This study reports the surgical treatment of a female patient at age of 64 years with novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) latent infection complicated with esophageal foreign body perforation with no significant changes in the lung CT. The patient was confirmed as SARS-CoV-2 infection on the 4th day after surgery and then was transferred into the Department of Infectious Disease in our hospital for treatment. This case has guiding value for the operation of thoracic surgery during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia.
A 49-year-old male patient with compartment syndrome of the right leg caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning was admitted on December 30, 2019. The patient had a 10-year history of chronic nephritis and began dialysis treatment due to renal failure 1 month ago. Emergency surgical decompression for compartment syndrome was performed after admission. Two weeks later, the patient was diagnosed as the novel coronavirus pneumonia caused by 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection. Then, the patient was transferred to the isolation ward, where he was given anti-infection, anti-virus, expectorant, heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs, bedside dialysis, and nutrition support symptomatic treatment. After 2 weeks of treatment, the patient is getting better, with no fever, cough, wheezing, and other discomfort. Meanwhile, the sensory and motor functions of right lower limb recovered gradually. This case is rare, severe, and difficult to diagnose and treat. It is the first reported case of novel coronavirus pneumonia after orthopedic surgery.
ObjectivesTo estimate the basic reproduction number of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and to provide support to epidemic preparedness and response.MethodsBased on the susceptible–exposed–infected–removed (SEIR) compartment model and the assumption that the infection cases with symptoms occurred before January 26, 2020 were resulted from free propagation without intervention, we estimated the basic reproduction number of 2019-nCoV according to the reported confirmed cases and suspected cases, as well as theoretical estimated number of infected cases by other research teams, together with some epidemiological determinants learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome.ResultsThe basic reproduction number fall between 2.8 to 3.3 by using the real-time reports on the number of 2019-nCoV infected cases from People’s Daily in China, and fall between 3.2 and 3.9 on the basis of the predicted number of infected cases from international colleagues.ConclusionsThe early transmission capability of 2019-nCoV is close to or slightly higher than SARS. It is a controllable disease with moderate-high transmissibility. Timely and effective control measures are capable to quickly reduce further transmission.
ObjectiveTo investigate the strategy adjustment of breast cancer surgery management process during the outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), and to summarize the experience.MethodsBased on "Pneumonitis Diagnosis and Treatment Plan for Novel Coronavirus Infection (Fifth Trial Version)" and "Surgery Work System During the Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Infection in Mianyang Central Hospital (Second Edition)", the breast surgery department adjusted strategies and plans for breast cancer surgery during the epidemic.ResultsFrom January 25, 2020 to February 11, 2020, 8 cases of breast cancer surgery were performed in our hospital. They were all females, with an average age of 45 years. Five patients underwent modified radical mastectomy, 2 patients underwent breast-conserving surgery plus sentinel lymph nodes biopsy, and 1 case underwent breast-conserving surgery plus axillary lymph node dissection. All 8 patients were diagnosed as invasive ductal carcinoma of breast by hollow needle biopsy. All patients recovered smoothly after surgery, no complications occurred, and they were discharged as planned. No patients or medical staff showed NCP exposure and infection.ConclusionDuring the NCP epidemic, breast cancer surgery can be performed and the epidemic can be effectively prevented and controlled by adjusting the work flow and strategy.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical experience in the prevention and treatment of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) in the department of thoracic surgery of large grade A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan, and to provide feasible clinical practice strategies.MethodsThe clinical data of 41 COVID-19 patients in the department of thoracic surgery of 7 large grade A tertiary hospitals in Wuhan from December 15, 2019 to February 15, 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 20 surgical patients (10 males and 10 females at an average age of 54.35±10.80 years) and 21 medical personnel (7 males and 14 females at an average age of 30.38±6.23 years).ResultsThe main clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients were fever (70.73%) and cough (53.66%). Normal or reduced peripheral white blood cells and reduced lymphocyte counts were found in the COVID-19 patients, and some patients may have increased C-reactive protein. COVID-19 patients showed limited ground-glass opacities in early chest CT, which was evident in the edge band of lung. The disease could further develop into multiple pulmonary infiltrations, and pulmonary consolidation was found in severe cases. At the time of confirmed diagnosis, most of the medical personnel were ground-glass shadows and unilateral lesions, and even no obvious abnormalities were found in the lungs. The diagnosed COVID-19 patients were transferred to the isolation ward immediately and treated according to the "Diagnosis and Treatment Program of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia", which was released by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. At the end of follow-up on February 20, 2020, seven surgical patients (35.00%) were discharged and seven (35.00%) were dead, 13 (61.90%) medical personnel were discharged and no death was found.ConclusionsOf all COVID-19 patients in the department of thoracic surgery of hospitals in Wuhan, the proportion of severe degree and mortality in surgical patients are significantly higher than that of the general population, and medical personnel are prone to nosocomial infections. Early oxygen therapy and respiratory support may improve prognosis. During the epidemic period of COVID-19, elective or limited surgery is suggested to be postponed and the indications for emergency operation should be strictly controlled. Emergency operation is suggested to be treated in accordance with tertiary prevention. On the consideration of specialty in the department of thoracic surgery, all people of the ward should be carefully investigated for infection once one case is confirmed with COVID-19. Early detection, isolation, diagnosis, and treatment are the best preventive measures to improve the prognosis of COVID-19.
At the end of December 2019, some hospitals in Wuhan, Hubei, China found unexplained pneumonia cases one after another. On January 12, 2020, World Health Organization officially named the new coronavirus that caused the outbreak as “2019 new coronavirus”. The National Health Committee of China has organized experts to compile a “pneumonia diagnosis and treatment program for new coronavirus infection” to guide the prevention, control, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. However, due to the limited knowledge of the disease, there are still many problems to be solved in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. We reviewed the researches on coronavirus infections related to severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome, combined with our own experience in diagnosis and treatment, and proposed some thoughts on several unclear hot issues such as the mode of disease transmission, the incubation period, the practical application of diagnostic standards, and the choice of treatment drugs in the diagnosis and treatment plan.
ObjectiveTo construct a rapid screening tool for the donor of heart dead organ donation (donation after circulatory death, DCD) in the background of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection.MethodsBased on literature analysis and core group discussion, two rounds of expert consultation were carried out by Delphi method to establish dimension and index.ResultsThe screening tool included 3 dimensions, including epidemiological history, hospital exposure history, and clinical manifestations, with 15 entries. The mean of the two rounds of expert authority coefficient was 0.757 and 0.768, and the effective recovery rate of the expert consultation questionnaire was 88% and 100%, respectively. The second round dimension and index coordination coefficients was 0.417 and 0.319, respectively. The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.91.ConclusionsThe DCD liver transplant donor's new rapid screening tool for SARS-CoV-2 infection is scientific and reliable. During the epidemic period, the DCD liver transplant donor risk screening tool is of great significance to the prevention and control of liver transplantation risk.
The outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (COVID-19) at the end of 2019 was a major public health emergency in human history. In a short period of time, Chinese medical workers have experienced the gradual understanding, evidence accumulation and clinical practice of the unknown virus. So far, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China has issued seven trial versions of the “Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of COVID-19”. However, it is difficult for clinicians and laymen to quickly and accurately distinguish the similarities and differences among the different versions and locate the key points of the new version. This paper reports a computer-aided intelligent analysis method based on machine learning, which can automatically analyze the similarities and differences of different treatment plans, present the focus of the new version to doctors, reduce the difficulty in interpreting the “diagnosis and treatment plan” for the professional, and help the general public better understand the professional knowledge of medicine. Experimental results show that this method can achieve the topic prediction and matching of the new version of the program text through unsupervised learning of the previous versions of the program topic with an accuracy of 100%. It enables the computer interpretation of “diagnosis and treatment plan” automatically and intelligently.
There was a male novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia (COVID-19) patient after pulmonary surgery at age of 61 years. The patient had no clear history of contact COVID-19 patient before surgery. He developed transient fever on the 4th day after surgery. The body temperature returned to normal on the 5th day after antibiotic adjustment. The patient developed fever and fatigue again on the 6th day after surgery. A chest CT scan revealed postoperative pneumonia. The patient was treated by ganciclovir and moxifloxacin hydrochloride. The patient's temperature gradually decreased on the 7th to 9th days after the operation. CT scan on the 10th day after surgery showed viral pneumonia, so we immediately raised the level of protection. The novel coronavirus nucleic acid test was positive. The patient was immediately transferred to the designated hospital for treatment. The patient was treated by arbidol, moxifloxacin, human immunoglobulin (PH4), ambroxol and other nutritional symptomatic and supportive treatment. The patient's condition is currently stable. Ten people in close contact with the patient developed symptoms, and their CT scans showed viral pneumonia. Six of them were positive in nucleic acid tests, and the others were still under quarantine observation. This shows that it is easy to confuse the imaging manifestations of pneumonia with novel coronavirus pneumonia after lung surgery. We should perform nucleic acid detection as soon as possible in the early diagnosis of CT and reformulate the treatment protocol.
To prevent and control 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia diseases (COVID-19), hundreds of medical teams and tens of thousands of medical professionals throughout the nation were transferred to Hubei to assist COVID-19 control efforts. Medical professionals were at high risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia infections. To ensure the prevention and control of infection in medical teams and prevent cross-infection among medical staff at the medical station, this management standard includes routine management standards, resident disinfection, personnel entry and exit process, and logistics support management, so as to provide reference for medical teams combating COVID-19 in the future.