In order to conduct surface monitoring of the three-dimensional spine morphology of the human body in daily life, a spine morphology measuring method using "single camera, multi-view" to construct stereo vision is proposed. The images of the back of the human body with landmarks of spinous process are captured from multiple angles by moving a single camera, and based on the "Zhang Zhengyou calibration method" and the triangulation principle of binocular stereo vision, the spatial conversion matrices corresponding to each other between all images and the 3D coordinates of the landmarks are calculated. Then the spine evaluation angle used to evaluate the spine morphology is further calculated. The tests’ results showed that the spine evaluation angle error of this method is within ±3°, and the correlation between the results and the X-ray film Cobb angles is 0.871. The visual detection algorithm used in this paper is non-radioactive, and because only one camera is used in the measurement process and there is no need to pre-set the camera's shooting pose, the operation is simple. The research results of this article can be used in a mobile phone-based intelligent detection system, which will be suitable for the group survey of scoliosis in communities, schools, families and other occasions, as well as for the long-term follow-up of confirmed patients. This will provide a reference for doctors to diagnose the condition, predict the development trend of the condition, and formulate treatment plans.
Venous pressure monitoring is an important indicator for the arteriovenous fistula evaluation. Direct static venous pressure monitoring is recognized as the most accurate way of venous pressure monitoring, which is widely used in the functional monitoring, functional evaluation of arteriovenous fistula, the diagnosis of complications and the evaluation of surgical efficacy. Venous pressure monitoring has obvious advantages and disadvantages, so it is necessary to improve relevant knowledge to correctly guide clinical diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, the study of static venous pressure monitoring of arteriovenous fistula was summarized, in order to improve the understanding of the significance and clinical application of static venous pressure monitoring of arteriovenous fistula.
The monitoring of pregnant women is very important. It plays an important role in reducing fetal mortality, ensuring the safety of perinatal mother and fetus, preventing premature delivery and pregnancy accidents. At present, regular examination is the mainstream method for pregnant women's monitoring, but the means of examination out of hospital is scarce, and the equipment of hospital monitoring is expensive and the operation is complex. Using intelligent information technology (such as machine learning algorithm) can analyze the physiological signals of pregnant women, so as to realize the early detection and accident warning for mother and fetus, and achieve the purpose of high-quality monitoring out of hospital. However, at present, there are not enough public research reports related to the intelligent processing methods of out-of-hospital monitoring for pregnant women, so this paper takes the out-of-hospital monitoring for pregnant women as the research background, summarizes the public research reports of intelligent processing methods, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the existing research methods, points out the possible problems, and expounds the future development trend, which could provide reference for future related researches.
Objective To explore the factors associated with clinic follow-up of old patients with colorectal cancer and provide more evidence to improve the efficiency and quality of clinic follow-up after sugery. Methods The data of 253 patients who were underwent sugery because of old colorectal cancer in our hospital from January 2009 to May 2010 were reviewed. Data about the rate and times of clinic follow-up within 6 months after operation were collected via Hospital Information Systerm, then the follow-up rate was calculated, and to analyse the possible factors associated with follow-up times and rate. Results The total follow-up rate was 84.2%（213/253）, and the total times of follow-up was between 0 to 24 times per one, （4.08±0.03）times on average. On the times of follow-up, patients inside the city was higher than that outside, patients with medical or postoperative complications were higher than those without, and patients with a stoma was lower than that without, and the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）.While on the follow-up rate, patients underwent a radical sugery or with a stoma were lower than those not or without, and the differences were statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Conclusions The clinic follow-up of old colorectal cancer patients is not satisfactory, and the possible factors associated with follow-up times or rate are the distance between residence and hospital, have medical complications or not, have postoperative complications or not, radical sugery or not, and with a stoma or without.
Electronic skin has shown great application potential in many fields such as healthcare monitoring and human-machine interaction due to their excellent sensing performance, mechanical properties and biocompatibility. This paper starts from the materials selection and structures design of electronic skin, and summarizes their different applications in the field of healthcare equipment, especially current development status of wearable sensors with different functions, as well as the application of electronic skin in virtual reality. The challenges of electronic skin in the field of wearable devices and healthcare, as well as our corresponding strategies, are discussed to provide a reference for further advancing the research of electronic skin.
Objective To summarize application effect and clinical experience of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) technology in the surgery of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) related peripheral nerve tumors. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on NF1 patients, who admitted between January 2019 and December 2023 and treated with peripheral nerve tumor resection surgery assisted by multimodal IONM technology. There were 49 males and 45 females. The age ranged from 5 to 78 years, with an average of 33.7 years. Tumor morphological classification included 71 cases of nodular type, 13 cases of diffuse type, and 10 cases of mixed type. Target tumors were distributed in craniofacial region (47 cases), neck (11 cases), trunk (12 cases), and limbs (24 cases). Preoperatively, 44 cases had no obvious neurological symptoms, while the remaining patients had neurological symptoms, including 15 cases of visual impairment, 5 cases of hearing impairment, 16 cases of somatic movement disorders, and 31 cases of somatic sensory disorders, of which 7 cases had more than one symptom. IONM plans were selected based on the relevant nerves and adjacent important structures of the target tumor, including visual evoked potential (17 cases), somatosensory evoked potential (44 cases), motor evoked potential (88 cases), and electromyogram (94 cases).Results All surgeries were successfully completed. Ninety-three patients underwent total/near total resection and 1 patient underwent palliative resection. Pathological examination showed 80 cases of neurofibroma and 14 cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Complications included 2 cases of hematoma and 3 cases of incision infection. All patients were followed up 3-61 months (median, 15 months). During follow-up, no significant changes in neurological symptoms or tumor recurrence were found. Among the patients with preoperative visual impairment, there were 14 cases with no improvement in symptoms and 1 with improvement after surgery. Among the patients with somatic movement disorders, there were 11 cases with no improvement in symptoms, 3 cases with improvement, 2 cases with aggravation, 4 newly onset cases, and 1 case with significant impact on daily life after surgery. Among the patients with somatic sensory disorders, there were 17 cases with no improvement in symptoms, 14 cases with improvement, and 13 newly onset cases. The patients with hearing impairment showed improvement after surgery. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of NF1 related peripheral nerve tumors are complex. Multimodal IONM technology can provide real-time detection of nerve provocation and damage. Surgical treatment with multimodal IONM technology is safe and can reduce complications.
ObjectiveVideo electroencephalography (VEEG) monitoring for health education of elderly patients based on a process-based communication model, and explore the impact of this model on the success rate, negative emotions, nursing satisfaction, and active cooperation rate of such patients.MethodsFrom September 2017 to September 2019, 118 patients with suspected epilepsy, encephalitis and other diseases who required VEEG monitoring in Suining Central Hospital were selected for this study (patients aged 61 to 73 years; 54 males and 64 females). Patients were divided into 2 groups using a random number table method, 59 patients in each group.A group received routine nursing, and B group received health education based on the process communication model. The monitoring success rate, negative emotion, active cooperation rate, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe total effective rate in the B group was 86.44%, which was significantly higher than 76.27% in the A group (P<0.05). After nursing intervention, the scores of anxiety and depression in the two groups were significantly decreased, but the decline was greater in the B group (P<0.05). The active cooperation rate and nursing satisfaction of the B group were significantly higher than those of the A group (P<0.05).ConclusionCompared with conventional nursing, health education based on process communication mode can significantly improve the success rate of VEEG monitoring in elderly patients, alleviate the negative emotions of patients, improve the active cooperation rate and nursing satisfaction.
Objective To explore the clinical application and effect of infrared thermal imager in blood flow monitoring after skin flap surgery by comparing with skin-contact thermometer. Methods Fifty patients who had undergone flap repair in the microsurgery ward of Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between October 2019 and October 2020 were enrolled. An infrared thermal imager (FLIR ONE Pro) and a skin-contact thermometer were applied to monitor the skin temperature change till 7 d after surgery. The time consumed of using infrared thermal imager and skin-contact thermometer by different nurses, the efficacy of flap temperature monitoring of the two devices, the temperatures at different time points by using the two devices, and the temperatures under different distances to the flaps by using infrared thermal imager were compared. Results Different nurses had no difference in operating either of the two devices (P>0.05). It took significantly less time to measure the temperature of the flap area with the infrared thermal imager than using skin-contact thermometer [(39.28±3.52) vs. (103.85±9.09) s, P<0.001]. The skin temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager was significantly higher than that by the skin-contact thermometer (P<0.001), and the skin temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager at a height of 30 cm was higher than that at a height of 50 cm (P=0.006), but the temperature change amplitudes were both stable. Conclusions Infrared thermal imager is superior to skin-contact thermometer in terms of temperature measurement time, ease of operation, and sensitivity to temperature changes after skin flap operations. The thermal image collected by infrared thermal imager can provide an important basis for the identification of flap vascular crisis. It is a visual and objective blood supply monitoring equipment.
ObjectiveTo explore the reliability and safety of continuous monitoring of vital signs in patients using wireless wearable monitoring devices after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lung cancer. MethodsThe patients undergoing VATS for lung cancer in West China Hospital, Sichuan University from May to August 2023 were prospectively enrolled. Both wireless wearable and traditional wired devices were used to monitor the vital signs of patients after surgery. Spearman correlation analysis, paired sample t test and ratio Bland-Altman method were used to test the correlation, difference and consistency of monitoring data measured by the two devices. The effective monitoring rate of the wireless wearable device within 12 hours was calculated to test the reliability of its continuous monitoring. ResultsA total of 20 patients were enrolled, including 15 females and 5 males with an average age of 46.20±11.52 years. Data collected by the two monitoring devices were significantly correlated (P<0.001). Respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation data collected by the two devices showed no statistical difference (P>0.05), while heart rate measured by wireless wearable device was slightly lower (\begin{document}$ \bar{d} $\end{document}=−0.307±1.073, P<0.001), and the blood pressure (\begin{document}$ \bar{d} $\end{document}=1.259±5.354, P<0.001) and body temperature(\begin{document}$ \bar{d} $\end{document}=0.115±0.231, P<0.001) were slightly higher. The mean ratios of heart rate, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure and body temperature collected by the two devices were 0.996, 1.004, 1.000, 1.014, and 1.003, respectively. The 95% limits of agreement (LoA) and 95% confidence interval of 95%LoA of each indicator were within the clinically acceptable limit. The effective monitoring rate of each vital signs within 12 hours was above 98%. ConclusionThe wireless wearable device has a high accuracy and reliability for continuous monitoring vital signs of patients after VATS for lung cancer, which provides a security guarantee for subsequent large-scale clinical application and further research.
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of visual identification and intraoperative neuromonitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroidectomy. Methods Totally 1 664 patients underwent thyroidectomy with RLN protection from January 2009 to December 2009 were included in this study, in which 1 447 cases were protected by visual identification only, and 217 complex thyroidectomy cases were protected by visual identification and intraoperative monitoring. Results By the “multisites, three steps” RLN exposure method, 1 417 cases （85.16%） were successfully recognized and the recognition time was (3.57±1.26) min. The recognition time in the rest 30 complex cases (2.07%) without intraoperative neuromonitoring was (17.02±5.48) min. By this method, the temporary RLN injury occurred in 23 cases (1.54%) and 15 cases (65.22%) recovered within 2 weeks. In patients undewent intraoperative neuromonitoring, the recognition rate was 100% (217/217) and recognition time was (2.18±0.67) min. The temporary RLN injury occurred in 4 cases (1.84%) and 3 cases (75.00%) recovered within 2 weeks. All temporary RLN injuries recovered within 1 month and no persistent RLN injury occurred. Conclusions Conventional visual identification can reduce the RLN injury, but not meet the needs of the RLN protection during complex thyroidectomy. The combination of visual identification and intraoperative neuromonitoring can further improve the recognition rate and shorten the recovery time of vocal cord dyskinesia.