Objective To icompare the effects of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) on ganzfeld Electroretinogram(ERG). Methods ICGA was performed used the Topcon 50IA retina camera, Ganzfeld ERG was recorded by Neuropack Ⅱ evoked response recorder. The Ganzfeld ERG was recorded before and after ICGA in 20 cases (38 e yes) with different diseases , Ganzfeld ERG was recorded according to the ISCEV standard recommendations. Results ICGA did neither affect Ganzfeld ERG a-wave and b-wave latency nor amplitudes of dark adaptation, maximum response and light adaptation.(Pgt;0.05). Conclusion ICGA using the Topcon 50IA could be performed prior to the recording of the Ganzfeld ERG. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:284-285)
Objective To observe the changes of visual acuity、multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and optical coherence tomogram（OCT）before and after successful idiopathic macular hole (IMH) surgery, and evaluate the efficiency of the IMH surgery. Methods A total of 28 eyes of 28 patients with IMH who underwent vitrectomy during February 2001 and May 2002 in our hospital were collected. visual acuity, mfERG, and OCT were examined preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, respectively. The results were analyzed statistically compared with 33 eyes in control group. Results (1) OCT showed that 27 eyes (96.43%) had anatomic closure of the macular hole 1 month after the surgery without recurrence in 12 months. Just 1 eye (3.57%) failed in the closure within 1 year. (2) The visual acuity was much higher in the eyes 1 year after surgery, especially within 6 months postoperatively, than that before the vitrectomy（P＜0.01）. (3) Before the operation, the mfERG topographies of IMH eyes seem like volcanoes becase the response densities of wave P1 of ring 1 and ring 2 were lower than control group while the other three rings kept in normal. The central peaks of mfERG topographies reappeared little by little during 1 year after the surgery, and the response densities of wave P1 of ring 1 and ring 2 were higher than before, which was still lower than the control group（P＜0.05）. (4) The thickness of neuroepithelial layer (NEL) of fovea measured by OCT of 27 eyes with anatomic closure was no longer varied and kept lower than control group throughout the follow-up time （P＜0.05）. (5) One year after the operation, there were positive correlations among visual acuity, mfERG and NEL（P＜0.05）. Conclusions Vitrectomy is useful for IMH, which could be evaluated by visual acuity mfERG and OCT efficiently. The three factors had consistency. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：221-225)
Objective To explore the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury on the retinal functions of rats. Methods Seventy Wistar rats were selected, 20 of which were selected randomly and divided into two groups (control group and single-irrigated group). The rats were anesthetized and their anterior chambers of the right eyes were cannulated with a 7-gauge needle connected to a reservoir containing ringers balanced salt solution, which was maintained at the same level o f the eye for 1 hour. After that, ERG was recorded in both eyes of all rats. All the left rats were divided randomly into 10 groups and they were treated as the single-irrigated group. Retinal ischemia was induced by raising the reservoir to a height of 150 mm Hg. One hour later except the single ischemia group, all o f t he groups resumed perfusion after 3,6,12,and 24 hours and 3,5,7,14,and 21 days s eparately. ERG was recorded in both eyes of all rats.Results There was no difference in the results of ERG between left and right eyes in either the control group or the single-irrigated group. All the waves of ERG vanished in the single-ischemia group after 1 hour. In the ischemia-reperfusion groups, the waves of ERG partly recovered and the amplitude reduced persistently and progressively.Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion injury may affect the function of the retina persistently and progressively. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：201-268)
Objective To study the response of the retinal neuronal adaptive system to changes of background illumination (BG) by measuring the oscillatory potentials (OPs) and the a- and b-waves of the electroretinogram (ERG) in different BG illuminations. Methods The a- and b-wave and the digitally filtered OPs were simultaneously recorded from Wistar Fu rats aged from 25 to 29 days during dark adaptation (DA) and during 6~8 minutes of BG illuminations at four levels increased successively by steps of two log units, i.e., ldquo;low scotopicrdquo; level of 1.43times;10-6cd/m2, ldquo;high scotopicrdquo; of 1.43times;10-4cd/m2 , ldquo;low mesopicrdquo; of 1.43times;10-2cd/m2 and ldquo;high mesopicrdquo; of 1.43times;10-2cd/m2. Full field stimulus flashes of 75 msec duration and 1.43times;10-2cd/m2intensity was delivered at an interval of 1 minute. Results Five OP wavelets were recorded in DA and during scotopic BG illuminations. The number of wavelets was reduced to three as the eyes were exposed to mesopic BG levels. However, the sum of OPs amplitudes (SOPs) increased as the BG was intensified, except at ldquo;high mesopicrdquo; level, by which a significant decrease of SOPs occurred. The amplitudes of the a-and b-waves remained unchanged at the two scotopic BG and decreased as the BG intensity increased to mesopic levels. Conclusion The response of retinal neural adaptive system of the Albino rat to changes of BG light is more sensitive and robust than the slow components of the ERG. The enhancement of the oscillatory responses at ldquo;low mesopicrdquo; illumination level suggests that using proper BG light may be conducive to reducing the variation of OPs. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:286-288)
Objective To investigate the early influences of laser photocoagulation on retinal function in diabetic retinopathy(DR)． Methods The multifocal electroretinograms (MERG) of 30 eyes with DR (phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ) were tested with visual evoked response image system IV b efore,and the 3rd day and the 7th day after laser photocoagulation． Results Three days after photocoagulation, the latency of N1 prolonged in the central macula 5deg; area and superionasal quadrant．Th e response densities of N1,P1 and N2 markedly reduced, and most significant changes occurred in the central macula 5deg; area and then in the central 10deg;area． There were also differences in the changes of the amplitude of N1 and P1 in diff erent quadrants ．The changes of visual acuity were positively related to the de crease of amplitudes of N1,P1 and N2 in the macula． Conclusion The reduction of response densities in MERG reveals functional damage in diabetic retina occurring early after photocoagulation．The functional damage in macula induced indirectly by photocoagulation may explain the reduction of visual acuity after panretinal photocoagulation in some degree． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:181-183)
Objective To explore the clinical application value of multifocal oscillatory potentials (MOPs) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods MOPs were tested using VERIS 4.0 visual evoked response imaging system for 19 cases (19 eyes) of RVO，among them 8 cases of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and 11 cases of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Twenty normal subjects were as normal control group. The stimulative visual angles subtended ±26.6°horizontally and ±22.1°vertically. The filter setting was bandpass 100～1000 Hz. The retinal responses from 103 hexagons were recorded in 4 min (8 segments). Results In normal control group, OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were recorded during 37 ms for first order and 47 ms for second order first slice in whole test field and 5 ring retinal regions, the oscillatory wave shapes of second order were clearer than those of first order. In RVO groups, 91.6% latencies of OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were delayed, and 70.8% amplitudes of OP-1, OP-2 and OP-3 were reduced. The delay of the latencies and the decrease of the amplitude in CRVO were more markedly than those in BRVO. Conclusion MOPs can be effectively and quantitatively used to evaluate the retinal function of the different location in RVO. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2002,18:20-22)
Acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) is an acquired retinal diseases. The majority of patients who develop AZOOR are women characterized by an acute onset of visual blurred and scotoma with photopsias. The fundus examination is often normal or appeared mild abnormal. The RPE atrophy of fundus is similar with white syndrome. Although FFA and ICGA features are either unremarkable or unrelated to AZOOR, there are still important in differential diagnosis. The characteristic abnormalities appearance of FAF (complicated and varied), OCT (regional anomaly of ellipsoid zone), visual field (visual field defect) and ERG (decreased amplitude and prolonged latency of rod reaction, maximum reaction, cone reaction and scintillation reaction) are considered critical examinations to the diagnosis of AZOOR. Although there is no effective therapy for AZOOR, it has some self-limitation.
Purpose To investigate the relationship between the changes of the thickness of retina in macula and the abnormalities in multifocal electroretinog rams (mERG) in diabetic retinopathy. Methods mERG and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination were performed in 38 patients (60 eyes) with DR (phase Ⅲ～Ⅳ). The data were processed with software SPSS and line relation analysis was done. Results The response densities of N1, P1 and N2 in central 5deg; area was significantly negative related to the thickness of neuroretina in macular fovea (correlation efficient -0.252～-0.266，Plt;0.05). The response density of N2 in central 10deg; area was also significantly negative related to the thickness of neuroretina in macular fovea (correlation efficient -0. 332，P=0.01).There was no significant relationship between the latencies of N1 in central 5deg;, 10deg; area and the thickness of macula, whereares the latenc ies of P1 and N2 in central 5deg; were negatively related to the thickness of retinal pigment epithelium in the macular fovea (correlation efficient-0.271～ - 0.322，Plt;0.05). Conclusion The changes of the thickness of neuroretina in macula may affect the local retinal function in macula, which may be revealed by the reduction of response densities in mERG in patients with diabetic retinopathy. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:257-259)
Objective To analyze the protective effects of heat-shock response on the retinae of the rats after retinal ischemic reperfusion injury.Method Twenty Wistar rats (20 eyes) were divided into 4 groups: intracameral perfusion group (group P), intracameral perfusion after quercetin injection group (group P+Q), intracameral perfusion after heat shock group (group P+H), and in tracameral perfusion after quercetin injection and heat shock group (group P+Q+H ). According to the standard program established by International Society for Clinical Visual Electrophysiology, we recorded the results of the dark-adapted electroretinogram (D-ERG ),oscillatory potentials (OPs),and light-adapted ERG (L-ERG) of the rats with intraocular hypertension after induced by heat shock response. The expressions of HSP 70 of the rats in all groups were observed by Western blotting.Results The expression of HSP 70 of the rats in group P+H was the highest in all groups, but the expressions of HSP70 in group P+Q and P+Q+H were inhibited significantly. The amplitudes of a and b wave of ERG and O2 wave of OPs decreased, and the delitescence of them were delayed significantly in rats after intracameral perfusion. The amplitude of b wave of D-ERG and O2 wave of OPs in group P+H were higher than which in group P. Zero hour after perfusion, the amplitudes of all waves in group P+H increased significantly (Plt;0.05). Twenty-four hours after perfusion, the retinal functional resumption of the rats in group P+H was better than which in group P. In group P+Q and P+Q+H, the delitescences of all waves of ERG and O2 wave of OPs were the longest and the amplitudes were the lowest, and some waves even disappeared.Conclusions The heat-shock response may improve the recovery ability of the retinal cells after injury of ischemic reperfusion.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：117-120)