目的 探讨外伤性脾破裂手术适应证和方法。方法 对77例外伤性脾破裂进行保脾手术治疗，按姜洪池脾损伤四级分类法： Ⅰ级8例，Ⅱ级41例，Ⅲ级18例，Ⅳ级10例。附加脾动脉结扎术6例。结果 死亡4例； 2例并粘连性肠梗阻。获随访45例，随访时间3个月至3年，仅4例儿童有反复上呼吸道感染，无1例发生脾切除后凶险感染(OPSI)。结论 根据脾损伤的部位和程度，可采用两种以上的联合保脾术式，对控制伤脾出血及保留脾脏功能有重要价值。
ObjectiveTo investigate the predictive factors of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) before and after splenectomy and gastroesophageal devascularization for liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension. MethodsSixty-one cases of liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension who underwent splenectomy and gastroesophageal devascularization were enrolled retrospectively. The patients were divided into PVT group and non-PVT group based on the presence or absence of postoperative PVT on day 7. The clinical factors related with PVT were analyzed. ResultsThere were 25 cases in the DVT group and 36 cases in the non-DVT group. The results of univariate analysis showed that the preoperative platelet (P=0.006), activated partial thromboplastin time (P=0.048), prothrombin time (P=0.028), and international normalized ratio (P=0.029), postoperative fibrin degradation product (P=0.002) and D-dimer (P=0.014) on day 1, portal venous diameter (P=0.050) had significant differences between the DVT group and non-DVT group. The results of logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the preoperative platelet (OR=0.966, 95% CI 0.934-1.000, P=0.048) and postoperative fibrin degradation product on day 1(OR=1.055, 95% CI 1.011-1.103, P=0.017) were correlated with the PVT. The PVT might happen when preoperative platelet was less than 34.5×109/L (sensitibity 80.6%, specificity 60.0%) or postoperative fibrin degradation product on day 1 was more than 64.75 mg/L (sensitibity 48.0%, specificity 91.7%). ConclusionPreoperative platelet and postoperative fibrin degradation product on day 1 might predict PVT after splenectomy and gastroesophageal devascularization for liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension.
Ｗｅ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ａｎｄ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ １８ ｃａｓｅｓ ｏｆ ｌｉｅｎａｌ ｈｙｄａｔｉｄｏｓｉｓ ｉｎ ｒｅｃｅｎｔ ｙｅａｒｓ．Ｆｉｆｔｅｅｎ ｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓ ｗｅｒｅ ｔｒｅａｔｅｄ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌｌｙ：７ ｃａｓｅｓ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｒｅｍｏｖａｌ ｏｆ ｅｎｄｏｃｙｓｔ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ａｓｐｉｒａｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｃｙｓｔ ｆｌｕｉｄ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｅｃｔｏｃｙｓｔｉｃ ｗａｌｌ ｏｐｅｎｅｄ ｏｒ ｆｉｌｌｅｄ ｗｉｔｈ ｇｒｅａｔｅｒ ｏｍｅｎｔｕｍ，２ ｃａｓｅｓ ｗｉｔｈ ｓｍａｌｌ ｃｙｓｔｓ，ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｃｌｏｓｕｒｅ ｏｆ ｅｃｔｏｃｙｓｔ ｂｙ ｓｕｔｕｒｅ ｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇ ｔｈｅ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ｃｌｅａｎｉｎｇ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌ ｃａｖｉｔｙ，Ｏｎｅ ｃａｓｅ ｒｅｃｅｉｖｅｄ ｌａｐｒａｓｃｏｐｉｃ ｃｙｓｔｅｃｔｏｍｙ ａｎｄ ５ ｃａｓｅｓ ｕｎｄｅｒｗｅｎｔ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ｒｅｓｅｃｔｉｏｎ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｐｌｅｅｎ．Ａｌｌ ｏｆ ｔｈｅ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ ｃａｓｅｓ ａｔｔａｉｎｅｄ ｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅ ｈｅａｌｉｎｇ．Ｉｎ ｔｈｉｓ ｐａｐｅｒ ｔｈｅ ｅｔｉｏｌｏｇｙ，ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃ ｃｒｉｔｅｒｉａ ａｎｄ ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌ ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｉｓ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄ ｍｅｔｈｏｄ ｏｆ ｓｕｒｇｉｃａｌ ｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔ ａｒｅ ｄｉｓｃｕｓｓｅｄ．
目的 探讨脾脏原发性肿瘤的诊断与治疗方法。方法 对我院1996～2003年收治的22例脾脏原发性肿瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 22例患者临床症状无特异性，术前均行B超检查，发现脾大21例，提示脾脏占位病变19例，该19例行CT检查，均发现脾大并提示有占位病变。手术病检证实良性肿瘤12例，恶性肿瘤10例。22例患者均行脾切除，其中有5例行淋巴结清扫，2例行侵犯脏器联合切除。结论 脾脏原发性肿瘤术前诊断主要靠B超、CT，其治疗首选外科手术。
Objective To evaluate feasibility and clinical application value of laparoscopic spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (LSPDP). Method The clinical data of 17 patients underwent LSPDP from January 2015 to June 2017 in this hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results The LSPDP was successfully completed in the 17 cases, with Kimura procedure and Warshaw procedure were performed in the 12 cases and 5 cases, respectively. The operative time was (218±60) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (136±114) mL, the time to get out of bed after surgery was (1.4±0.6) d, the postoperative fasting time was (2.0±0.8) d, and the postoperative hospital stay was (13.4±5.7) d. The rate of the postoperative pancreatic fistula was 17.6% (3/17). The spleen infarction occurred in the 2 cases following the Warshaw procedure. The pathologic examination showed that there were 2 patients with the serous cystadenoma, 7 patients with the mucinous cystadenoma, 3 patients with the solid pseudo-papillary tumor, 3 patients with the intraductal papillary mucinous cystadenoma neoplasm, and 2 patients with the insulinoma. All the patients were followed-up for 5 to 26 months (average 13 months), and the perigastric varice occurred in 1 patient, no recurrence or spleen infarction occurred during the following-up. Conclusion LSPDP is a safe, feasible and effective method with less injury and rapid recovery.
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy and experience of laparoscopic partial splenectomy. MethodsThe clinical data of 11 cases of splenic space occupying lesions in the author's hospital from January 2011 to May 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy were carried out in 11 patients. ResultsEleven patients were successfully completed the laparoscopic partial resection of spleen. Operative timewas 2.0-3.5 h, the average operative time was (2.5±0.3) h. Intraoperative blood loss was 155-320 mL, the average blood loss was (200.3±55.1) mL. Eleven patients who ride smoothly, there was no case of pancreatic injury, gastrointestinal injury, major bleeding and other complications. Postoperative patients recovered well, 24 h after operation gastrointestinal function recovery, and can get out of bed activities. Silicone drainage tube placement time was 3-5 d, the average for placing time was (4.0±1.3) d. about 60-100 mL, the average (70.3±15.8) mL. The average length in hospital was 5-8 d, patients with an average of (6.3±1.5) d, all of the patients without postoperative complications such as infection, splenic infarction. Postoperative pathologic results suggested 6 cases were spleen hemangioma, 3 cases were pseudocyst of spleen, and 2 cases were true epithelial cyst. Conciusions Laparoscopic partial spleen resection should fully grasp the operative indication, fully understand the pathological changes and the structure of door of the spleen, in earnest and patient, under the operation of laparoscopic spleen resection is safe, feasible, and the clinical curative effect is satisfied, worthy of clinical popularization and application.
目的 探讨外伤性脾破裂非手术治疗的可行性、适应证及其治疗效果。 方法 回顾性分析我院1990年1月至2005年1月收治的外伤性脾破裂非手术治疗46例临床资料。结果 非手术治愈43例，3例因提前下床活动致大出血而中转手术，其中1例并发膈下脓肿，仍经保守治疗痊愈。无死亡病例。结论 在严格掌握适应证前提下非手术治疗外伤性脾破裂安全可行，年龄及腹腔外合并伤不是影响非手术治疗的主要因素。
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of selective paraesophagogastric devascularization withoutsplenectomy in treatment of portal hypertension with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Methods The clinical data of 27 patients who received selective paraesophagogastric devascularization without splenectomy from 2008 to 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The hemogram， hepatic function， perioperative compliations， and free portal pressure （FPP） were observed. The patients were followed-up and the re-bleeding rate and survival rate were observed. Results The FPP decreased significantly（P＜0.05） after operation. The complication rate was 33.3%（9/27） after operation， including2 cases（7.4%） stress ulcer bleeding， 1 case （3.7%） acute bleeding portal hypertensive gastropathy， 1 case （3.7%） deep venous thrombosis， 1 case （3.7%） acute lung injury， 1 case （3.7%） death of hepatic encephalopathy， 3 cases（11.1%） new onset portal vein thrombosis. Twenty-four patients were followed up for an average of 27 months （8-57 months）. The overal survival rate was 92.6% （25/27）. Conclusion Selective paraesophagogastric devascularization without splenectomy is an effective method for treatment of portal hypertension with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of liver transplantation on splenic function in rats with hepatic cirrhosis. MethodsHepatic cirrhosis model was established in rats by subcutaneous injections of carbon tetrachloride. Liver transplantation model was established with twocuff technique. Spleen index, morphological changes of spleen were observed before and after liver transplantation in hepatic cirrhosis rats. Spleen T lymphocyte subgroups before and after liver transplantation were also assayed by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. ResultsBefore liver transplantation, spleen index was increased from (2.42±0.11) mg/g to (3.62±0.14) mg/g， P＜0.01; pathological examination of spleen samples showed that the areas of white pulp were decreased from (23.47±2.30)% to (7.70±2.01)%， P＜0.01， and the areas of spleen trabecula were increased from (1.75±0.61)% to (4.46±0.71)%， P＜0.01. Meanwhile, the ratio of CD4/CD8 of spleen T lymphocyte subgroups was decreased from 2.67±0.15 to 1.18±0.15, P＜0.01. After liver transplantation, spleen index was decreased from (3.62±0.14) mg/g to (2.62±0.11) mg/g， P＜0.01; pathological examination of spleen showed that the areas of white pulp were increased from (7.70±2.01)% to (15.07±1.97)%， P＜0.01, and those of spleen trabecula were decreased from (4.46±0.71)% to (3.11±0.51)%， P＜0.05. Meanwhile, the ratio of CD4/CD8 of spleen T lymphocyte subgroups was increased from 1.18±0.15 to 2.32±0.11, P＜0.01. ConclusionImpaired function of spleen resulting from liver function damage can be improved in rats with hepatic cirrhosis after liver transplantation.