Objective To discuss the operative method and experience, through analyzing the medium-term and long-term effect of combined therapy for cutaneous squamous cancer of head and face. Methods From January 1998to December 2002, 37 patients with head or neck cutaneous squamous cancer received combined therapy of operation and radiation. The determination of resect area was based on the stage of the tumor, and according to the resect area and the freedom of peripheral tissue, 3 different operation procedures were adopted respectively. The follow-up was ended in June 2004. Results The follow-up was 5 to 69 months. The median follow-up interval was 38 months. Four patients (10.8%) relapsed during the follow-up, and 2 of them (5.4%) relapsed within 3 years after operation. two patients (5.4%) died from the primary affection, 4 patients (10.8%) died from other causes. According to Kaplan-Meier Method, the 3-year survival rate was 97.14% and the standard error was 0.0358, and 5-year survival rate was 92.28% and the standard error was 0.1047. Conclusion The recurrence rate of cutaneous squamous cancer of head and face witha better prognosis is lower than the ones from other origins. And the survival rate may be improved from proper operative method.
Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic aspect of basaloid squamous carcinoma （BSC）. Methods From July 2000 to May 2003, the clinical data of 1 257 documented cases that underwent potentially curative resection on esophageal carcinoma in our department were retrospectively analysed, and 18 cases of BSC （BSC group） were detected. And 54 cases of typical squamous carcinoma of esophagus（ESC） were randomly selected as control （ESC group）, to analyse the clinicopathological and prognostic parameters of BSC patients. Results The age of BSC group patients was higher than that of ESC group （61. 56 ± 7. 62 years vs. 56.11± 10. 58 years; t=-2. 012,P=0. 048）, and the ratio of T4 stage was much higher than that in ESC group （27.8% vs. 5.6%;x2= 6. 750, P= 0. 020）. The follow-up showed that, comparing with ESC group, the ratio of metastasis was higher（62.5% vs. 25.0%, P=0. 047）, and mean survival time（P〈0.05） was significantly shorter in patients of BSC group after curative resection. There were no statisticaly differences in patient gender （P = 0. 494）, or ratio of recurrence （P=0. 887） between two groups. Conclusion The BSC is a rare carcinoma involving esophagus, which occurs in elder patients. Both invasiveness and metastasis of BSC are more usual than those of typical ESC.
Objective To evaluate the security and outcomes of thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy (TLE) versus open approach (OA) for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods From June 2014 to June 2015, 125 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma underwent esophagectomy through McKeown approach, including TLE (a TLE group, 107 patients, 77 males and 30 females) and OA (an OA group, 18 patients, 13 males and 5 females). The data of operation and postoperative complications of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results There was no statistical difference in the duration of operation and ICU stay and resected lymph nodes around laryngeal recurrent nerve between the TLE group and the OA group (333.58±72.84 min vs. 369.17±91.24 min, P=0.067; 2.84±1.44 d vs. 6.44±13.46 d, P=0.272; 4.71±3.87 vs. 3.89±3.97, P=0.408) . There was a statistical difference in blood loss, total resected lymph nodes and resected lymph nodes groups between TLE group and OA group (222.62±139.77 ml vs. 427.78±276.65, P=0.006; 19.62±9.61 vs. 14.61±8.07, P=0.038; 3.70±0.99 vs. 3.11±1.13, P=0.024). The rate of postoperative complications was 32.7% in the TLE group and 38.9% in the OA group (P=0.608). There was a statistical difference (P=0.011) in incidence of pulmonary infection (2.8% in the TLE group and 16.7% in the OA group). Incidences of complications, such as anastomotic leakage, cardiac complications, left-side hydrothorax, right-side pneumothorax, voice hoarse and incision infection, showed no statistical difference between two groups. Conclusion For patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, TLE possesses advantages of more harvested lymph nodes, less blood loss and less pulmonary infection comparing with open approach, and is complied with the principles of security and oncological radicality of surgery.
ObjectiveTo explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of histone methylase G9a inhibitor BIX-01294 on apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).MethodsMTT assay and Colony-forming Units were adopted to determine the effects of BIX-01294 on the growth and proliferation of ESCC cell lines EC109 and KYSE150. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the apoptosis status of ESCC cells after the treatment of BIX-01294. The effects of BIX-01294 treatment on the expressions of G9a catalytic product H3K9me2, DNA double-strand break (DSB) markers, and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blotting.ResultsBIX-01294 inhibited the growth of EC109 and KYSE150 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05), and BIX-01294 with the inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) significantly inhibited the formation of colony (P<0.05). After 24 hours treatment of BIX-01294 (IC50), the apoptosis rate of EC109 cells increased from 11.5%±2.1% to 42.5%±5.4%, and KYSE150 cells from 7.5%±0.9% to 49.2%±5.2% (P<0.05). The expression level of the G9a catalytic product, H3K9me2, significantly decreased (P<0.05); while the expression of the DSB marker γH2AX was dramatically enhanced (P<0.05). We also found that the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated and the expression levels of cleaved caspase3 and cleaved PARP were significantly elevated (P<0.05).ConclusionBIX-01294, the inhibitor of methyltransferase G9a, prompted apoptosis in ESCC cells by inducing DSB damage and activating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
目的 探讨甲状腺鳞状细胞癌的临床特征和综合治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析1985年以来收治的4例原发性甲状腺鳞状细胞癌患者的临床资料。结果 单一手术的1例患者术后4个月死亡； 手术加放疗的2例患者术后6～13个月死亡； 手术加放、化疗的1例患者术后至今已两年仍存活。结论 甲状腺鳞状细胞癌系罕见的恶性肿瘤，生长速度快，术后易复发，预后差。早期行甲状腺癌联合根治术，并辅以放、化疗可降低复发机率，延长生存时间。
Resection is one of the most important treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and routine postoperative follow-up is an effective method for early detection and treatment of recurrent metastases, which can improve patients' quality of life and prognosis. This consensus aims to provide a reference for colleagues responsible for postoperative follow-up of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients in China, and further improve the standardization of the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) and prognosis of T1-stage esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESC).MethodsClinical data of 387 patients with T1-stage ESC who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2018 were collected. There were 281 males and 106 females aged 60 (41-80) years. The patients were divided into a lymph node metastasis group (n=77) and a non-metastasis group (n=310). The risk factors for LNM and prognosis were analyzed.ResultsAmong 387 patients with T1-stage ESC, 77 (19.9%) patients had LNM. The incidence of LNM was 8.4% (8/95) in T1a-stage patients and 23.6% (69/292) in T1b-stage patients. Univariate analysis showed that tumor size, differentiation degree, depth of invasion and vascular tumor thrombus were associated with LNM (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that invasion depth of tumor [OR=2.456, 95%CI (1.104, 5.463), P<0.05] and vascular tumor thrombus [OR=15.766, 95%CI (4.880, 50.938), P<0.05] were independent risk factors for LNM. The follow-up time was 41 (12, 66) months. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 98.71%, 89.67% and 86.82%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in tumor invasion depth, vascular tumor thrombus and LNM between the survival group and the death group. Cox analysis showed that LNM [OR=3.794, 95%CI (2.109, 6.824), P<0.05] was an independent risk factor for prognosis.ConclusionT1-stage ESC patients with deeper invasion or vascular tumor thrombus have a higher risk of LNM. The prognosis of T1-stage ESC with LNM is relatively poor.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of DDX46 silencing on growth and apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell TE-1 by the shRNA. MethodsThe relative expression of DDX46 mRNA in TE-1 cells was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and compared with immortalized human esophageal squamous cell Het-1A. DDX46 shRNA-expressing lentivirus was applied to silence DDX46 (experimental group), and non-silencing control lentivirus was added (control group) with a multiplicity of infection of 5 in TE-1 cells. In both groups, cell growth was monitored using high content screening, cell colony-forming capacity was measured by colony formation assay, cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. Further, the Stress and Apoptosis Signaling Antibody Array Kit was used to detect the changes of signaling molecules in TE-1 cells after DDX46 knockdown. ResultsCompared with the control group, cell counting after DDX46 silencing showed that TE-1 cell growth was significantly inhibited (P<0.001). Colony formation assay showed that cell colony-forming capacity was significantly inhibited (P<0.01). Annexin V-APC flow cytometry showed a significant increase in apoptosis (P<0.001). In PathScan® Antibody Array, the expression levels of Akt (Ser473, phosphorylation) and IκBα (Total, N/A) significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the expression of Caspase-3 (Asp175, cleaved) increased (P<0.05). ConclusionDDX46 is overexpressed in TE-1 cells. Targeted gene silencing of DDX46 inhibits cell growth, and induces cell apoptosis. DDX46 silencing probably by negative regulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway, to play a role in inhibiting TE-1 cells growth and inducing apoptosis.