Prevention and treatment of traumatic neuroma by implanting the proximal neural stump into the muscle were studied. Sixteen SD rats were used for the experimental study. The proximal stump of the left sciatic nerve was implanted into the nearby muscle as the experiment side, whereas the proximal stump of the right sciatic nerve was left untreated as the control side. The results were assessed with histological and electrophysiological methods. The experiment demonstrated that neuroma was formed in the control side one month postoperatively, whereas in the experimental side the nerve fibers were dispersed among the muscle fibers and no definite neuroma was formed. Implantation of neural stump into muscle could prevent and treat traumatic neuroma.
In order to verify the effectiveness of neural stump buried into the muscle in the prevention and treatment of neuroma, 17 cases were reported, in which 8 cases having 19 painful neuromas and 9 cases having 13 amputated meural stumps, buried into muscle. They wese followed up for 6 months to 40 months, It was shown that good and excellent results were obtained and no evidence of neuroma was observed in all cases except in one which had painful neuroma occurred from the failure of embedment of the neural stump into the muscle. The conclusion was that the neural stump buried into muscle was an effective method for the prevention and treatment of neuroma.
This paper reviews the implementation of disease prevention and control policy of Sichuan province in three historic stages, and analyses the situation, challenges and tasks about disease prevention and controlling in future, based on the new requirements about hygiene and medicine. Three strategies should be taken: 1) to improve the capacity and quality of health service; 2) to optimize the structure of institutions and talent teams; 3) to focus on the Healthy Sichuan construction, the treatment-prevention synergy, and the poverty health care.
Delirium is an acute, transient, usually reversible, fluctuating disturbance in consciousness, attention, cognition, and perception. Delirium after cardiac operations is associated with increased morbidity, reduced cognitive functioning, increased short-term and long-term mortality, longer hospitalization and higher hospitalization cost. The diagnosis, prevention and treatment of delirium are of great importance for perioperative care of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Effective delirium screening tools are very helpful for the recognition and monitoring of delirium after cardiac surgery. In recent years, there has been many new strategies for the treatment, nursing care and prevention of delirium after cardiac surgery. This review focuses on the incidence, risk factors, diagnostic methods, treatment and preventive strategies of delirium after cardiac surgery.
Objective To report the screening, prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis for Lushan earthquake victims in the West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Methods Among the Lushan earthquake victims screened by vascular color Doppler, those with detected venous thrombosis were treated reasonably, and those without detected venous thrombosis were prevented early. Results There were total 235 Lushan earthquake victims in the hospital as of the 11th day after earthquake, and they were screened by vascular color Doppler. Among 26 cases with detected venous thrombosis, 25 were lower limb venous thrombosis, and the other one was upper limb venous thrombosis. Three cases were treated by rehabilitation intervention alone, three cases were treated by drug intervention alone, and the other 20 cases were treated by both rehabilitation and drug intervention. As of 30 days after the earthquake, the reexamination results of 26 victims with venous thrombosis showed that: 11 cases improved, including 5 completely recanalization and 6 incompletely recanalization. Among the three cases with drug intervention alone, one got completely recanalization, accounted for 33.33%. Among the three cases with rehabilitation intervention alone, one got incompletely recanalization, accounted for 33.33%. Among the 20 cases with both rehabilitation and drug intervention, four got completely recanalization, accounted for 20.0%, and five got incompletely recanalization, accounted for 25.0%. Conclusion Most Lushan earthquake victims with venous thrombosis are the elderly and women, stay in the ICU, and suffer from fractures in different degrees. The timely prevention and treatment can relieve local pain, promote early entry in the rehabilitation treatment, and prevent pulmonary embolism and other risks. The rehabilitation intervention and/or drug intervention should be adopted to the victims with detected venous thrombosis as well as the victims without detected venous thrombosis but have high risk factors, for it can effectively prevent and treat the further thrombosis and other bad consequences of the detachment of thrombus.
ObjectiveTo summarize the prevention method for pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenec-tomy. MethodLiteratures related to the prevention methods for postoperative pancreatic fistula at home and abroad in recent years were retrieved and summarized. ResultsThe pancreatic fistula was a common complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy. It was mainly caused by preoperative continuous high jaundice, selection of intraoperative anastomosis, and early postoperative pancreatic juice secretion. Trypsinogen was activated by alkaline intestinal juice and then the nearby tissue was digested. Pancreatic juice flowed into abdominal cavity to digest the tissue, then caused serious complications or even death. Through the prevention of drugs, preoperative biliary drainage and intraoperative anastomosis, etc., the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula was slightly decreased. ConclusionThe prevention for postoperative pancreatic fistula is an integrated process, and it needs to be ran through the whole perioperative period.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of topical fluoride on prevention of enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment in China. Methods The Cochrane Library（Issue 9, 2012), MEDLINE (1996 to 2012.10), EMbase (1974 to 2012.10), CNKI (1994 to 2012.10), VIP (1994 to 2012.10), WanFang data (1998 to 2012.10) and CBM (1978 to 2012.10) are searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-Randomized controlled trials (qRCTs) about topical fluoride preventing enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment. The bibliographies of the included studies were searched, too. Two reviewers evaluated the quality of the included studies and extracted data critically and independently, and then the extracted data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 20 studies within 19 articles were included, which involved 26 323 teeth. The results of meta-analysis results show that, the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride varnish group (8.4%) was lower than that of the control group (16.0%) (OR=0.44, 95%CI 0.33 to 0.59, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride coating group (8.3%) was lower than that of the control group (17.7%) (OR=0.46, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.60, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride toothpaste group (9.0%) was lower than that of the control group (14.5%) (OR=0.59, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.71, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride foam group (11.6%) was lower than that of the control group (18.2%) (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.24 to 0.96, P=0.04); the rate of enamel demineralization of other groups (12.0%) was lower than that of the control group (21.8%) (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.60, Plt;0.000 01). Two outcomes were low quality in the GRADE system and the other three are very low quality. Conclusion Current domestic evidence shows that topical fluoride is effective to prevent enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment. However, given the low methodological quality of most included studies, this conclusion still needs to be further proved by conducting more strictly-designed, high-quality and large-scale studies.
Objective To discuss the pathogeny， treatment and prophylactic measures of postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS). Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with laparoscopic PCS in our department from October 2000 to March 2009 were analyzed. Results Etiological factors were found in 131 patients: one hundred and twelve cases were due to the reasons of biliary system, including bile duct residual stones after cystic resection， the injury bile duct stenosis， a long residual cystic canal， nipple benign stricture, bile duct tumor etc; Nineteen examples were due to other reasons, including gallbladder stone merger reflux gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcer， diverticulum beside duodenal nipple, and so on, which resulted in the symptoms un-release after cystic resection. Nineteen cases were not found organic lesion. In ones whose etiological factors were definite, 117 cases were treated with different surgeries according to different etiological factors; another 33 cases were treated with conservative treatment. Total 145 cases were followed up, and 139 cases in them were cured or relieved at different degrees. Conclusion Careful preoperative examination, normalized operation avoiding damaging bile duct and leaving behind bile duct stones can effectively prevent laparoscopic PCS.
ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the ophthalmic resource distribution and service ability of Leshan City, and provide scientific basis for development of ophthalmology and prevention of blindness. MethodsWe statistically analyzed all departments of ophthalmology in 17 general hospitals of Leshan, including numbers of beds, numbers of health technicians, professional title structure, ophthalmic instruments, levels of operation and service ability in 2012. ResultsThere were 186 ophthalmic beds, 84 ophthalmologists, 6 technicians, 64 nurses, 16 professors, 28 doctors with medium-level title, and 40 residents in the 17 general hospitals of Leshan. There were 184 300 out-patients and 9 920 in-patients with 12 320 operations including 6 211 cataract operations in the year of 2012. ConclusionThe ophthalmic resources and service ability are not equally distributed in Leshan. Most resources are distributed in big hospitals of the urban district. Meanwhile, hospitals in remote areas do not have ophthalmologists or ophthalmologic instruments. We should develop our service ability and work efficiency by continuous learning in order to improve the three-level primary blindness prevention system.