ObjectiveTo integrate person imagery from drawing tests in screening for mental disorders through meta-analysis to identify indicators that can effectively predict mental disorders. MethodsA computerized search of CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases was conducted to collect studies related to mental disorders and drawing tests, with a search timeframe of the period from the creation of the database to May 8, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using CMA 3.0 after two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted information, and assessed the risk of bias. ResultsA total of 43 studies were included, with 791 independent effect sizes and 8 444 subjects. Meta-analysis revealed that a total of 29 person imagery traits significantly predicted mental disorders, which could be categorized into 7 types according to the features: absent, bizarre, blackened, simplified, static, detailed, and holistic. The subgroup analysis revealed that the specific indicators of affective disorders included "excessive separation among items", "oversimplified person", "rigid and static person" and "hands behind the back". The specific indicators of thought disorders were "absence of limbs", "absence of facial features" and "disproportionate body proportions". Moreover, there were seven common indicators of mental disorders, including "oversimplified drawing", "very small drawing", "very small person", "weak or intermittent lines", "single line limb", "absence of hands or feet" and "no expression or dullness''. ConclusionThe findings could provide a reference standard for selection and interpretation of drawing indicators, promote standardization of the drawing test, and enhance the accuracy of results in screening for mental disorders.
Objective To investigate confidence interval estimation for the amount of heterogeneity in meta-analysis. Methods On the basis of BT’s method, the approximate Q-statistic distribution following linear transformation of Chi-square was applied to improve the accuracy of Q-statistic distribution, and to obtain the confidence interval for the amount of heterogeneity in meta-analysis. Results In case, the Q1 distribution obtained 95%CI 0.07 to 2.20, while the Q2 distribution obtained 95%CI 0.00 to 1.41; The proposed method Q2 narrowed down the range of confidence interval. Conclusion On account of improving the accuracy of Q-statistic distribution, the proposed method effectively strengthens the coverage probabilities of the confidence interval for the amount of heterogeneity. And the proposed method can also improve the precision of the confidence interval estimation for the amount of heterogeneity.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of laryngeal mask versus endotracheal tubes for laparoscopic surgery.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the efficacy and safety of laryngeal mask versus endotracheal tubes for laparoscopic surgery from inception to April, 2017. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 16 RCTs involving 1 593 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: there was no significant difference in the success rate of the first insertion (RR=0.99, 95%CI 0.96 to 1.02, P=0.55). The airway pressure of patients whose position were head higher than foot was significantly lower in the laryngeal mask group than in the tracheal intubation group (MD=–1.20, 95%CI –1.81 to –0.59, P=0.000 1), but there was no significant difference between two groups in reverse position patients (MD=0.48, 95%CI –0.90 to 1.87, P=0.49). The incidence of sore throat (RR=0.58, 95%CI 0.46 to 0.74, P<0.000 01), the incidence of blood stain (RR=0.48, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.77, P=0.002), the incidence of laryngeal spasm/bronchial spasm (OR=0.30, 95%CI 0.11 to 0.80, P=0.02) and the incidence of cough/hiccup (RR=0.10, 95%CI 0.07 to 0.15, P<0.000 01) in the laryngeal mask group were significantly lower than those in the tracheal intubation group.ConclusionThe current evidence shows that compared with tracheal intubation, laryngeal mask can effectively reduce airway pressure of patients whose position are head higher than foot. The risks of various complications are significant higher in tracheal intubation in laparoscopic surgery. Laryngeal mask can maintain patients' normal respiratory functions while reduce damage and do not increase the occurrence of reflux aspiration. Due to limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.
Objective To assess the efficacy of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （NSAIDs） in the treatment of osteoarthritis （OA）. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scientific Citation Index, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, CBMdisc and abstracts from conference were searched from 1966 to March 30, 2005. Randomized controlled trials （R.CT） comparing topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug （NSAIDs） with placebo or oral NSAIDs in OA were induded. Effect size （ES） was calculated for pain, function and stiffness. Relative risk （RR） was calculated for dichotomous data such as clinical response rate and adverse effect rate. Number needed to treat to obtain the clinical response was estimated. The quality of trials was assessed and sensitivity analyses were undertaken. Results Topical NSAIDs were superior to placebo in relieving pain due to osteoarthritis only in the first 2 weeks of treatment; ES （95% CI） were 0.41 （0. 16 to 0.66） and 0.40 （0.15 to 0.65） at week 1 and 2 respectively. However, the effects were short-lived and no benefit was observed over placebo at the third and fourth week. A similar pattern was observed with function, stiflhess and clinical response RR and number needed to treat. Topical NSAIDs were inferior to oral NSAIDs at week 1, and associated with more local side effects such as rash, itch or burning （RR 5.29, 95% CI 1.14 to 24. 51 ）. Conclusions Only very shortterm （less than 4 weeks） RCTs have assessed topical NSAID efficacy in OA ; after 2 weeks no efficacy above placebo has been obsevrved. There are no trial data to support the long-term use of topical NSAIDs in osteoarthritis.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, VIP, CNKI and WanFang Data were electronically searched from inception to August 2018 to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on ciprofloxacin in the treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 9 RCTs involving 1 666 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: compared with control group, the ciprofloxacin more efficiently eradicate bacteria from sputum (RR=4.34, 95%CI 2.04 to 9.23, P=0.000 1), decrease risk of the exacerbations (RR=0.81, 95%CI 0.71 to 0.93, P=0.002) and the mean bacterial load (MD=–4.08, 95%CI –6.29 to –1.87, P=0.001). However, there were no significant differences between two groups in clinical efficiency and adverse events.ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that, ciprofloxacin can decrease the mean bacterial load and risk of the exacerbation, and more efficiently eradicate bacteria from sputum in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more studies are required to verify the conclusions.
Objectives To assess the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data and CBM databases were searched for studies on the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of CHD from inception to October 2016. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 12.0 software. Results In total, 14 cohort studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that subclinical hyperthyroidism was associated with the incidence of coronary heart disease (RR=1.19, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.40, P=0.04) and all-cause mortality (RR=1.36, 95%CI 1.11 to 1.67, P=0.003). Conclusions Subclinical hyperthyroidism is associated with an increased risk of CHD and all-cause mortality. Due to the limitation of quality and quantity of the studies, the above conclusions are required to be verified by large-scale and high quality research.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the correlation between HDL-C level and lung cancer. MethodsSuch databases as PubMed, EBSCO, ISI Web of Science, The Cochrane Library (Issue 8, 2015), VIP, and CNKI Data were electronically searched from inception to September 23th, 2015 to collect studies about the correlation between HDL level and lung cancer. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. ResultsFifteen studies involving 2 015 lung cancer patients and 15 505 controls were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the total HDL-C level in the lung cancer group was lower than that in the control group (SMD=-0.68, 95%CI-0.97 to -0.40, P=0.000). Further subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of lung cancer of different clinical classification (SMDⅠ~Ⅱ=-0.65, 95%CI -1.07 to -0.23, P=0.002; SMDⅢ~Ⅳ=-0.61, 95%CI -0.73 to -0.50, P=0.000), different pathological types (the small cell lung cancer excluded) (SMDAC=-0.76, 95%CI -1.13 to -0.38, P=0.000; SMDSC=-1.51, 95%CI -2.47 to -0.56, P=0.010; SMDSCLC=-1.19, 95%CI -1.42 to -0.95, P=0.000), different quality scores (SMD≥6 score=-0.60, 95%CI -0.89 to -0.29, P=0.000; SMD< 6 score=-0.77, 95%CI -1.48 to -0.0, P=0.015), the number of different studies (SMD≥100 cases=-0.48, 95%CI -0.80 to -0.15, P=0.004; SMD< 100 cases=-0.80, 95%CI -1.33 to -0.27, P=0.003), smoking (SMD=-1.47, 95%CI -2.51 to -0.43, P=0.006) and Asia (SMD=-0.92, 95%CI -1.21 to -0.63, P=0.000) was correlated with the level of HDL-C. ConclusionThe level of HDL-C is related to the incidence of lung cancer, and low HDL-C level may increase the risk of lung cancer. In view of the limitations of the studies, the above conclusions need a great many large samples and adjust the smoking status of the prospective cohort study at home and abroad to verify.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the prevalence and risk factors of the chronic post-cesarean section pain (CPCSP). MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PsycInfo, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP, and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the prevalence and risk factors of CPCSP from inception to August 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 15.1 software. ResultsA total of 43 studies involving 12 435 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of CPCSP for 2 to 5 months, 6 to 11 months, and at least 12 months were 19% (95%CI 15% to 23%), 13% (95%CI 9% to 17%), and 8% (95%CI 6% to 10%), respectively. The risk factors included preoperative pain present elsewhere, postoperative severe acute pain, low abdominal transverse incision, non-intrathecal administration of morphine, preoperative anxiety, postpartum depression, etc. ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that the overall prevalence of CPCSP is high. Preoperative pain presents elsewhere, postoperative severe acute pain, low abdominal transverse incision, non-intrathecal administration of morphine, preoperative anxiety and postpartum depression may increase the risk of CPCSP.
ObjectiveTo systematic review the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance (MR) for pulmonary embolism (PE).MethodsWe electronically searched databases including EMbase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, WanFang Data and CNKI from inception to November 2016, to collect the diagnostic studies about MR in the diagnosis of PE. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, and then meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 12.0 software.ResultsA total of 14 studies involving 1 042 patients were included. The pooled Sen, Spe, +LR, –LR and DOR were 0.90 (95%CI 0.83 to 0.94), 0.95 (95%CI 0.90 to 0.98), 19.8 (95%CI 8.5 to 46.1), 0.10 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.18), 189 (95%CI 69 to 521), respectively. The AUC of SROC were 0.97 (95%CI 0.95 to 0.98).ConclusionMR has a good diagnosis value for PE which can be regarded as an effective and feasible method for suspected PE patients, especially for those who has contraindication of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the associations of cognitive frailty with mortality and hospitalization in the elderly. MethodsThe VIP, PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on the association of cognitive frailty with mortality or hospitalization in the elderly from inception to May, 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed by R 4.2.2 software. ResultsA total of 19 cohort studies involving 63 624 elderly were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with healthy elder, the elder with cognitive frailty had a higher mortality (OR=2.75, 95%CI 2.10 to 3.59, P<0.01) and hospitalization (OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.40 to 2.00, P<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that cognitive frailty was related to the risk of death in different status of frailty and cognitive function, different assessment tools, different countries of development, different follow-up time and research sites. At the same time, different status of frailty and cognitive function and different levels of development of countries were related to the risk of hospitalization. ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that cognitive frailty can increase the risk of hospitalization and mortality in the elderly. It is suggested that early screening and intervention of cognitive frailty should be carried out to effectively reduce the risk of adverse consequences, so as to achieve healthy aging.