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find Keyword "能力" 100 results
  • Effects of enhanced external counterpulsation for patients with chronic heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

    Objective To evaluate the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM databases from January 1, 2010 to October 1, 2022 were searched by computer for the randomized controlled trial (RCT) about the intervention of EECP in patients with heart failure. Two researchers independently screened literature and extracted data. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3. Results Nineteen RCTs were included. After EECP treatment, 6-minute walk distance (MD=57.37, 95%CI 40.89 to 70.85, P<0.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction improved (SMD=0.85, 95%CI 0.55 to 1.14, P<0.001). B-type natriuretic peptide decreased significantly (SMD=−0.67, 95%CI −1.09 to −0.25, P=0.002). The left ventricular end diastolic diameter (MD=−7.77, 95%CI −11.49 to −4.04, P<0.001), and the left ventricular end systolic diameter were significantly reduced (MD=−8.53, 95%CI −13.47 to −3.60, P<0.001). The quality of life of patients was improved (MD=16.34, 95%CI 0.59 to 32.10, P=0.04). Conclusion EECP can improve the exercise ability and the quality of life in patients with heart failure. However, more and larger well-designed RCTs are still needed to verify this conclusion.

    Release date:2024-09-20 01:01 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effects of Health Education Pathway Intervention on Self-care Agency and Health Lifestyle Promotion in Colostomy Patients

    ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of health education pathway intervention on self-care agency and health lifestyle promotion in colostomy patients. MethodsEighty-eight rectal cancer patients who had undergone colostomy were randomly divided into control group and intervention group (with 44 patients in each) between March 2012 and September 2013. The control group received conventional nursing only, while the intervention group were given health education pathway intervention besides conventional nursing. The self-care agency and health lifestyle promotion in the two groups under pre-colostomy state, one week after colostomy and two weeks after colostomy were surveyed and compared based on the exercise of self-care agency scale and the health promotion lifestyle profile. ResultsAfter health education pathway intervention, the scores of self-care agency and health lifestyle promotion in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the hospitalization expenditure was also obviously lower. Furthermore, the satisfaction degree on nursing service was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe health education pathway intervention can greatly improve self-care agency and quality of life in rectal cancer patients who have undergone colostomy.

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  • A Survey and Influence Factors Analysis for Activity of Daily Living Conditions of Hospitalized Elderly Patients

    ObjectiveTo evaluate the conditions of activity of daily living (ADL) and influence factors of ADL of hospitalized elderly (≥60 years old) patients. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the health and ADL conditions of hospitalized elderly patients in the geriatric department of a tertiary hospital in Chongqing by ADL scale. The influence factors of ADL were analysed by using logistic regression analysis. ResultsA total of 375 hospitalized elderly patients were included. The ADL impairment rate of female was 59.60% (93/156), the one of male was 75.90% (166/219), and there was significant difference between different sex (χ2=11.169, P=0.001). The impairment rate by age were 95.40% at 60 to 69 years old, 91.40% at 70 to 79 years old, 87.20% at 80 to 89 years old, and 98.55% at above 90 years old, respectively; there was significant difference among different age groups (χ2=8.575, P=0.036). The result of logistic regression analysis showed that age was the individual risk factor of ADL (OR=0.188, 95%CI 0.085 to 0.416, P=0.000). The difficulty of walking up and down stairs occupied the highest proportion (68.80%) in 10 items of ADL scale. ConclusionHospitalized elderly patients should be equipped with specialized paramedics to minimize the difficulties of ADL, in order to improve their quality of life.

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  • Analysis of 3 720 Criminal Responsibility Assessment Cases

    ObjectiveTo explore the characteristics of the criminal cases assessed by forensic psychiatry expertise in order to provide evidence for guiding forensic psychiatric practice, preventing and reducing criminal acts of patients with mental disorders. MethodsWe collected information of 3 720 criminal cases assessed in Forensic Psychiatry Department of Sichuan University, China from January 1997 to December 2011 by using the self-made questionnaire, and analyzed the demographic data, criminological characteristics and expert consensus of psychiatric diagnosis and legal ability. ResultsOut of 3 720 criminal cases, 3 211 (86.3%) were male, and 3 022 (81.2%) were between 18 and 45 years old. A total of 1 683 (45.3%) were married or remarried. A total of 3 178 (85.4%) were under junior middle school, and 3 221 (86.6%) were farmer or unemployed. Schizophrenia (46.7%), without psychosis (13.8%), mental retardation (9.6%) were the top three kinds of diagnosis. Homicide (42.7%), intentional injury (21.5%) and rape/indecency (8.1%) were the main crimes. A total of 1 616 (43.4%) were irresponsible, and 1 172 (31.5%) were with full responsibility. There was a significant correlation between the number of criminal cases in every year and years (rS=0.94,P=0.00), and significant correlation was also found between the percentage of mental disorder caused by drugs and years(rS=0.84,P=0.00), as well as the percentage of mental retardation and years(rS=0.72,P=0.00). ConclusionThe number of cases shows an increasing trend in forensic psychiatry assessment over years. Most of the suspects of criminal responsibility are young and middle-aged male with low level of education, farmer or unemployed. The top three diagnoses are schizophrenia, without psychosis and mental retardation.

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  • 香港理工大学授课模式在“全球医学教育基本要求”之体现

    【摘要】 目的 通过旁听香港理工大学物理治疗专业老师对四川大学临床医学院康复医学系2008级物理治疗专业学生的授课,并以《全球医学教育最低基本要求》中要求的7种基本能力为框架,体会香港理工大学老师的授课模式对培养医学生7种基本能力的的优势与效力,同时指出我国内地多数医学院校存在的不足,为我国普通高等医学院校在教学上为培养本科生的基本能力提供参考。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of Nursing Intervention on Activities of Daily Living Training of Cerebral Palsy Children

    目的:观察护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力训练的影响。方法:80例脑瘫患儿随机分为2组,常规组40例,实施常规护理;观察组40例,在常规护理基础上对患儿和家长给予护理干预,两组患儿治疗前后均进行日常生活自理动作评定。结果:治疗后,2组患儿ADL评分较治疗前有明显提高(Plt;0.05),与常规组比较,观察组患儿改善更明显(Plt;0.01)。结论:护理干预对脑瘫患儿生活自理能力的训练有促进作用。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Investigation and analysis of research capacity and demand of neurological nurses in Sichuan Province

    Objective To investigate the ways of scientific research knowledge acquirement, and the situation of research capacity and demand of neurological nurses in Sichuan Province. Methods From May to June 2015, 153 neurological nurses from 7 hospitals of Sichuan Province were enrolled by convenient stratified sampling method. The ways of acquiring scientific research knowledge, research capacity, and research demand of the nurses were investigated by questionnaire. Results Among the 153 nurses, there were 50.3% with low level, 47.7% with moderate level, and 2.0% with high level of scientific research capacity, respectively. The total scores of nursing research capacity ranged from 4 to 101. The dimension of " capacity of generating the research ideas” was the highest, and the dimensions of " capacity of designing research protocol” and " capacity of analyzing research data and material” were the lowest. Of the respondents, 66.2% had never attended any research training program, 51.3% acquired scientific research knowledge by themselves, and 65.6% were willing to participate research training courses. The respondents tended to study on their own by internet. There were significant differences in scientific research capacity among neurological nurses with different initial education, attending the college entrance examination or not, having attended research training and self-study or not (P<0.05). Conclusions Most nurses acquire scientific research knowledge by themselves, and insufficient research training couldn’t satisfy the research demand of neurological nurses. The initial education degree and research study intention are related to research capacity. However, due to the limited amount of samples, the positive influence of self-study and research training on the research capacity still need to be further explored.

    Release date:2018-06-26 08:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of IMPACT management mode on self-care and management abilities of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with implantable venous access port

    Objective To observe the effectiveness of IMPACT management mode on self-care and management abilities of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with implantable venous access port (VAP). Methods Breast cancer patients who underwent chemotherapy with VAP at Shangjin Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University between March 2020 and June 2021 were prospectively included. IMPACT mode was used for self-management training guidance. The patient self-care abilities before training and at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months of training were compared, and the patient self-management abilities at 1 month and 3 months of training were compared. Results A total of 74 patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with VAP were included. The total score of self-care ability of patients before training and at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months of training was 112.11±14.63, 123.20±15.73, 127.95±13.89, and 131.92±13.60, respectively, and all the between-time-point differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of self-concept score, all the between-time-point differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) with increasing score over time, except the difference between the score at 3 months of training and that at 2 months of training (P>0.05). In terms of self-responsibility and self-care skill scores, all the between-time-point differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) with increasing scores over time, except the difference between the score at 2 months of training and that at 1 month of training (P>0.05). In terms of health knowledge level, the scores at 1 month, 2 months, and 3 months of training were higher than that before training (P<0.05), and the score at 3 months of training was higher than that at 1 month of training (P<0.05). The self-management ability scores in all dimensions at 3 months of training were higher than those at 1 month of training, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The IMPACT management mode can effectively improve the self-care and management abilities of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with VAP, thereby ensuring the normal use of VAP, reducing the occurrence of complications, and reducing the burden on families and society.

    Release date:2023-06-21 09:43 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Investigation of medical technical service ability of primary health care institutions in Chengdu

    Objective To investigate the medical technical services of the primary health care institutions in Chengdu and provide suggestions to improve their capability. Methods From October to November 2016, a questionnaire survey was conducted towards all the 390 primary health care institutions (including urban community health service centers and rural township health centers) in the 22 districts/cities/counties of Chengdu. Descriptive statistical methods was used for analysis. Results A total of 390 questionnaires were issued, and 379 valid questionnaires were recovered. In the primary health care institutions, the proportion of laboratory technicians, ultrasound technicians, electrocardiogram technicians and radiological technicians accounting for overall medical staffs was 3.32%, 2.04%, 1.75%, and 2.43%, respectively. The setup rate of laboratory, B-ultrasonic room, electrocardiogram room in the urban community health service centers was 94.02%, 93.16%, and 94.02%, respectively, which was similar with the rural township health centers (93.51%, 95.42%, and 90.08%, respectively). The top three medical technical services provided by the primary health care institutions were blood glucose test (96.04%), blood routine test (95.25%) and urinary routine test (95.25%), and the latter three were lung function test (18.21%), blood gas analysis (8.18%) and CT (5.28%). Conclusion Primary health care institutions in Chengdu need to improve the standardization of medical technical projcects and improve their service capability.

    Release date:2017-08-22 11:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of Lidocaine-induced Seizure on Spatial Learning Memory in Rats

    目的 研究利多卡因对海马的神经毒性是否会对大鼠空间学习记忆能力产生影响,并探讨大鼠空间学习能力的变化与海马CA3区锥体细胞数目的相关性。 方法 将成年Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为基础值组(n=7)和利多卡因惊厥组(n=40)。基础值组大鼠静脉给予生理盐水后使用Y迷宫测定大鼠的空间学习能力。利多卡因惊厥组大鼠尾静脉持续输注利多卡因造成惊厥,待大鼠恢复正常运动以后放入鼠笼重新饲养。并于惊厥后第1、3、5、7天从中随机抓取大鼠测试其空间学习能力以及组织学改变。根据对应天数将利多卡因惊厥组的40只大鼠随机细分为Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组,每亚组10只。所有大鼠在测定空间学习能力之后立即处死,取出大脑并做石蜡包埋,冠状面切片后进行组织学检测,显微镜下评估海马CA3区锥体细胞状态。 结果 ① 基础值组和Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组大鼠的Y迷宫穿梭次数分别为(25.2 ± 3.7)、(27.1 ± 8.1)、(36.9 ± 9.9)、(38.7 ± 10.6)、(40.6 ± 16.3)次,除Day-1亚组与基础值组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余各亚组与基础值组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);② 与基础值组单位面积(10.3 ± 4.5)个(异常锥体)细胞比较,利多卡因惊厥组大鼠海马CA3区异常锥体细胞数增加,Day-1、Day-3、Day-5、Day-7亚组计数值分别为13.0 ± 7.2、15.6 ± 5.0、19.6 ± 8.1、18.1 ± 5.1,且与大鼠Y迷宫穿梭次数呈正相关(r=0.711,P<0.05)。 结论 利多卡因引起的惊厥使成年大鼠海马依赖性空间学习能力下降,利多卡因的神经毒性引起的海马异常锥体细胞增多可能是造成这一现象的一种原因。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:13 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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