Objective To investigate the expression and clinical value of long chain non-coding RNA nicotinamide nucleotide hydrogenase antisense RNA1 (LncRNA NNT-AS1), motor neuron and pancreas homeobox protein 1 antisense RNA1 (MNX1-AS1) in lung cancer patients. Methods This study selected 128 patients diagnosed with lung cancer admitted to The Third Medical Center of the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army from April 2020 to April 2021 as a cancer group. During the same period, 128 patients with benign pulmonary nodules were regarded as a benign group, and 128 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as a control group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the levels of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 in serum. A three-year follow-up was conducted on all lung cancer patients, with 52 patients in the death group and 76 patients in the survival group. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 for the occurrence of lung cancer and their predictive value for prognosis. Results Compared with the control group, the serum levels of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 were obviously increased in the benign group and the cancer group (P<0.05). Compared with the benign group, the levels of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 in serum of the cancer patients were obviously increased (P<0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC) of serum LncRNA NNT-AS1 combined with MNX1-AS1 for the diagnosis of lung cancer was higher than that of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 alone (ZLncRNA NNT-AS1~LncRNA NNT-AS1+MNX1-AS1=2.496, P=0.013; ZMNX1-AS1~LncRNA NNT-AS1+MNX1-AS1=2.831, P=0.007). The levels of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 were related to tumor differentiation, clinical stage, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Compared with the survival group, the serum levels of LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 in the death group were obviously increased (P<0.05). The AUC of combined prediction for lung cancer prognosis by serum LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 was higher than that predicted by LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 alone (ZLncRNA NNT-AS1~LncRNA NNT-AS1+MNX1-AS1=2.539, P=0.011; ZMNX1-AS1~LncRNA NNT-AS1+MNX1-AS1=3.377, P=0.001). Conclusion LncRNA NNT-AS1 and MNX1-AS1 are highly expressed in serum of lung cancer patients, and both have certain value in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of lung cancer.
The pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is complex. Antisense non-coding RNA (ANRIL) in the INK4 locus in long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is closely related to cell proliferation, differentiation, and individual development. It plays an important role in the dysplasia of retinal vascular endothelial cells and is a new field in the study of the pathogenesis of DR. According to the researches at present, ANRIL may plays its role in the occurrence and development of DR through the signal pathway of nuclear factor-κB and ROS/polyadenylation diphosphate ribose polymerase, and interact with p300, miR-200b, and EZH2 to regulating the expression and function of VEGF. Specific blocking ANRIL and its related pathways may become a new target in the treatment of DR.
Objective To investigate the role of long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1-antisense RNA （MACC1-AS1）in cisplatin resistant gastric cancer and its possible mechanism. Methods Human gastric cancer cell line BGC823 and cisplatin resistant gastric cancer cell line (BGC823/DDP) were selected as the research objects. BGC823/DDP cells were transfected and divided into negative control group (si-NC group, transfected with si-NC empty plasmid) and MACC1-AS1 gene silencing group (si-MACC1-AS1 group, transfected with si-MACC1-AS1 plasmid). The BGC823 cells were transfected and divided into positive control group (pcDNA-NC group, transfected with pcDNA-NC empty plasmid) and MACC1-AS1 gene overexpression group (pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group, transfected with pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 plasmid). MTT was used to detect the inhibition and 50% inhibition concentration (IC50). Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of MACC1-AS1, B-lymphoma-2 gene (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 related X gene (Bax), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT), and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, p-mTOR, mTOR, AKT, and p-AKT. Results The relative expression level of MACC1-AS1 mRNA in BGC823/DDP cells was higher than that in BGC823 gastric cancer cells (P<0.01). The relative expression level of MACC1-AS1 mRNA in the si-MACC1-AS1 group cells was lower than that in the si-NC group cells (P<0.01). The relative expression level of MACC1-AS1 mRNA in the pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group cells was higher than that in the pcDNA-NC group cells (P<0.01). The cell growth inhibition rate and IC50 of the si-MACC1-AS1 group were higher than those of the si-NC group (P<0.01). The cell growth inhibition rate and IC50 of the pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group were lower than those of the pcDNA-NC group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein relative expression levels of Bcl-2, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR in the pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group were significantly higher than those in the pcDNA-NC group (P<0.01). The relative expression levels of Bax protein and mRNA in the pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group were significantly lower than those in the pcDNA-NC group (P<0.01). The apoptosis rate of the pcDNA-MACC1-AS1 group was significantly lower than that of the pcDNA-NC group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein relative expression levels of Bcl-2, p-AKT/AKT and p-mTOR/mTOR in the si-MACC1-AS1 group were significantly lower than those in the si-NC group (P<0.01). The relative expression levels of Bax protein and mRNA in the si-MACC1-AS1 group were significantly higher than those in the si-NC group (P<0.01). The apoptosis rate of the si-MACC1-AS1 group was significantly higher than that of the si-NC group (P<0.01). Conclusions MACC1-AS1 highly expresses in cisplatin resistant gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of MACC1-AS1 regulates AKT/mTOR pathway mediated apoptosis and enhances cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells.
ObjectiveCombined with long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) to find a regression model that can be used to predict the survival rate of patients with colon cancer before operation.MethodsThe clinical information and gene expression information of patients with colon cancer were downloaded by using TCGA database. The differentially expressed lncRNAs in tumor and paracancerous tissues were screened out, and then combined with the clinical information of patients to construct Cox proportional hazard regression model.ResultsA total of 26 kinds of lncRNAs with statistical difference in gene expression between paracancerous tissues and tumor tissues were selected (P<0.05). Through repeated screening and comparison of prediction efficiency, the prediction model was finally selected, which was constructed by patients’ age, M stage, N stage, and three kinds of lncRNAs (ZFAS1, SNHG25, and SNHG7) gene expression level: age [HR=4.00, 95%CI: (1.48, 10.84), P=0.006], M stage [HR=3.96, 95%CI: (2.23, 7.04), P<0.001], N stage [HR=1.87, 95%CI: (1.24, 2.84), P=0.003], ZFAS1 gene expression level [HR=0.60, 95%CI: (0.41, 0.86), P=0.006], SNHG25 gene expression level [HR=0.85, 95%CI: (0.73, 1.00), P=0.045], and SNHG7 gene expression level [HR=2.32, 95%CI: (1.53, 3.52), P<0.001] were all independent risk factors for postoperative survival of patients with colon cancer. The area under the ROC curves for predicting 1, 3, and 5-year overall survival were 0.802, 0.828, and 0.771, respectiely, which had a good prediction ability.ConclusionThe predictive model constructed by the combination of ZFAS1, SNHG25, SNHG7 genes expression level with M stage, N stage, and age can better predict the overall survival rate of patients before operation, which can effectively guide clinical decision-making and choose the most suitable treatment method for patients.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in the regulation of malignant biological behavior of gallbladder cancer so as to provide references for its related research.MethodThe relevant literatures about studies of lncRNA in gallbladder cancer in recent years were reviewed.ResultsThe recent studies had shown that 19 lncRNAs associated with gallbladder cancer had played the important roles in regulating tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, “sponge” miRNAs, chemoresistance, and tumor metastasis. Among them, most lncRNAs tended to have carcinogenic properties, only a few had anticarcinogenic effect. Although the research suggested the mechanism and role of lncRNA to promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of gallbladder cancer, the current research on its mechanism was still limited. In addition, some lncRNAs were found to be specifically expressed in the serum of patients with gallbladder cancer, so which were expected to become biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis.ConclusionslncRNAs associated with gallbladder cancer have carcinogenic or anticarcinogenic effect, or chemoresistance. They play potential roles in diagnosis, prognosis, and (or) treatment of tumors, but molecular mechanisms of their effects are still limited.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the expression level and diagnostic value of lnc-PAPSS2-2 (lnc-PA) in peripheral blood of active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients.MethodsFrom January 2011 to January 2018, 798 patients with active PTB and 1 650 healthy people undergoing health examination in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and their electronic health records (EHR) were collected. Peripheral blood lnc-PA levels were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method. The data of lnc-PA and EHR were modeled using nomogram, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of lnc-PA, EHR and the combination of lnc-PA and EHR were compared to evaluate the diagnostic value of lnc-PA for active PTB.ResultsThe level of lnc-PA was lower in active PTB patients than that in healthy controls (P<0.001). The areas under ROC curve of lnc-PA, EHR and their combination were 0.619, 0.962, and 0.964 in the training set and 0.626, 0.950, and 0.950 in the validation set, respectively.ConclusionThe diagnostic ability of lnc-PA is poor and that of EHR is good, which indicates that the clinical value of lnc-PA as a biomarker of active PTB remains to be further explored.
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of nucleic acid sequence that exceeds 200 nucleotides in length and cannot encode any complete protein. In recent years, its important regulatory role in various pathophysiological processes has been gradually clarified, however, few studies have reported its role in carcinogenic virus infection. This article summarizes the currently known lncRNAs abnormally expressed in hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, and focuses on the mechanisms of lncRNAs regulating the occurrence and development of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma such as controlling virus replication and host immunity, cell cycle and proliferation, invasion and metastasis, autophagy and apoptosis of liver cancer cells, hoping to provide a theoretical basis for the molecular targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Calcific aortic valve disease has been the most common heart valve disorder in western world, accompanying with the increase of morbidity in our country year by year. Several molecules and mechanisms are involved in the progression of aortic valve calcification, which intensify the complexity of this pathological process. It is known that inflammation, a key factor in many diseases, has its own role in the development of aortic valve calcification. It has been demonstrated that inflammation, one of the most important participants in this disorder, which may accelerate the local lesions in aortic valve via promoting the expression of osteogenic differentiation of associated factors or decreasing the level of protective molecules. Dyslipidemia is a traditional risk factor of cardiovascular events. However, it may induce or enhance the inflammatory response whereby facilitates the calcific lesions in aortic valve. Recently, several researches have illustrated that non-coding RNAs, a stimulative factor in the progression of malignant tumor, might play a role in the development of aortic valve calcification. MiRNA and lncRNA, the non-coding RNAs which regulate the expression of genes involved in inflammatory and osteogenic differentiation, are undeniable regulators of aortic valve calcification.
ObjectiveTo understand the function of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) colon cancer associated transcript-1 (CCAT1) and summarize its relationship with gastric cancer.MethodThe published literatures on the studies of lncRNA CCAT1 function and its relationship with gastric cancer were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThe lncRNA CCAT1 exerted the negative regulation on the genes by binding to microRNAs (miR) as a competitive endogenous RNA, mediating chromatin circulation between the c-MYC promoter and its upstream enhancer, and promoted the expression of c-MYC gene. The recent studies had found that the CCAT1 could bind to the miR-219-1 and miR-490, thereby promoting the progress of gastric cancer. The expression of lncRNA CCAT1 in the gastric cancer tissues increased, which was obviously different from that in the paracancer tissues and normal tissues. The high expression of lncRNA CCAT1 was related to the tumor size, lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage.ConclusionsThe specific mechanism, intracellular signal transduction pathway and interaction mechanism between CCAT1 and other molecules involved in the progress of gastric cancer still need to be further explored. With the in-depth study of lncRNA, especially CCAT1, it may provide a broader prospect for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer as a target of CCAT1.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that not only impairs vision and quality of life but has also emerged as a leading cause of blindness in working-age individuals. Long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (LncMALAT1) is a non-coding RNA molecule that regulates gene expression and has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of DR. It exerts its effects through the modulation of various pathological processes, including inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Notably, alterations in the expression levels of LncMALAT1 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of DR. Furthermore, interventions targeting LncMALAT1, employing antioxidants, anti-angiogenic agents, traditional Chinese medicine, and gene therapy, present promising avenues for its potential development as an effective therapeutic target for DR.