Ankle arthritis affects approximately 1% of the adult population worldwide and represents a serious global disease burden. However, compared with hip arthritis and knee arthritis, the clinical understanding and treatment of ankle arthritis are still in their infancy. For end-stage ankle arthritis, ankle arthrodesis was considered as the “gold standard” in the past. However, ankle arthrodesis will result in loss of joint mobility, altered gait, limited daily activities, and accelerated degeneration of adjacent joints. Therefore, how to preserve the range of motion of the ankle joint while relieving pain is the key to the treatment of ankle arthritis. Currently, the surgical treatment of ankle arthritis includes arthroscopic debridement, periarticular osteotomies, osteochondral transplantation, ankle distraction arthroplasty, ankle arthrodesis, and total ankle arthroplasty. The choice of treatment should be individualized and based on various factors such as the patient’s symptoms, signs, imaging performance, complaints, and financial situation. However, there are no guidelines that give clear treatment recommendations. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct extensive and in-depth discussions on the diagnosis and treatment of ankle arthritis.
Objective To compare single cell suspension of neural stem cells (NSCs) with neurospheres transplantation for spinal cord injury (SCI) so as to explore the therapeutic effectiveness of two NSCs transplantation methods for SCI. Methods The NSCs were isolated from the spinal cord of adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, purified and cultured. At passage 3, the cells were identified by Hoechst33342, Nestin staining, and gl ial fibrillary acidic protein staining for differentiated cells. Sixty adult SD rats (weighing 230-250 g) were made the SCI models at T10 level with modified Allen method and randomlydivided into 3 groups (20 rats in each). The injury sites were treated by injecting 5 μL sal ine (group A), 5 μL single cellssuspensions of NSCs at passage 3 (group B), and 5 μL neurospheres cell suspensions at passage 3 (group C). At preoperation and 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after operation, the locomotor functions of each group were assessed using the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) rating scale. HE staining was applied to observe the morphology of spinal cord. Subsequently immunofluorescence staining was used to observe microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2). Results The cells cultured were NSCs by morphological observation and immunofluorescence staining. After 3 days of modeling surgery, BBB score significantly decreased when compared with preoperative score, and there was no significant difference among 3 groups at 3 and 7 days (P gt; 0.05). BBB score increased in different degrees with time; at 14, 21, and 28 days, BBB score of groups B and C was better than that of group A, and group C was better than group B, showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05). HE staining showed that spinal cord structure of group C was more clear than that of groups A and B, and had less scar. There was no significant difference in the number of MAP-2 positive cells among 3 groups at 3 and 7 days (P gt; 0.05). At 14, 21, and 28 days, the number of MAP-2 positive cells of groups B and C was significantly more than that of group A, and group C was more than group B, showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Transplantation of neurospheres suspension compared with single cell can significantly promote NSCsto differentiate into neurons and is conducive to recover the lower extremity function after SCI.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognostic significance of metastatic lymph nodes ratio (MLNR) in patients with node-positive breast cancer. MethodsThe clinical data of 94 patients with nodepositive breast cancer underwent modified radical mastectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The survival rate and prognosis factors of patients with complete follow-up data were assessed by log-rank test and multivariate regression analysis. Results The survival time of 94 patients ranged from 12-75 months, with median 64 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 72.34% (68/94). The total MLNR was 0.31 (486/1 553). Univariate analysis demonstrated that the survival was influenced significantly by tumor size, number of lymph node metastasis, MLNR, ER status, and radiotherapy or not (Plt;0.05), but not by patient’s age, menopause or not, PR status, endocrine therapy or not, and histological type (Pgt;0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that MLNR (OR=2.565, 95%CI=1.043-6.309， P=0.040) and tumor size (OR=2.220, 95%CI=1.045-4.716， P=0.038) were independent prognostic factors for the patients with node-positive breast cancer. Conclusion MLNR is a major independent prognostic factor for the patients with node-positive breast cancer, which is more accurate than the number of metastatic lymph nodes in predicting the survival of patients with node-positive breast cancer.
目的:通过病例复查,找出前牙桩冠修复工作中的问题及不足,使前牙桩冠修复技术更加完善。方法:收集临床病例进行有关项目复查。结果:成品桩钉和铸造桩核固位效果无差异,烤瓷冠满意度100％。塑料冠外观差,对龈组织刺激性大,远期效果不理想。结论: 桩核的类型不影响桩冠的固位,金属烤瓷冠是前牙桩冠理想的修复材料。
Objective To summarize the role of Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels in the osteoarticular system, in order to provide reference for subsequent research. Methods Extensive literature review was conducted to summarize the structural characteristics, gating mechanisms, activators and blockers of Piezo ion channels, as well as their roles in the osteoarticular systems. Results The osteoarticular system is the main load-bearing and motor tissue of the body, and its ability to perceive and respond to mechanical stimuli is one of the guarantees for maintaining normal physiological functions of bones and joints. The occurrence and development of many osteoarticular diseases are closely related to abnormal mechanical loads. At present, research shows that Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels differentiate towards osteogenesis by responding to stretching stimuli and regulating cellular Ca2+ influx signals; and it affects the proliferation and migration of osteoblasts, maintaining bone homeostasis through cellular communication between osteoblasts-osteoclasts. Meanwhile, Piezo1 protein can indirectly participate in regulating the formation and activity of osteoclasts through its host cells, thereby regulating the process of bone remodeling. During mechanical stimulation, the Piezo1 ion channel maintains bone homeostasis by regulating the expressions of Akt and Wnt1 signaling pathways. The sensitivity of Piezo1/2 ion channels to high strain mechanical signals, as well as the increased sensitivity of Piezo1 ion channels to mechanical transduction mediated by Ca2+ influx and inflammatory signals in chondrocytes, is expected to become a new entry point for targeted prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis. But the specific way mechanical stimuli regulate the physiological/pathological processes of bones and joints still needs to be clarified. Conclusion Piezo mechanosensitive ion channels give the osteoarticular system with important abilities to perceive and respond to mechanical stress, playing a crucial mechanical sensing role in its cellular fate, bone development, and maintenance of bone and cartilage homeostasis.
Objective To investigate the impact of immunonutrition in organ transplantation.Methods The literatures of recent years on the studies of immunonutrition in organ transplantation were reviewed. Results Immunonutrition including ω-3 fatty acid and special amino acids etc could reduce inflamation and supress immunal response following organ transplantation markably. Conclusion Application of immunonutrition associated with immunosupress could take the place of traditional steroids completely in the treatment following organ transplantation, even shorten clinical course of immunosupress.
Objective To analyze the surgical feasibility, operative key points and visual function recovery of scleral buckling in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with large or giant retinal hole. Methods RRD patients with large or giant retinal hole who underwent scleral buckling in Chengdu Aidi Eye Hospital between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2020 were retrospectively selected. The general data, complications and postoperative recovery of the patients were observed. Results A total of 344 inpatients (351 eyes) underwent scleral buckling with RRD, including 43 patients (43 eyes) with retinal detachment of large or giant hole. Among the 43 patients, there were 30 males (30 eyes) and 13 females (13 eyes); 42 cases were successfully operated and got retinal reattachment, and 1 failed. One week later, the patient underwent vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade, and got retinal reattachment. No serious complications occurred in the patients after operation. The visual acuity of most patients improved after surgery. ConclusionsScleral buckling is still an effective method to treat RRD. It is still suitable for more patients as long as they are carefully checked before operation and the operators master the key points of operation. At the same time, more patients’ vitreous bodies can be preserved, and the normal structure and intraocular environment of the eyeball can be maintained.
Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), as an urgent clinical challenge after percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), has become a research hotspot in the cardiovascular field for its pathophysiological mechanisms and early accurate assessment strategies. The paper systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms of CMD after reperfusion therapy in STEMI patients, and at the level of diagnostic technology, it deeply analyzes the clinical application value of invasive assessment tools such as coronary flow reserve fraction and index of microcirculatory resistance, and focuses on the unique advantages of quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance analysis for visual assessment of microcirculatory function, aiming to construct a multidimensional assessment system for CMD after STEMI, which will provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the risk stratification of cardiovascular events and formulating individualized treatment strategies.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo eliminate the interference of CEA-related substances in CEA measurement and increase the specificity of CEA in the detection of malignant digestive diseases. MethodsCEA level of peripheral blood and digestive juice (bile, gastric juice) from patients with benign or malignant digestive diseases was measured by ELISA, and semi-dry electrophoretic transfer method of Western blot technique to distinguish CEA and CEA-related substances. ResultsIn malignant diseases, the CEA level of digestive juice was significantly higher than that in the blood, and there was no difference of CEA level in digestive juice and blood in benign diseases. Meanwhile, the CEA level of digestive juice and blood in malignant diseases were significantly higher than that in benign diseases. A specific band (molecular weight about 210×103) was detected in all malignant diseases except four cases whose CEA level was too low (less than 5 μg/L), whereas no one of benign diseases had this specific band no matter how high or low the CEA level was. ConclusionThe specificity of CEA detection in malignant digestive diseases can be improved by using digestive juice as sample and combining with Western blot technique.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of interleukin (IL)-26 on the late phase of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced lung inflammation in mouse model.MethodsThirty-two mice were equally and randomly divided into four groups: blank control group, IL-26 control group, LPS model group, and IL-26 intervention group. The blank control group was given intranasal administration of phosphate buffered solution (PBS, 40 μl) and PBS (40 μl) 10 minutes apart. The IL-26 control group was given recombinant human interleukin-26 (rhIL-26; 50 μg/kg, dissolved in 40 μg PBS) and PBS successively. The LPS model group was given intranasal administration of PBS (40 μl) and LPS (10 mg/kg, dissolved in 40 μl PBS) at 10 minutes interval. The IL-26 intervention group was given intranasal administration of rhIL-26 and LPS at 10 minutes interval. Seventy-two hours later after treatment, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell count, cytokine assay and pathological staining of lung tissue were performed in each group. The gene expression of inflammatory pathway in lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR. One-way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. ResultsCompared with the blank control group, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and activating transcription factor 3 in IL-26 control group increased significantly (all P < 0.05). The number of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, total BALF cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils, and the content of macrophage inflammatory protein-1a in BALF were significantly increased in IL-26 intervention group comparing with LPS model group (all P < 0.05). IL-26 intervention group had more inflammatory subsidence in interstitial, perivascular, peribronchial and mean values than LPS model group (all P < 0.05). The expressions of Toll-like receptor 4, Toll-like receptor 2 and interferon γ induced protein 10 in IL-26 intervention group were significantly higher than those in LPS model group (all P < 0.05).ConclusionIL-26 can significantly alleviate the late inflammatory reaction of lung tissue in LPS-induced mouse inflammation model.