Objective To study the method of reinnervation after ectopic transplantation of the gracilis muscle in rats. Methods Sixty healthy male rats (age, 8 months; weight, 400-500 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group, the motor reinnervation group, and the sensory reinnervation group. The right gracilis of the rat was cut off, and the muscle was transplanted to the left leg. In the control group, no reinnervation was performed on the obturator nerve; in the sensory reinnervation group, the obturator nerve was coapted with the recipient saphenous nerve; in the motor reinnervation group, the obturator nerve was coapted with the femoral nerve motor branch. After 25 weeks, the weight of the muscle was measured, and the histological examination was performed. Results Atrophy of the gracilis was found to be a dominant effect in the control group, where the weight of the muscle was 204.0±15.3 mg. In the motor reinnervation group, the weight ofthemuscle was 394.8±12.9 mg, and in the sensory reinnervation group, it was 389.2±13.5 mg, with no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). The weight of the muscle in the motor reinnervation group and in the sensory reinnervation group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P＜0.05).The tissue observation revealed that the nerve axon was diffusedin the motor reinnervated group, with no nerve endplates found. The motor nervereinnervated flaps showed the viable axons out to the motor endplates. The histological examination revealed evidence of reinnervation. Conclusion The motor or sensory nerve anastomosis after the ectopic transplantation of the skeletal muscle can prevent the atrophy of the muscle and restorepart of the nerve function.
We report a 50-year-old man with mediastinal tumor. The patient received the thoracoscopic resection for mediastinal tumor with the operative time of 1 h and intraoperative blood loss of 10 mL. The final diagnosis after surgical excision was an ectopic papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient recovered well without surgery-related complications, and was discharged on the 2nd day after the operation. No recurrence was found during the follow-up. We also reviewed relevant literature to explore the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of ectopic thyroid carcinoma.
Objective To establ ish the modified model of cervical heterotopic cardiac transplantation in rats for investigation of cardiac chronic rejection. Methods Forty healthy male Wistar rats, aged 10 weeks, weighing 250-300 g, were appl ied as the donor group, and forty healthy male SD rats, aged 10 weeks, weighing 300-350 g, served as the recipient group. The donors’ pulmonary artery was anastomosed to the reci pients’ right external jugular vein by non-suture cuff technique while the donors’ innominate artery was anastomosed to the recipients’ right common carotid artery by suture microvascular anastomosis. All recipients received cyclosporin to prevent acute allograft rejection. Results Forty consecutive successful transplantations were performed. Neither anastomosis leakage nor vessel obstruction occurred. The total operation time was 40-50 minutes. The time of cuff vascular anastomosis was 2-3 minutes and that of microvascular anastomosis was 9-12 minutes. All recipients survived for more than 30 days and all allografts were examined at 30 days after the transplantation. Pathological manifestations of allograft vessels were chronic rejection. Conclusion This modified model of cervical heterotopic cardiac transplantation is simple, practical and highly reproducible and is appl icable for investigation of chronic rejection in various organ transplantation studies.
Objective To review the progress of the research on therelationship between the central nervous system injury and the heterotopic ossification. Methods The recent articles on the central nervous system injury and the heterotopic ossification were extensively reviewed, and the related clinical signs, symptoms, pathogenesis diagnosis, risk factors, prophylaxis, and treatment of the neurogenic heterotopic ossification were investigated. Results The possible mechanism for the neurogenic heterotopic ossification might involve the roles of thebone morphogenetic protein and the basic fibroblast growth factor, which were suggested as mediators in differentiation of the progenitor cells. Sonographic, serum creatine phosphokinase, and C-reactive protein were recommended as the useful screening tools for heterotopic ossification. Colchicine and rofecoxib could be used for the prophylaxis or treatment of heterotopic ossification. Conclusion The research on the neurogenic heterotopic ossification has achieved a great development but further studies in this field are still required.
Objective To analyze the use of modified pericardial oblique sinus approach in surgical repair for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in neonates. Methods Between May 2005 and December 2015, 67 consecutive neonates with supracardiac or infracardiac type total anomalous pulmonary venous connection who underwent surgical repair in our institute were included in this study. The patients are divided into three groups according to the different approaches including a sulcus approach group (6 patients), a superior approach group (14 patients), and a modified pericardial oblique sinus approach group (47 patients). There were 53 males and 14 females at median age of 12.5 (7.0, 20.5) d. Results The time of cardiopulmonary bypass [88 (80.0, 107.0) min vs. 135 (121.0, 157.0) min, P<0.05] and aortic cross clamping of the modified pericardial oblique sinus approach group was significantly shorter than that of the sulcus approach group [45 (39.0, 53.0) min vs. 80 (73.0, 85.0) min, P<0.05]. Perioperative mortality (2.1% vs. 28.6%, P<0.05) was significantly lower in the modified pericardial oblique sinus approach group than that in the superior approach group. The long-term mortality (4.3% vs. 60.0%, P<0.05) was significantly lower in the modified pericardial oblique sinus approach group than that in the sulcus approach group or the superior approach group . The rate of pulmonary venous stenosis was significantly lower in the modified pericardial oblique sinus approach group than that in the sulcus approach group (2.1% vs. 50.0%, P<0.05) or superior approach group (2.1% vs. 35.7%, P<0.05). Conclusions In surgical correction of neonatal supracardiac and infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous, compared with the traditional surgical approach, the modified pericardial oblique sinus pathway can provide excellent surgical space and has a good surgical prognosis.
Objective To study the mechanism of ectopic osteogenesis of nacre/Polylactic acid (N/P) artificial bone combined with allogenic osteoblasts, and to explore the possibility as a scaffold material of bone tissue engineering. Methods The allogenic- osteoblasts seeded onto N/P artificial bone were co-cultured in vivo 1 week.The N/P artificial bone with allogenic osteoblasts were implanted subcutaneously into the left back sites of the New Zealand white rabbits in the experimental group and the simple N/P artificial bone into the right ones in the control group. The complexes were harvested and examined by gross observation, histologic analysis and immunohistochemical investigation 2, 4 and 8 weeks after implantation respectively.Results In experimental group, the osteoid formed after 4 weeks, and the mature bone tissue withbone medullary cavities formed after 8 weeks; but in control group there was nonew bone formation instead of abundant fibrous tissue after 4 weeks, and more fibrous tissue after 8 weeks.Conclusion N/P artificial bone can be used as an optical scaffold material of bone tissue engineering.
目的:探讨米非司酮治疗异位妊娠的疗效,安全性及对患者生育的影响。方法:选取符合保守治疗条件患者31例,观察米非司酮治疗异位妊娠过程中的临床症状,各项试验室指标的变化;出现不良反应的几率及严重程度;治疗后输卵管的通畅情况,以判断是否对患者生育造成影响。结果:治疗成功率为87.09%;不良反应出现率为19.35%,均为轻度不适;成功病例中未育患者输卵管通畅率为100%。结论:米非司酮是一种治疗异位妊娠的高效药物,具有安全性高,不良反应少,对生育无影响的优点。