Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and the treatment of 20 confirmed A/H1N1 flu cases of serious conditions. Methods The 20 confirmed A/H1N1 flu cases of serious conditions were collected and we analyzed their Clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis. Results The 20 cases of serious conditions were given Oseltamivir, endotrachealintubation, ventilator ventilator assistant, high dose intravenous injection of Gamma-globulin/ albuminum/plasam of A/H1N1 flu rehabilitation, appropriate liquid recovery and hypothermic treatment, etc. A total of 19 of 20 confirmed A/H1N1 flu cases of serious conditions were cured and 1 case died. Conclusion The intent observation, early detection and early intervention are very helpful for A/H1N1 flu cases of serious conditions.
OBJECTIVE To understand the biological activities of the nerve regeneration conditioned fluid (NRCF). METHODS Nerve regeneration chamber was made by using silicone tube bridging distal and proximal ends of severed SD rat’s sciatic nerve. The biological activities of the proteins in NRCF, which were separated by natural polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), were analysed by being cocultured with excised neonatal dorsal root ganglia (DRG). RESULTS Eight separated protein bands of NRCF were observed between 67-669 ku in molecular weight, and the protein bands between 232-440 ku showed b neurotrophic and chemotactic function. CONCLUSION NRCF has the promoting effects on nerve regeneration.
Objective To study the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning(IP) duration against ischemic reperfusion injury of skeletal muscle. Methods Thirty-six Wister rats were made amputation-like models, which underwent temporary amputation at the level of the femur, excluding the femoral vessels. They were divided into 6 groups(n=6) according to different treatments before ischemiareperfusion: group A(4 hours of ischemiareperfusion); groups B, C, D, E(5, 10,15, 20 minutes of ischemia and 5, 10, 15, 20 minutes of reperfusion respectively, for 3 cycles, 4 hours ischemiareperfusion ); group F (no ischemia-reperfusion). The malondialdehyde(MDA), the extent of edema and necrosis of skeletal muscle were measured to observe protective effects of different ischemic preconditioning duration. Results Five minutes of ischemic preconditioning（IP5）could protect skeletal muscle of ischaemia against necrosis and the survival area of the muscle was 82.47%.The effects of IP10 and IP 15 were significantly superior to that of IP5 and the survival areas of the muscle were 89.03% and 89.49%. The effect of IP20(78.27%) was significantly inferior to that IP5. IP5 could reduce edema of skeletal muscle, the effect of IP10 was significantly superior to that of IP5. IP5, IP 10,and IP 15 could decrease the level of MDA, but IP20 did not decrease it. Conclusion The trend of protective effect of IP on ischemia-reperfusion injury of themuscle in rats first rise to the peak and then go down,10minutes ofIPis optimal.
Objective To investigate the protection on the intrahepatic cholangiocyte mediated by hypoxic preconditioning (HP) after liver transplantation and the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Methods The model of autologous liver transplantation was established, and the rats were divided into 3 groups: autologous liver transplantation group, hypoxic preconditioning before operation group (HP group) and sham operation group. At 6, 12, 24, 48 h after operation, blood samples were collected for examination of the serum total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the expression of VEGF was detected by immunohistochemical method. The pathological changes of cholangiocytes were observed by light microscope. Results As compared with autologous liver transplantation group, the levels of seurm TBIL, DBIL and ALP in HP group were lower (P＜0.05), while the expression of VEGF in HP group was higher at the whole process (P＜0.05). The degrees of billiary epithelium damage and inflammatory infiltration in autologous liver transplantation group were more severe than those in HP group. Conclusion HP has protective effect on cholangiocytes after liver transplantation, in which VEGF may play an important role.
Objective To determine whether the different durations and times of the ischemic preconditioning affect the effectiveness of the ischemic preconditioning. Methods Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group and the eight preconditioned groups of 10 rats each. A transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap (TRAM) was elevated in each rat. The flaps were preconditioned by clamping the pedicle and reperfusing for 5 or 10 minutes per cycle. This was repeated for one or two cycles. The controls were simply perfused for 30 minutes. Each flap was then subjected to 4 hours of the global ischemia. Three rats in each group were killed for anestimate of the water content in the muscle and for observation on the muscularstructure under microscope. The flap surface survival areas of the other rats were calculated on the 7th postoperative day by the computerized video planimetry. Results The water content in the muscle was evidently reduced. The mean survival area of the flap in every preconditioned group increased by2-3 times compared with that of the controls(P＜0.001). The different proceduresof the ischemic preconditioning produced different protective effects. Conclusion The ischemic preconditioning is an available means to alleviate an ischemiareperfusion injury to the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap in rats. The effect of the ischemic preconditioning is affected by the duration and time of the ischemic preconditioning.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of simulated in vivo physiological environment severed limb fostering system applying remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) perfusion on preserving severed limb. MethodEighteen adult Bama mini pigs (24-30 kg in weight) were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6) . No ischemic treatment was given in group A as normal control group; the right lower limbs were completely amputated and preserved at room temperature for 3 hours to make ischemic models in groups B and C, and then the severed limbs were put into the simulated in vivo physiological environment severed limb fostering system. Continuous blood perfusion was performed in group B, and continuous blood perfusion was performed after RIC perfusion in group C. After 8 hours of perfusion, the skeletal muscle samples were harvested for the morphology observation by transmission electron microscopy. The protein levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) and Caspase-3 were detected by Western blot. The content of cytochrome C in both mitochondria and cytoplasm was determined by ELISA. ResultsTransmission electron microscopy results illustrated that the muscle fibers arranged more orderly and the mitochondria swelling was slighter in group C than group B. Western blot analysis showed that the protein levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were significantly higher in groups B and C than group A (P<0.05) ; the protein level of Bcl-2 significantly increased and the protein level of Caspase-3 significantly decreased in group C when compared with those in group B (P<0.05) . ELISA detection implicated that mitochondrial cytochrome C significantly reduced and cytosolic cytochrome C significantly increased in group B when compared with those in groups A and C (P<0.05) , but no significant difference was found between group A and group C (P>0.05) . ConclusionsThe ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to skeletal muscle could be considerably inhibited by RIC perfusion. The simulated in vivo physiological environment severed limb fostering system applying RIC perfusion can significantly prolong the severed limb preserving time.
Objective To study the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (sTREM-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in abdominal infection-caused sepsis. Methods A total of 170 patients with abdominal infection treated in the First Hospital of Qinhuangdao between January 2019 and March 2022 were retrospectively selected and divided into sepsis group (n=76) and non-sepsis group (n=94) according to whether they were combined with abdominal infection-caused sepsis. In addition, 80 healthy people in the same period were selected as the control group. The levels of serum sTREM-1 and COX-2 in the three groups were detected and the differences were compared. The laboratory indexes, including white blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin of patients with abdominal infection-caused sepsis were detected. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System Ⅱ and prognosis (survival or death) of patients with abdominal infection-caused sepsis were evaluated. The correlations of serum sTREM-1 and COX-2 with the severity of sepsis were analyzed, and the diagnostic and prognostic value of sTREM-1 and COX-2 in abdominal infection-caused sepsis was assessed. Results The levels of serum sTREM-1 and COX-2 in the sepsis group were higher than those in the control group and the non-sepsis group (P<0.05). The levels of serum sTREM-1 and COX-2 in the sepsis group were positively correlated with white blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System Ⅱ score (P<0.05). The serum levels of sTREM-1 and COX-2 of patients who died during hospitalization in the sepsis group were higher than those of the surviving patients. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the serum sTREM-1 and COX-2 levels for diagnosing sepsis caused by abdominal infection were 0.814 [95% confidence interval (CI) (0.746, 0.882), P<0.001] and 0.848 [95%CI (0.788, 0.905), P<0.001], respectively, with critical values of 1.879 pg/mL and 18.75 ng/mL, respectively, and those for predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis caused by abdominal infection were 0.775 [95%CI (0.659, 0.890), P<0.001] and 0.784 [95%CI (0.679, 0.889), P<0.001], respectively, with critical values of 2.283 pg/mL and 23.02 ng/mL, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The serum levels of sTREM-1 and COX-2 have certain value in the diagnosis and prognosis prediction of abdominal infection-caused sepsis.
Objective To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning(IPC) on myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury(I/R) of elderly rats. Methods Fiftysix Wistar rats, of which there were 28 aged from 21-23months(elderly rat) and 28 aged from 4-5months(young rat), were used to build isolated heart perfusion Langendorff model. The rats were divided into 7 groups with random number table（8 in each group）: adult control group, adult I/R group, adult IPC group, elderly control group, elderly I/R group, elderly IPC group and elderly enhanced IPC group. The control group underwent a 90-min perfusion without any intervention; the I/R group underwent a 30-min equilibration period, then a 30-min ischemia and a 30-min reperfusion; the IPC group underwent a 10-min equilibration period, then a 5-min ischemia for twice and a 5-min reperfusion, after that a 30-min ischemia and [CM(158-3mm]a 30-min reperfusion; the enhanced IPC group underwent a 10-min equilibration period, then a 5-min ischemia for 4-times and a 5-min reperfusion, after that a 30-min ischemia and a 30-min reperfusion. The recovery rates of cardiac output(CO), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), the maximum rising and descending rate of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dtmax) after a 30-min reperfusion were compared among groups. The activity of creatine kinase (CK) in coronary outflow, the level of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) before ischemia and after a 30min reperfusion were detected. The myocardial infarction areas were compared among groups. Results After a 30min reperfusion, compared with adult I/R group, in adult IPC group CK reduced significantly(89.48±18.72 U/L vs. 115.76±16.72 U/L，q=6.061，Plt;0.01)，the level of MDA decreased significantly（9.53±3.44 nmol/ml vs. 16.84±2.29 nmol/ml，q=7.732，Plt;0.01)，the level of SOD increased significantly（584.7±122.62 U/ml vs. 429.46±85.24 U/ml，q=4.754，Plt;0.01)，the recovery rates of CO,LVDP,+dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmax increased ignificantly(78.69%±9.68% vs. 65.10%±8.63%，83.61%±8.46% vs. 67.23±8.68%，81.68±8.68% vs. 67.89%±6.89%，89.79%±7.78% vs. 66.79%±8.46%，Plt;0.01), the myocardial infarction areas reduced significantly (5.25%±4.33% vs. 14.75%±8.02%,q=7.458，Plt;0.01)。There was no statistical significance between elderly IPC group and elderly I/R group in the above indexes（Pgt;0.05）.However, There was statistical significances between elderly enhanced IPC group and I/R group. CK reduced significantly (88.60±28.32 U/L vs. 105.76±9.64 U/L，q=5.620，Plt;0.01)，the level of MDA decreased significantly（8.38±3.36 nmol/ml vs. 16.80±3.06 nmol/ml，q=7.500，Plt;0.01)，the level of SOD increased significantly（558.87±78.66 U/ml vs. 433.75±86.65 U/ml，q=7.335，Plt;0.01)，the recovery rates of CO,LVDP,+dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmax increased significantly (77.99%±10.02% vs. 66.26%±9.78%，85.59%±6.67% vs. 73.90%±6.66%，83.87%±9.98% vs. 68.90%±8.68%，86.01%±766% vs. 70.39%±7.98%，Plt;0.01)， the myocardial infarction areas reduced significantly (795%±6.32% vs. 1568%±10.36%,q=8.680， Plt;0.01). 〖WTHZ〗Conclusion The protective effect of IPC on I/R elderly rat hearts has weakened. The enhanced IPC is able to regain the protective effect of IPC on elderly rat hearts.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of simvastatin and mechanical pretreatment on intimal hyperplasia of venous graft and its mechanism.MethodsTwelve New Zealand rabbits were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: a blank control group, a simvastatin topical treatment group, a mechanical precondition group and a combined group (n=3 in each group). Ultrasound was used to evaluate the changes of graft wall and blood flow velocity in the graft, and pathological section was used to evaluate the intimal hyperplasia. Human umbilical cord endodermal cells were cultured in vitro. A simvastatin group and a solvent control group were set to detect YAP phosphorylation, downstream target gene expression and cell proliferation.ResultsVascular ultrasound showed that except the simvastatin topical treatment group, the flow velocity in vein grafts in the other three groups significantly increased 21 days after surgery compared with 7 days after surgery (P<0.01). Pathological sections showed that the thickness of new intima in the simvastatin topical treatment group, mechanical precondition group, combined group and blank control group were 45.56±4.11 μm, 201.28±16.71 μm, 143.57±7.82 μm, 249.45±13.33 μm, respectively, and there were statistical differences compared with the blank control group (P<0.05). In vitro results showed that compared with the solvent control group, cell death was observed in high concentration simvastatin (5 mmol/L) group, cell proliferation was inhibited in low concentration simvastatin (2.5 mmol/L) group (P<0.05), the expression of YAP protein in the simvastatin group was unchanged, but the expression of phosphorylated YAP protein significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression of downstream target gene ccn1 was down-regulated (P<0.001).ConclusionIntravascular local application of simvastatin and mechanical preconditioning alone or in combination can inhibit intimal hyperplasia of venous graft. High concentration of simvastatin has cytotoxicity, while low concentration of simvastatin has inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Simvastatin can inhibit the formation of new intima by inhibiting the entry of YAP into the nucleus and reducing the transcription of cell proliferation-related target gene ccn1.
Objective To explore the application value of self-made visual teaching aids in gynecological and obstetrical nursing education. Methods A total of 240 nursing students in grade 2009 from Fujian Medical University and Fujian Health College were selected by cluster sampling and divided by simple randomization into 2 groups (the trial group and the control group). Besides the multimedia combined with traditional teaching adopted in both groups, the visual teaching aids for fetal intrauterine condition was also adopted in the trial group rather than the control group. Questionnaire survey and focus group interview were adopted to appraise the satisfactory degree of all nursing students and the teaching effects evaluation of students in the trial group. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in education background, and intelligibility evaluation of theoretical study on both the fetal intrauterine condition and the complications in pregnancy and delivery periods (Pgt;0.05), while the difference was statistically significant in the satisfactory degree between different teaching methods (Plt;0.05). 85.0% of nursing students in the trial group thought that visual model could help them to better understand the complications in pregnancy and delivery periods, and the intrauterine condition, 99.17% of students thought that the teaching effect of visual model was better than traditional teaching, and 95.83% of students considered that visual model was favorable for course study. Conclusion The application of self-made visual teaching aids for fetal intrauterine condition makes gynecological and obstetrical nursing education more visual, facilitates students to better understand fetal intrauterine situation and part of the mechanism of pregnancy complications, arouses students’ learning interests, and lays a theory and practice foundation for follow-up internship, so as to enhance the quality of nursing teaching.