With the continuous innovation in medical technology, the field of cardiac surgery has witnessed significant technological breakthroughs, particularly in the innovative application of minimally invasive techniques in the treatment of valvular diseases. Minimally invasive cardiac surgery addresses valve diseases such as tricuspid valve, mitral valve, and aortic valve, encompassing various surgical techniques including small incisions, thoracoscopy, and robotics. Compared to traditional thoracotomy, minimally invasive techniques exhibit notable clinical advantages, characterized by minimized surgical incisions, reduced postoperative pain, decreased perioperative complication rates, shortened hospital stays, and accelerated recovery of bodily functions. Driven by the precision development of surgical instruments, the collaborative advancement of imaging and perioperative monitoring technologies, and the gradual improvement of standardized training systems for specialist physicians, minimally invasive cardiac surgery techniques continue to innovate and evolve rapidly. This article aims to systematically elaborate on the latest research progress of minimally invasive cardiac surgery techniques in the treatment of valvular diseases.