Severe hallux valgus, a triplanar foot deformity significantly impairing patients' quality of life, has witnessed progressive advancements in surgical management. This article systematically reviews the therapeutic progress through literature analysis, encompassing modifications of conventional surgical procedures, novel techniques, and applications of innovative biomaterials. A critical analysis and discussion of these technological advancements and future developmental directions are presented to provide valuable insights and references for clinical management of severe hallux valgus.