Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a multi-potential tumor based on mesenchymal cells distributed around capillaries. The main affected population is female, and the clinical manifestations are not specific. It can affect all parts of the body. There are more PEComa in the uterus and very few PEComa in the liver. Due to its low incidence, clinicians lack awareness of it. Based on the relevant literature, this article reviews the clinicopathological features, imaging features, molecular phenotypes, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of liver PEComa, so as to strengthen the understanding of the disease, prevent missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis, and guide clinical work.
Esophageal cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive tract in China, and radical surgery remains the cornerstone of its comprehensive treatment. However, multifactorial challenges such as postoperative gastrointestinal tract reconstruction, traumatic stress, and tumor-related metabolic disturbances render esophageal cancer patients highly susceptible to malnutrition. Perioperative nutritional support therapy plays a crucial role in enhancing surgical safety, improving clinical outcomes, and elevating patients' quality of life by regulating metabolic homeostasis, preserving organ function, and optimizing the immune microenvironment. This article reviews the mechanisms underlying malnutrition in esophageal cancer, methods for nutritional status assessment, and precision intervention pathways based on multi-omics evaluations. The aim is to strengthen clinicians' awareness of standardized perioperative nutritional management for esophageal cancer patients and promote its clinical implementation, thereby facilitating postoperative recovery and improving long-term quality of life.