Improving the quality of infection management in outpatient and emergency departments is crucial for ensuring medical safety and advancing infection control practices. To enhance the level of infection management in outpatient and emergency departments, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital developed a two round risk assessment system for outpatient and emergency departments hospital infection management using risk matrix and failure mode and effects analysis methods, including hospital-outpatient and emergency departments, very high risk outpatient and emergency departments-high risk point. Based on the enterprise risk management integration framework, the risk management system has been optimized to provide decision support for the prevention and control of outpatient and emergency departments hospital infection. This article will introduce the practical exploration experience of optimizing management in outpatient and emergency departments hospital infection based on risk assessment.