The Slit-Robo signal plays a crucial role in axon guidance, inflammation, tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, of which the role of Slit2-Robo pathway in angiogenesis has drawn a greater attention and still remains conflicting. Herein, we provide a review on the role of Slit2-Robo pathway in ocular angiogenesis and vascularization of other organs and systems. We hope this review will be the basis of further study on the mechanism of Slit2-Robo signaling on angiogenesis and provide new target for the therapy on ocular vascular disease
Objective To observe the preventive and therapeutic effect of different times, spot reactions and spot density of argon laser photocoagulation on retinal neovas cularization of ischemic retinal vein occlusion (IRVO).Meth9al of 244 patients (268 eyes) with IRVO diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were treated by HGM argon laser photocoagulator with green-blue light with 200~500 μm lightspot, 0.1~0.5 s, 0.3~1.0 w, and II~III class spot reaction . All capillary nonperfusion areas (CNA) were photocoagulated, and so were the retinal neovascularization in some patients. The follow up periods were from 6 to 60 months. After 3 and 24 weeks after photocoagulation FFA was performed again. Photocoagulation was performed supplementarilly for the new CNA or incompletely photocoagulated areas. Ophthalmoscopic examination and FFA were performed in all the patients after half a year.Results Only 17 eyes (10.6%) with neovascularization were found after preventive photocoagulation in 160 eyes in non-neovacularization group. Sixty-nine eyes(63.9%) with neovascular atrophy and 39 eyes (36 .1%) with unsuccessful photocoagulation were found after therapeutic photocoagulation in 108 eyes in neovascularization group. There was statistical significance between the two groups (P＜0.01). Photocoagulation energy with reaction of III class and density of 1 lightspot diameter was more effective than which with reaction of II~III class and density of 1.5 lightspot diameter or reaction of ≤II class and density of 2 lightspot diameter (P＜0.01). Conclusion Efficacy of preventive photocoagulation is better than which of therapeutic photocoagulation. Photocoagulation energy with reaction of III class and density of 1 lightspot diameter is an effective method for IRVO.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：201-268)