This paper reports the study and design of a visualization system of the ultrasonic rhinitis therapeutic apparatus with the function of endoscopic sinus. On Linux operating platform, we captured the video data of a video capture card that connected the endoscopic sinus using Video4Linux (V4L2) that was provided by the operating system. The video images were displayed by Qt. The visualization system solved the problem that the current ultrasonic rhinitis therapeutic apparatus had to rely on the large and expensive endoscopy equipment. And this simplified the doctors' operation, met the need of monitoring nasal cavity in the process of operating, greatly reduced the costs of treatment and would contribute to the promotion of the instrument. As a result, it has been tested that the nasal endoscopic image achieved by the system is clear and smooth, and fully meet the clinical needs of ultrasonic treatment of rhinitis.
Objective To explore the impact of diabetes on coronary artery bypass grafting （CABG） in clinical representations, operative morbidity and mortality in this hospital. Methods Data was collected as a part of prospective registry of CABG through Sep. 2001 to Jul. 2003. Four hundreds and eighty-two patients were recruited. They were divided into diabetic group （n= 135） and non-diabetic group （n=347） depended on if the patients with diabetes or not. All patients were treated with insulin for hyperglycemia. Clinical representations, operative morbidity and mortality in this hospital between two groups were compared by using chi-square tests, t tests and logistic regression. Results Re-exploration in diabetic group was higher than that in non-diabetic group （4.4% vs. 0. 9%; x2= 6. 769, P = 0. 009）. There was no significant difference in the operative morbidity and mortality in hospital between two groups. Multi-variance logistic regression showed that the lower left ventricular ejection fraction （〈 0. 40,OR 15.96）, re-exploration （OR 32. 77） and re-intubation （OR 124.17） were the predictors of perioperative mortality in hospital. Conclusions There are no significant difference in the operative mortality and complication between patients with diabetes and patients with non-diabetes. Strict glucose control in perioperative period would reduce hospital mortality and morbidity.
目的:探讨经后路椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床疗效。方法: 对本组35例胸腰椎骨折行后路椎弓根钉棒系统内固定,其中20例行术中后路减压, 8例经椎弓根行病椎植骨。35例均行关节突及横突间植骨。并测量术前、术后伤椎前后缘平均高度(百分比)和Cobb’s角,椎管截面积.结果: 术后伤椎前后缘平均高度(百分比)和Cobb’s角,椎管截面积各项指标与术前相比较,差异有显著性 (Plt;0.01)。术后随访9~21个月,平均13.2个月。无一例出现神经症状加重,2例出现内固定断裂并完整取出。结论: 经后路椎弓根钉棒系统内固定治疗胸腰椎骨折疗效确切,是治疗胸腰椎骨折的一种创伤小,操作简单,固定可靠的手术方法。
摘要:目的:探讨小切口全髋关节置换的疗效及优缺点。方法:针对性选取我院行THA的病员48例,分为初期小切口THA组、熟练小切口THA组、传统切口THA组,各组16例。记录切口长度、术中出血量、术后12小时引流量、手术时间及Harris评分,对其治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果:初期小切口THA组平均出血量,术后12小时平均引流量,平均手术时间等指标均高于传统组,术后Harris评分低于传统组,熟练组与传统组比较,切口长度较短、术中出血量略少,术后早期Harris评分高,远期Harris评分接近。结论:熟练小切口THA与传统切口THA比较远期疗效无明显优点,初期小切口THA不具微创优势,不必强求小切口THA,并应注重学习曲线。
In the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2021, the results of six clinical trials related to cardiovascular surgery were revealed. The PALACS trial demonstrated that posterior left pericardiotomy during open heart surgery was associated with a significant reduction in postoperative atrial fibrillation; the EPICCURE study found that injection of mRNA encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A mRNA) directly into the myocardium of patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) improved patients’ heart function; the VEST trial once again proved the safety and potential value of external stent for vein graft. This article will interpret the above-mentioned three studies.
Mitral regurgitation (MR) with multi-pathogenesis is a common disease in cardiac surgery department. MR can be classified into two categories-primary mitral regurgitation and secondary mitral regurgitation. With the development of cardiac intervention, numerous patients who cannot tolerate open heart surgery for the reason of high risk of surgery receive the treatment of intervention and achieve the favorable endpoint. The technique of transcatheter therapy which could be used to treat MR is comprised of leaflet repair, annuloplasty and implantation of artificial chordae. Comparing to primary mitral regurgitation, surgical effect of secondary mitral regurgitation is not desirable for the reasons of complex pathophysiologic mechanism. Hence, based on the perspective of surgeon, we will introduce the research progress of transcatheter interventional mitral valve repair which is focused on the treatment of primary mitral valve regurgitation and reviewed from three aspects of surgical risks, surgical types and outlook.
Objective To investigate the role of endothelin（ET） in lung injury during cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） and study the possible mechanism of ET-mediated lung injury and the protective effect of ferulic acid（FA） during the procedure. Methods Twelve dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups and models of CPB with pulmonary perfusion were established by perfusion of 4 C FA solution through proximal pulmonary artery in the experiment group while control group only received 4 C crystal cardiac arrest solution without pulmonary perfusion. Changes in the content of ET, NO, malonaldehyde （MDA）, dry to wet （D/W） in lung tissue and lung function- related indices PaO2/FiO2, airway pressure （AWP）, pulmonary vascular resistance （PVR）, lung compliance before and after CPB in both groups were measured respectively. Results ET content increased after CPB in control group （P〈0. 05） ,while experiment group had a lower level of ET than that of control group （P〈0.05）; D/W, MDA levels in experiment group decreased （P〈0. 05）, but NO content increased （P〈0. 05） as compared with control group. After pulmonary perfusion with FA, PaO2/FiO2 and lung compliance values in experiment group were higher than those of control group （P〈0.05）,AWP, PVR values lowered accordingly（P〈0. 05）. Lung injury was less severe in the experiment group. Conclusion ET is involved in pathogenesis of lung injury during CPB, FA can effectively reduce lung injury and improve lung function thus having a good protective effect on the lung.
Left atrial appendage occlusion is a common procedure for patients with atrial fibrillation history when they underwent cardiac surgery. Before the LAAOS Ⅲ research results, this operation has been lacking strong evidence-based support. LAAOS Ⅲ is a prospective, double-blind, international multicenter, randomized blinded trial. According to the results of LAAOS Ⅲ, the left atrial appendage occlusion can reduce the risk of stroke and systemic embolism. This article will perform detailed interpretation of LAAOS Ⅲ research.
Cardiac surgery presents specific challenges in conducting randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The American Heart Association made a scientific statement of methodological standards, with the purpose to review key concepts and standards in design, implementation, and analysis of cardiac surgery RCTs, and to provide recommendations. Recommendations include an evaluation of the suitability of the research question, clinical equipoise, feasibility of enrolling a representative patient cohort, impact of practice variations on the effect of the study intervention, likelihood and impact of crossover, and duration of follow-up. Trial interventions and study end points should be predefined, and adequate deliverability of the trial interventions should be ensured. Every effort must be made to keep a high completeness of follow-up. Trial design and analytic techniques must be tailored to the specific research question and trial setting. In this paper, the authors made an interpretation of this scientific statement based on their practical experience.