Objective To summarize the application and advancement of liver transplantation for hepatic metastasis from neuroendocrine tumor. Methods Domestic and overseas publications on the study of liver transplantation for hepatic metastasis from neuroendocrine tumor in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results Liver transplantation can offer good relief of symptoms, long disease-free intervals, and potential cure in individual patients with hepatic metastatic tumor. Important selection criteria are well-differentiated tumors and a low proliferation rate (Ki67＜10%). Conclusion In carefully selected patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors, liver transplantation is an appropriate option.
Objective To evaluate the characteristics of two angiographic manifestation of ocular fundus in choroidal metastatic carcinomas. Methods Fundus fluoresein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed on 17 patients (24 eyes) with choroidal metastatic carcinomas, and the characteristics of these two kinds of angiograms were analyzed and compared each other. Results According to various clinical features, e.g., locations of metastatic tumor in ocular fundus, disease course, and different kinds of original malignancy, the findings of ocular fundus were divided into (1) Isolation type: FFA showed pinpoint and mottled leaks against hypofluorescence background, increased and confluent fluoresecence in later stage. ICGA showed the similar images as in FFA, except later appearance of leaks and the choroidal vesseles could be seen beneath the thin metastatic tumor mass.(2) Diffusion type: Tumors showed hypofluorescence in early stage and uneven ill-defined hyperfluorescence both in FFA and in ICGA. (3) Small metastatic carcinomas: Hypofluorescence in early stage and mild mottled hyperfluorescence were found in FFA as well as in ICGA. Conclusion Both FFA and ICGA are helpful in the diagnosis of choroidal metastatic tumors and ICGA may be conducive if there are some troubles in diagnosing the tumors with FFA. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 92-95)
Objective To determine the efficacy of radioisotopes to control metastasic pain in patients with tumor bone metastases and complications due to bone metastases (hypercalcaemia, bone fracture and spinal cord compression). The effectiveness of radioisotopes in relation to patient survival and adverse effects were also assessed. Methods MEDLINE (1966 to April 2005),EMBASE (1966 to April 2005), The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2005) and CBMdisc (1979 to April 2005) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data were extracted by two reviewers using a designed extraction form. The quality of included RCTs was critically assessed. RevMan 4.2 software was used for data analysis. Results Four RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that small dose of radioisotopes couldn’t control metastatic pain in short term(2 months) with relative risk (RR) 1.13, 95%confidence interval (CI) 0.34 to 3.76, but large dose can significantly control metastatic pain in medium term(6 month) with RR 1.90, 95％CI 1.23 to 2.92; no evidence was available to assess long term(≥12 months) effects. No study provided data on quality of life, mortality, bone metastatic complications (hypercalcaemia, bone fracture) and analgesic use etc. Leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were secondary effects associated with the administration of radioisotopes. The incidences of leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were significantly greater in patients treated by radioisotopes with RR 8.28, 95％CI 2.24 to 30.67, and RR 3.70, 95％CI 1.59 to 9.04, respectively. Conclusions There is some evidence indicating that large dose of radioisotopes can relieve metastatic bone pain over one to six months, but adverse effects, particularly leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, have also been experienced.
【Abstract】Objective To understand the features of lymphatic vessel, and to summarize the foundation and mechanism of the promotion and inhibition of tumor lymphangiogenesis recorded on the current studies of animal experiments and clinical researches. Methods The related literatures of the structural features of lymphatic vessel, lymphatic endothelial molecular markers, the origin of lymphatic tumors, the molecular mechanisms and regulatory factors were reviewed, and the relationship between tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, the treatment targeting at the formation of the anti-tumor lymphatic vessel and its existing problems were also analyzed. Results Hyperplasia of lymphatic vessels occurred during the process of tumor formation and progression. The structural features of the lymphatic vessels in the tumor were conducive to tumor lymphatic metastasis. In recent years, methods of anti-lymphangiogenesis and inhibition of tumor lymphatic metastasis had achieved considerable success in animal experiments. However, there were still a lot of problems need to be solved. Conclusion Tumor lymphangiogenesis has a significantly positive correlation between tumor lymphatic metastasis and patients’ prognosis, which may indicate that treatment against the formation of tumor lymphatic vessel maybe effective.
【Abstract】Objective To study the CT features of peritoneal Metastasis in postoperative patients of ovarian carcinomas. Methods CT appearance of peritoneal metastasis of ovarian carcinomas proved by surgery and pathology in 33 postoperative patients were reviewed. The CT features of the foci were recorded and analyzed, especially on the location, quantity, density and size.Results In the peritoneal cavity, 186 implant foci and 10 recurrent foci were found. metastasis often occurred in the right upper abdomen, especially the right subphrenic spaces. The most frequent locations were the right suprahepatic and subhepatic spaces, the small bowel mesentery, the gastrocolic ligament and the omentum. The density of the foci was most of solid. The size was ranged from 0.5~13 cm. Conclusion Peritoneal metastasis is the most frequent route of metastases for ovarian carcinomas. It is frequently found in upper abdomen, especially in the subphrenic spaces. Localized ascites in the peritoneal cavity is another important sign suggesting peritoneal implants. CT scan from the diaphragm to the pelvic floor will be helpful to diagnose peritoneal implants in cases of postoperative ovarian carcinomas.
【摘要】 目的 探讨喉癌组织中 EGFL7基因 mRNA表达与喉癌分化、转移及临床预后的关系。 方法 收集2008年5—11月共42例行喉癌手术患者的切除标本。用免疫组织化学法检测EGFL7蛋白在42例喉癌组织和配对癌旁组织中的表达情况，提取肿瘤及癌旁组织配对标本的总 RNA，用逆转录（RT）-PCR方法测定EGFL7基因表达，蛋白质印迹法测定EGFL7蛋白的表达，并结合临床资料，对 EGFL7基因差异表达与喉癌患者临床表现的相关性进行分析研究。 结果 对42例配对标本分别进行 EGFL7 mRNA荧光检测比较，30例标本的肿瘤组织中EGFL7基因mRNA表达明显高于癌旁正常喉组织。22例标本的肿瘤组织中EGFL7蛋白表达明显高于癌旁正常喉组织。EGFL7 mRNA的表达与喉癌淋巴结转移和浸润深度密切相关（Plt;0.05），而与患者的性别、年龄、吸烟、肿瘤分化程度等无关（Pgt;0.05）。 结论 EGFL7基因在喉癌组织中表达状态与喉癌的生长和浸润转移关系密切，EGFL7基因可望作为喉癌病情发展及指导临床治疗的标记物之一。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the association of EGF-like-domain, multiple 7 (EGFL7) mRNA expression level with the differentiation, metastasis and prognosis of laryngocarcinoma. Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from 42 patients undergoing surgery for laryngocarcinoma between May and November, 2008. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of EGFL7 in the 42 tumor tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues. Reverse transcriptional PCR (RT-PCR) was performed for amplification of EGFL7 mRNA from the 42 tumor tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues, and westerblot was adopted to determine EGFL7 protein expression. The differential EGFL7 mRNA expression was analyzed for its association with the clinical manifestations of the patients. Results EGFL7 mRNA expression was detected in all the laryngocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues adjacent to the carcinoma using fluorescence method. EGFL7 mRNA expression was significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in the adjacent tissues in 30 cases, and EGFL7 protein expression was also significantly higher in the tumor tissues than in the adjacent normal laryngeal tissues in 22 cases. Expression of EGFL7 mRNA was highly correlated with lymph node metastasis and T classification (Plt;0.05), but was not correlated with the patients’ gender, age, or tumor differentiation (Pgt;0.05). Conclusions EGFL7 mRNA expression is correlated closely with the differentiation and metastasis of laryngocarcinoma. EGFL7 may serve as a marker for assessing the progression of laryngocarcinoma and provide assistance for clinical therapeutic decisions.