Purpose To discuss changes of macular choriocapillaris hemodynamics in AMD. Methods Eighty-six eyes of 86 patients underwent ICGA,including macular drusen in 15 eyes of 15 patients,exudative AMD in 52 eyes of 52 patients,atrophic AMD in 19 eyes of 19 patients,for the observation of macular choriocapillaris perfusion. Results Choriocapillaris filling phase (CFP) of exudative AMD was obviously longer than that of eyes with normal, atrophic AMD and drusen groups (P＜0.05). Forty eyes had local or extensive choroidal filling deficiency and prolongation, including 24 eyes of exudative AMD, 12 eyes of atrophic AMD,and 4 eyes of drusen group. Conclusion CFP of macula is prolonged and choriocapillaris perfusion is abnormal in AMD and macular drusen eyes. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 116-118)
Purpose To study choroidal vascular abnormal characteristics in choroidal vascular abnormal characteristics in choroiditis using indocyanine green angiography(ICGA). Methods Thirteen cases (16 eyes) of choroiditis were examined with fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and ICGA. Results ICGA findings in choroiditis were as follows:(1) dilatation of choroidal vessels with segmentary appearance and irregular margind;(2) hyperpermeability of choroidal vessels;(3) choroidal filling defects; (4) choroidal hypofluorescence with edema;(5) dilatation of vortex veins. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:92-84) Conclusion ICGA is useful in evaluating the lesions and circulation disturbance of choroiditis which cannot usually be demonstrable in FFA.
Objective To investigate the characteristics of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) in central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC) Methods The simultanous fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and ICGA were performed on 79 eyes of 70 consecutive patients with Heidelberg Retina Angiography. Results Seventy-nine eyes in FFA revealed RPE leakages.The changes of ICGA showed a small localized delay of filling of choroid vessels during the early phase of angiography in 23 eyes,choroidal capillary congestion in 79 eyes,the choriodal capillary hyperpermeability in the area of RPE leakage in 78 eyes,pigment epithelial detachment in 25 eyes and RPE atrophy in 21 eyes． Conclusion The findings in this research indicate that the choroidal abnormalities are the basic characteristics of ICGA in CSC. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,20000,16:14-16)
Objective To investigate the cilinical value of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) in patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome(VKH). Methods Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) were used for comparative analyses in 26 cases(52 eyes)of VKH. Results In the acute stage of VKH,FFA revealed the multifocal leakage in the pigment epithelium and the multifocal serous retinal detachment,and the typical FFA manifestations disappeard following treatment．In the acute stage of the disease the ICGA showed:(1)numerous patchy areas of hypofluorescence and decreased flurescence in large and middle choroidal vessels(66.7%);(2)dilatation of the choroidal vessels(70.8%)and(3)in latephase of ICGA,the patchy areas of hyperfluorescence(79.2%).During the recovery stage of the disease,the abnormal undings in ICGA were resolved slower than those found in FFA. Conclusions ICGA may assist in providing valuable informations on choroidal circulation of VKH and be useful in evaluating the curative effects． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,20000,16:9-11)
Objective To investigate the value of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) in evaluating circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas. Methods Color photography,funds fluorescein angiography(FFA) and (ICGA) were performed in 10 caese (10 eyes) of circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas. Results Among 10 affected eyes examined in this series,the tumors were better defined in this series,the FFA in 8 of them.ICGA showed the tumors were composed of irregular choroidal vasculature in earlyphase (1-5 seconds) of ICGA and quot;washed outquot; phenomenon in late phase of ICGA in all of 10 affected eyes.An adjacent disturbances of choroidal circulation in a sector downstream from the tumors in 9 eyes. Conclusion ICGA is useful in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of circumscribed choroidal hemanfiomas and helpful in the laser photocagulation treatment of the tumor. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1998,14:81-83)
Objective To study choroidal vascular abnormal characterisitics in Harada is disease using indocyanine green angiography (ICGA)． Methods Twenty-six cases(52 eyes)of Harada is disease were examined with fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) and ICGA． Results ICGA findings in Harada is disease were as follows:(1)choroidal hypofluorescence with edema in the early phase;(2)choroidal filling defects;(3)dilatation of choroidal vessels and vortex veins;(4)choroidal hyperpermeability in late period;(5)multifocal lower fluorescence in the midperiphery and posterior pole of the fundus in the late phase. Conclusions ICGA can find lesions of the choroidal vessels i．e． hypofluorescence with edema,disturbances of choroidal circulation，dilatation of choroidal vessels and vortex veins and the lower fluorescence maculation in the early phase and choroidal hyperpermeability in the late phase． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,20000,16:12-13)
ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of peeling of internal limiting membrane (ILM) on the postoperative visual acuity in patients with diabetic macular edema, and to detect the role indocyanine green (ICG) plays in the surgery of peeling of ILM. MethodsThirty patients (31 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy at proliferative stage with macular edema underwent vitrectomy. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 16 eyes in group A underwent single vitrectomy with panretinal photocoagulation and ocular filling with 20% SF6; 15 eyes in group B underwent vitrectomy and peeling of ILM after the posterior pole was stained with ICG. All of the patients were asked to keep the posture of facing down for 10-14 days. The follow-up lasted 3-12 months.ResultsIn 16 eyes in group A, the visual acuity increase of 2 or more lines in 10 (62.5%) and alleviation of macular edema in 9 (56.2%) were found; the postoperative average macular retinal thickness examined by optic coherence tomography (OCT) was 393 μm. In 15 eyes in group B, the visual acuity increase of 2 or more lines in 14 (93.3%) and alleviation of macular edema in 14 (93.3%) were found; the postoperative average macular retinal thickness was 319 μm. The postoperative improvement of visual acuity in group B was much better than that in group A (X2=4.210, P=0.05), while the postoperative macular retinal thickness in group B was obviously lower than that in group A (P＜0.01). The operative sample was proved to be the ILM. ConclusionsVitrectomy is effective for diabetic macular edema and the curative effect may be improved by peeling of ILM; ICG can dye ILM well, which ensures the safe and accurate peeling of ILM.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:138-141)
ObjectiveTo assess the occurrence of CNV in patients presenting with flat irregular pigment epithelial detachments (FIPED). MethodsForty-five patients (49 eyes) with FIPED on OCT were enrolled in this retrospective study. There were 25 males (28 eyes) and 20 females (21 eyes). The mean age was 61.022±9.292 years. FFA, ICGA, spectral domain OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA) were performed in all patients during the same period. The FIPED was defined as an irregular elevation of the RPE allowing distinct visualization of Bruch’s membrane on OCT B-scan. The abnormal vascular signals from the deep retinal layer to the choroid layer on OCTA was defined as CNV. The CNV was classified into a type 1 CNV and a type 2 CNV according to the OCT characteristics. The CNV was classified into a typical and occult CNV according to the characteristics of the FFA image. Of all 49 eyes, fundus angiography revealed 18 eyes (36.7%) with CNV, and 31 eyes (63.3%) with no characteristic signs of CNV. FFA examination found that CNV in 8 eyes (classic CNV in 1 eyes, occult CNV in 7 eyes), which confirmed by OCT were type 1 CNV; transmitted fluorescence in 41 eyes. ICGA examination showed that CNV-like hyperfluorescence spots in 18 eyes, suspicious hyperfluorescence spots in late stage in 20 eyes, and choroidal high permeability in 11 eyes, respectively; and 18 CNV eyes were confirmed to be type 1 CNV by OCT. To compare the detection of CNV by OCTA and fundus angiography. ResultsOf the 49 eyes with FIPED, OCTA detected 36 eyes (73.5%) of type 1 CNV, and full or partial strong reflex signals were seen in FIPED; 13 eyes (26.5%) were not associated with CNV, and some strong reflection signals were found in FIPED in 9 eyes, 4 eyes with weak reflection signal. The FFA was examined for 1, 7 eyes of the classic and occult CNV, which confirmed to be type 1 CNV by OCTA. Among the 18 eyes with CNV which detected by ICGA, OCTA also found type 1 CNV. Among the 20 eyes with ICGA’s late suspicious strong fluorescent spots, OCTA showed 17 eyes of type 1 CNV; in 11 eyes with high choroidal permeability, OCTA showed type 1 CNV in 1 eye. Among the 36 eyes with CNV which detected by OCT, there were SRD in 32 eyes, no SRD in 2 eyes and retinal interlamellar cavities in 2 eyes. ConclusionOCTA can detect 73.5% of FIPED eyes with CNV. Compared with traditional fundus angiography, OCTA has a higher detection rate of CNV under FIPED. The FIPED of the internal strong reflection signal has a certain diagnostic value for the type 1 CNV.
ObjectiveTo compare the effects of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) on classifications and locations of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) located under subretinal hemorrhage in age-related macular degeneration, and on the areameasuring of subretinal hemorrhage.MethodsThe medical record of 177 patients with subretinal hemorrhage associated with AMD confirmed by photochrome of ocular fundus, FFA and ICGA examinations were retrospectively reviewed. The locations and classifications of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA in the 177 patients and the area of subretinal hemorrhage of 30 patients randomly selected from the 177 patients were analyzed and measured. ResultsOn the images of FFA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 160 patients (90.4%), and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 24 patients (13.6%). On the images of ICGA, the locations and classifications of CNV could be defined in 175 patients （98.9%），and CNV was considered eligible for laser therapy in 51 patients (28.8%). There was no statistical difference of the locations（Z=-0.383，P=0.701） and classifications （ χ2=2.993，P=0.810） of CNV on the images of FFA and ICGA. The areas of blocked fluorescence measured on the images of FFA (x-=26.610 mm2 and M=13.548 mm2) were larger than those of ICGA (x-=24.714 mm2，M=12.875 mm2) with statistical differences （Z=-3.000，P=0.003） between FFA and ICGA. ConclusionsICGA is beneficial for imaging CNV located under subretinal hemorrhage, and may increase the number of the patients who are considered eligible for laser treatment. The effect of measurement of the area of subretinal hemorrhage in AMD evaluated by FFA is better. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2003,19:149-151)
ObjectiveTo observe the characteristics of images of fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS), and investigate the applied value of FFA and ICGA in clinical diagnosis.MethodThe data of the ocular fundus, FFA and ICGA of 20 patients (28 eyes) with ARNS were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe images of FFA indicated hyperfluorescence of optic disc in 24 eyes (85.71%) at the late phase; widespread retinal vascular occlusion at the peripheral focus in 23 eyes (82.14%) with some occlusive vascular shadow and the fluorescein in some white-line-like blood vessels; fluorescent leakage at the junction of normal and abnormal retina in 22 eyes (78.57%); retinal detachment in 20 eyes (71.42%), including 9 with retinal hole (45% of the patients retinal detachment); and macular cystoid edema in 8 eyes (28.57%). The images of ICGA showed hyperfluorescence of optic disc in 8 eyes (28.57%) including 5 with dotted staining at the optic disc at the late phase; unclear choroidal vasculature in the peripheral focus in 20 eyes (71.42%); and choriodal scattered hypofluorescent patch at the focus area in 19 eyes (67.85%). At the late phase of ICGA, some intravascular emboli and segments of retinal vascular occlusion were clearly demonstrated. ConclusionThe main manifestations of patients with ARNS in the images of FFA were hyperfluorescence of optic disc and retinal vascular occlusion; and unclear choroidal vessels and scattered hypofluorescent patch at the focus area.Combination of FFA and ICGA is helpful to understand the extent of the lesions and the relations between choroids and retina, which has great significance in diagnosing ARNS.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:100-102)