Objective To retrieve and summarize evidence of non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disorders in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and to organize and evaluate the extracted evidence to provide evidence-based interventions for sleep disorders in patients with OA. Methods The relevant literature on non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disorders in patients with OA in BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate, JBI evidence-based healthcare center database, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario, Guidelines International Network, Medlive guidelines network, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang was systematically searched. The search deadline was June 30th, 2024. The retrieved results were integrated and analyzed to form evidence of non pharmacological interventions for sleep disorders in patients with OA. Results A total of 13 articles were included, including 1 evidence report, 5 guidelines, 2 expert consensus papers, 3 systematic reviews, and 2 randomized controlled trials. The summarized evidence involves six aspects of sleep screening, specialist visits, assessment tools, cognitive behavioral therapy, exercise therapy, and other measures, totaling 20 pieces of evidence. Conclusion Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disorders of patients with OA include multiple aspects, and this evidence can provide theoretical basis for developing intervention plans for sleep disorder of patients with OA, thereby improving their sleep quality and enhancing quality of life.
ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of non-drug interventions on improving sleep quality in ICU patients by network meta-analysis.MethodsThe Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on non-drug interventions on improving sleep quality in ICU patients from inception to December, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies, then, network meta-analysis was performed by using the Stata 13.0 software.ResultsA total of 12 RCTs, involving 1 223 patients and 9 non-pharmacological interventions (music therapy, comprehensive nursing intervention, TCM emotions, music therapy+TCM emotions, Chinese medicine pillow therapy, ear acupressure, eye mask+earplugs+music, eye mask+earplugs, regular care) were included. The results of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) showed that eye mask+earplugs, eye masks, and comprehensive nursing interventions were superior to conventional care in improving sleep quality in ICU patients, and the rankings were: eye mask+earplugs>eye mask>comprehensive nursing intervention, music therapy+TCM emotional>Chinese medicine emotional>music therapy>general care. The results of Richards-Campbell sleep scale (RCSQ) showed that eye mask+earplugs+music, Chinese medicine pillow therapy, and auricular pressure beans were superior to conventional care, and the rankings were: eye mask+earplugs+music>Chinese medicine pillow therapy>music therapy>ear acupressure beans>general care.ConclusionsThe evidence shows that in improving the sleep quality of ICU patients, eye mask + earplug, eye mask, comprehensive nursing intervention, music therapy + TCM emotional characteristics may all be effective intervention methods. It is suggested that more non-drug interventions should be carried out in the future for enhancing the sleep quality of ICU patients.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions on cognitive function in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment by the network meta-analysis. MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the objectives from inception to November 2022. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The network meta-analysis was then performed by using Stata 16.0 and Open BUGS 3.2.3 software. ResultsA total of 43 RCTs involving 2 986 patients were included, which involved 8 non-drug intervention methods. The best probability ranking results of the network meta-analysis showed that on the simple mental state scale (MMSE) scores: rTMS > acupressure > acupuncture therapy > exercise therapy > cognitive training > multicomponent intervention > VR > conventional care > health education, and on the Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA) scores: VR > exercise therapy > rTMS > acupuncture therapy > acupressure > cognitive training > health education > conventional care. Conclusion Current evidence shows that rTMS, acupressure, VR, exercise therapy and acupuncture may be effective interventions to improve cognitive function in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the economy of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) for COVID-19. MethodsThe Web of Science, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, INAHTA, CNKI, WanFang Data and SinoMed databases were electronically searched to collect studies on health economic evaluations from 1 January 2020 to 20 August 2022. Then the included materials were reviewed, extracted and data integration analysis were conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. ResultsSeventy-one academic publications were finally included, which contained 25 papers about nucleic acid testing, antigen testing and screening, 5 papers about personal protection, 12 papers about social distancing, quarantine and isolation, 11 papers about regional or national lockdown and 18 papers about multiple NPIs. The results showed that compared with no intervention, nucleic acid testing, antigen testing, screening and personal protection measures were economical. Social distancing, quarantine and isolation were also economical compared with no intervention. However, in low-income countries, movement restriction and factory shutdown may exact a heavy toll on the poorest and most vulnerable. Moreover, compared with a single long-term lockdown, multiple short-term lockdowns could be more economical, but the cost was still huge overall. ConclusionNPIs such as nucleic acid testing, antigen testing, personal protection, social distancing, quarantine, isolation and factory shutdown are economical. Although regional or national lockdown can save lives, it is not suitable for wide use. The researches on specific populations, specific variants (especially Omicron) and in the context of China need to be carried out.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the economic evaluation research of anti-novel coronavirus infection drugs at home and abroad, so as to promote clinical rational drug use. MethodsThe PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, INAHTA, SinoMed, WanFang Data, and CNKI databases were systematically searched from January 1, 2020 to March 25, 2023, to collect economic evaluation studies related to anti-novel coronavirus infection drugs. ResultsA total of 22 articles were included, among which 11 studies were conducted from the perspective of health system, and most of the studies performed cost estimation on direct medical costs. The overall compliance rate of the included studies ranged from 42% to 70%, with deficiencies in model setting, incomplete uncertainty analysis, and lack of stakeholder participation. The results showed that immunotherapy drugs (Dexamethasone, Tocilizumab), neutralizing antibody (REGEN-COV antibody), small molecule drugs (Baricitinib, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, Molnupiravir, Favipiravir) and statin were cost-effective. There was some variation in the results of the economic evaluation of Remdesivir. ConclusionAt present, there are few studies on the economic evaluation of drug interventions in COVID-19. Existing studies have pointed out that most drug interventions are cost-effective. It is suggested that more standardized pharmacoeconomic evaluation studies based on the actual situation of China epidemic should be carried out in the future.
Objective To explore the clinical comprehensive therapy of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Methods From January 2000 to December 2010，71 cases of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome underwent endoscopic polyp resection firstly，and those with unresectable lesions or with severe complications underwent rescue laparotomy. After endoscopic or surgical treatment，the patients took Celecoxib capsules voluntarily for 6 to 9 months under informed consents. All cases were followed up from 6 months to 8 years. Results Twenty-nine patients had familial history of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome among the 71 patients （41 males and 30 females）. Sixty-two cases underwent 94 surgeries and intussusception was the most common cause of laparotomy. Sixty-five patients underwent 169 double-balloon endoscopy （DBE） therapies，and a total of 1 714 polyps were resected by DBE polypectomy. The largest major axis of small-bowel polyp was 8 cm. No severe complications occurred after DBE polypectomy except for 3 cases of intestinal perforation. Eight patients took Celecoxib capsule，3 of them were treated more than 6 months，and DBE examination showed the gastrointestinal polyps reduced in number and size. Conclusion The comprehensive treatment （including of endoscopic therapy，operation，and drug intervention） is a safe and effective clinical model to treat Peutz-Jeghers syndrome．
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of different non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation. MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different non-pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation from inception to November, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; then, network meta-analysis was performed by using Stata 15.1 software. ResultsA total of 27 RCTs involving 14 interventions were included. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional advice, video counseling (OR=2.34, 95%CI 1.32 to 4.15), mobile phone text message (OR=1.82, 95%CI 1.03 to 3.20), motivational interview (OR=2.00, 95%CI 1.11 to 3.59) and health education (OR=3.40, 95%CI 1.52 to 7.57) were higher in quitting rate (P<0.05). The sort results showed that health education was the most likely to be the best intervention (86.20%), followed by video consultation (74.10%). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that the smoking cessation effects of health education, video counseling, telephone counseling, mobile phone text message and motivational interview. Among them, health education may be the best. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To evaluate the effect of different non-pharmacological interventions on the cognitive function of elderly people with cognitive decline, and provide useful reference for improving cognitive function of the elderly. Methods Computer searches of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database, Wanfang Data, and China Biomedical Literature Database for randomized controlled trials on non-pharmacological interventions for aged adults with cognitive decline were conducted, all with a search time frame from database inception to October 9th, 2023. Literature screening, information extraction and bias risk assessment using RevMan 5.4 software were performed by two evaluators independently, and Stata 16.0 and R 4.3.0 software was used for network meta-analysis. Results A total of 27 articles involving 2149 elderly patients and 7 intervention protocols were included. Among the 27 articles, 8 were graded A and 19 were graded B for quality. The network meta-analysis revealed that, using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) as the evaluating metric, virtual reality [mean difference (MD)=6.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.90, 10.75)], cognitive training [MD=4.99, 95%CI (0.56, 9.12)], and exercise training [MD=3.88, 95%CI (0.47, 7.27)] were better than community services, respectively (P<0.05), and exercise training was also better than conventional care [MD=3.05, 95%CI (0.92, 5.12), P<0.05]; using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as the evaluation indicator, multimodal exercise [MD=3.00, 95%CI (0.89, 4.96)], cognitive training [MD=2.50, 95%CI (0.27, 4.82)], traditional Chinese exercise [MD=2.30, 95%CI (0.34, 4.28)], psychotherapy [MD=1.76, 95%CI (0.56, 2.96)], and exercise training [MD=1.36, 95%CI (0.18, 2.59)] were better than conventional care, respectively (P<0.05), and multimodal exercise [MD=3.32, 95%CI (0.62, 5.81)], cognitive training [MD=2.82, 95%CI (0.75, 4.90)], and traditional Chinese exercise [MD=2.63, 95%CI (0.08, 5.13)] were also better than community service, respectively (P<0.05). The results of the cumulative probability ranking showed that virtual reality had the highest probability of being the best intervention in terms of improving MoCA metrics (0.863), and multimodal exercise had the highest probability of being the best intervention in terms of improving MMSE metrics (0.868). Conclusion Using MoCA as an evaluation indicator, virtual reality may be the best non-pharmacological intervention; using MMSE as an evaluation indicator, multimodal exercise may be the best non-pharmacological intervention.
Objective To systematically review the methodological quality of guidelines concerning pharmacological intervention for complicated hypertension. Methods The databases and relevant guideline websites such as MEDLINE, EMbase, CBM, WangFang Data, National Guideline Clearinghouse (NGC), Guidelines International Network (GIN), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and Clinical Practice Guideline Network (CPGN) were searched to collect the clinical guidelines concerning pharmacological intervention for complicated hypertension. By adopting the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE), the methodological quality of guidelines was assessed. Meanwhile the similarities, differences and features of drug recommendation in guidelines for different areas and diseases were analyzed by means of analogy comparison.Results A total of 21 guidelines concerning pharmacological intervention for complicated hypertension were included. The number of guidelines concerning hypertension complicated with coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, diabetes mellitus (DM) and kidney disease (KD) was 5, 5, 7 and 4, respectively. The publication year ranged from 2000 to 2011. According to the AGREE instrument, 19 and 2 guidelines were graded as Level B and C, respectively. The overall guidelines got low average scores in the domain of “Stakeholder involvement” and “Applicability”, including 9 evidence-based guidelines. There were totally 4 and 3 classes in terms of the level of evidence and recommendation, respectively; moreover, 10 and 6 expression forms were adopted in the level of evidence and recommendation, respectively. For hypertension with angina pectoris, -blocker (BB) and calcium channel blocker (CCB) were recommended unanimously. For hypertension with myocardial infarction, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and BB were recommended unanimously. For hypertension with heart failure, ACEI, angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) and BB were recommended unanimously. For hypertension with later stage of post-stroke, 76.47% guidelines recommended diuretic (D) and ACEI. For hypertension with acute stroke, recommendations were mainly based on the guidelines developed by American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA). For hypertension with DM or KD, the guidelines basically recommended that systolic/diastolic pressure should be controlled in the range of less than 130/80 mmHg. For hypertension with DM, ACEI were recommended unanimously, followed by D and CCB. For hypertension with KD, ACEI/ARB was recommended, while 3 of the 5 guidelines recommending CCB were from Asian. Conclusion The overall methodological qualities of complicated hypertension guidelines differs, with high proportion of evidence-based guidelines. The classification criteria of the levels of evidence and recommendation are still suboptimal. For hypertension with CHD, DM, KD and later stage of stroke, results from high quality clinical evidence are consistent, and the recommendations are basically unanimous, with no regional and quality difference. But in some clinical researches beyond reaching a consensus at present, the recommendation discrepancy exists, and there still remains controversy for hypertension with acute stroke.